Muthuvel Arumugam
@annamalaiuniversity.ac.in
Annamalai University
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Palani Damotharan, Anguchamy Veeruraj, Muthuvel Arumugam, and Thangavel Balasubramanian
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
R. Sivaramakrishnan, A. Nandhini, P.R. Jaipreethi, K. Kapilan, S. Uthra, S. Kanchana, D. Yuvaraj, and M. Arumugam
Technoscience Publications
Uthayasooriyan Yuvashri, Shankar Kanchana, Arumugam Abirami, Kavitha Naidu, Gunaratna Kuttuva Rajarao, and Muthuvel Arumugam
Wiley
Naidu Kavitha, Thennarasu Padmini Karunya, Shankar Kanchana, Kumar Mohan, Ramachandiran Sivaramakrishnan, Selvaraj Uthra, Kalimuthu Kapilan, Dinakarkumar Yuvaraj, and Muthuvel Arumugam
Elsevier BV
Sodium Alginate (SA) is an excellent carrier in various drug delivery systems. In this study, SA was synthesized from brown seaweed, Turbinaria conoides with a yield of 31.3 ± 0.86%. The analysis of physicochemical properties of extracted alginate (ALG) determined its purity. The structural confirmations of ALG were studied through FTIR, XRD and SEM analysis. Formulation of ALG with collagen (COL) as a wound healing microfilm showed potential anti-inflammatory properties (81.3 ± 1.77%) and sustained drug release. Likewise, the ALG microbead encapsulated with an anticancer drug, Tamoxifen indicated an in vitro sustained release in the range of 62 ± 0.70% - 91 ± 0.56%. The overall swelling behavior of both the hydrogels, microfilm and microbead provides new opportunities for development of natural ALG in this therapeutic era.
Anguchamy Veeruraj, Ling Liu, Jiexia Zheng, Jianping Wu, and Muthuvel Arumugam
Elsevier BV
The present investigation was aimed to evaluate in vivo wound healing activity of astaxanthin incorporated collagen hydrogel film biomaterials extracted from the outer skin waste of squid Doryteuthis singhalensis, to releases antibiotic, delivering potentialities of excisional and incisional wound model in Wistar rats. These results suggested that the astaxanthin incorporated collagen film (ACF) and gentamicin incorporated collagen film (GCF) exhibited excellent wound healing activity (71%) in both full thickness excision and linear incision in rats. The in-vitro antioxidant abilities of extracted astaxanthin exhibited strongly significant 1,1‑diphenyl‑2‑picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. In addition, tensile strength, epithelialization, hydroxyproline content and protein content in ACF and GCF treated groups were significantly increased. Histopathological assessment revealed an increase in collagen content, fibroblasts, granulation, thickness of scar formation, effective neovascularization and faster epithelialization within the short duration after the treatment of ACF and GCF compared to the control groups. The structure of prepared ACF and GCF biomaterials were characterized by SEM, EDS, and XRD. The in vivo biological study of the collagen-based film releases the antibiotic substance. The composite of collagen based biomaterials displays a promising biocompatibility through the dermal wound healing process as well as an evidence of biodegradability. Thus, the marine-derived biomaterials gave a substantial pledge for the development of biodegradable materials in drug delivery and soft tissue regeneration process.
Palani Damotharan, Anguchamy Veeruraj, Muthuvel Arumugam, and Thangavel Balasubramanian
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Abstract
This study is designed to isolate and purify a novel anti-clotting protein component from the venom of Enhydrina schistosa, and explore its biochemical and biological activities. The active protein was purified from the venom of E. schistosa by ion-exchange chromatography using DEAE-cellulose. The venom protein was tested by various parameters such as, proteolytic, haemolytic, phospholipase and anti-coagulant activities. 80 % purity was obtained in the final stage of purification and the purity level of venom was revealed as a single protein band of about 44 kDa in SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis under reducing conditions. The results showed that the Potent hemolytic activity was observed against cow, goat, chicken and human (A, B and O positive) erythrocytes. Furthermore, the clotting assays showed that the venom of E. schistosa significantly prolonged in activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and prothrombin time. Venomous enzymes which hydrolyzed casein and gelatin substrate were found in this venom protein. Gelatinolytic activity was optimal at pH 5–9 and 1H NMR analysis of purified venom was the base line information for the structural determination. These results suggested that the E. schistosa venom holds good promise for the development of novel lead compounds for pharmacological applications in near future.
Anguchamy Veeruraj, Sampath Renuga Pugazhvendan, Thipramalai Thankappan Ajithkumar, and Muthuvel Arumugam
The Korean Society of Toxicology
This study is to investigate the biological, biochemical and cytotoxic effects of puffer fish (Arothron stellatus) toxin extracts under in-vitro condition. Extracted toxins from various organs of puffer fish were purified by using active charcoal column, and Bio-gel-P2 column chromatography. The lethality of toxin was tested in crabs, which consists of neurotoxic compounds. The degree of the brine shrimp lethality assay was found directly proportional to the concentration of the toxin extracts, which was well supported by hemolytic assay. The experimental results suggested that the gonad was found higher toxins than the liver and muscles. The mortality rate of brine shrimp nauplii was increased with the raise of concentrations of toxin level. Among the different doses and time dependent cytotoxic effect of human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells were showed 4.0 μg/mL of toxin, which was effectively inhibited cancer cell proliferation. HPLC and TLC analysis was revealed that the A. stellatus toxin contains tetrodotoxin (TTX), related compounds 4-epi TTX and anhydro-TTX. The present results suggested that the A. stellatus contain TTX as a major and anh-TTX as a minor toxin. It could be the potential candidate in the field of anticancer drug discovery against human cervical cancer cells. The present data is confirming that the puffer fish toxin as an interesting source of novel bioactive natural compounds with potent applications in pharmacology.
RK Rajeshkumar, R Vennila, S Karthikeyan, N Rajendra Prasad, M Arumugam, T Velpandian, and T Balasubramaniam
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
BackgroundVenoms comprise mixtures of numerous bioactive compounds that have a wide range of pharmacologic actions. Toxins from venomous animals have attracted the attention of researchers because of their affinity for primary sites responsible for lethality and their efficacy at extremely low concentrations. The venoms of marine stingrays have not been extensively studied and limited data is available on them. The present study aims to evaluate the antiproliferative and biochemical properties of the venom obtained from a species of marine stingray (Dasyatis sephen) on human cervical cancer cell line HeLa.MethodsThe antiproliferative effect of D. sephen venom was determined by MTT assay, and the oxidative stress was determined by lipid peroxidation method along with assessment of changes in the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant status. We observed intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by DCFH-DA method, mitochondrial membrane potential alterations by rhodamine 123 staining and apoptotic morphological changes by acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual staining method.ResultsD. sephen venom enhances lipid peroxidative markers such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, conjugated diene, and lipid hydroperoxide in HeLa cell lines. Stingray venom enhances the ROS levels, which is evidenced by the increased 2–7-diacetyl dichlorofluorescein fluorescence. Further, D. sephen venom treatment altered the mitochondrial membrane potential in HeLa cells. Additionally, we observed increased apoptotic morphological changes in D. sephen venom-treated groups.ConclusionsDasyatis sephen venom exhibits potent antiproliferative effect on HeLa cell line and upon further purification it could be a promising antiproliferative agent.
S. Umayaparvathi, M. Arumugam, S. Meenakshi, and T. Balasubramanian
Informa UK Limited
The antioxidant activities of enzymatically hydrolyzed (protease from Bacillus cereus SU12) oyster (Saccostrea cucullata) protein were studied. The hydrolysate exhibited a strong antioxidant potential in 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH, 85.7 ± 0.37%), followed by hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity (81.6 ± 0.3%), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (79.32 ± 0.6%), and reducing power assay (2.63 ± 0.2 OD at 700 nm) at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Due to the high antioxidant potential, the hydrolysate was purified in Sephadex G-25 gel filtration chromatography. The active peptide fraction was identified by DPPH and reducing power assay. The amino acid content of the purified active peptide fraction was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The active fraction contained a good quantity of both essential and nonessential amino acids. The present study revealed that oyster (S. cucullata) protein hydrolysate is a potential source for natural antioxidants.
Palani Damotharan, Anguchamy Veeruraj, Muthuvel Arumugam, and Thangavel Balasubramanian
Wiley
The present study is designed to investigate the isolation and characterization of biological and biochemical active venom protein from sea snake, Enhydrina schistosa. The highest purification peaks in ion‐exchange chromatography on DEAE‐cellulose column were obtained for fraction numbers 39–49 when eluted with 0.35–0.45 M NaCl. Eighty per cent purity was obtained in the final stage of purification, and a single protein band of about 44 kDa was visualized in SDS‐polyacrylamide gel under reducing condition. Purified venom protein expressed as haemolytic, cytotoxicity and proteolytic activities with lethal concentration (LC50) at 2.0 μg/mL. Venom protein exhibits enzymatic activity and hydrolyzed casein and gelatin. Gelatinolytic activity was optimal at pH 5–9. In conclusion, the present results suggested that the sea snake venom might be feasible sources for biologically active substances. Thus, this low molecular weight component of the venom protein could be used in potentially serve biological and pharmaceutical aspects.
Anguchamy Veeruraj, Muthuvel Arumugam, Thangappan Ajithkumar, and Thangavel Balasubramanian
Elsevier BV
Abstract Acid and Pepsin soluble collagens (ASC & PSC) were isolated from the outer skin of squid ( Doryteuthis singhalensis ) caught in the Indian waters with the yields of 56.80% for ASC and 24.60% for PSC, respectively. The total yield of ASC and PSC was 81.40% on the basis of lyophilized dry weight, which is higher compared to other sources. ASC and PSC were characterized as type I collagen, containing as α1 and α2 chains. The amino acids analysis of the ASC and PSC contained glycine (332 and 328 residues/1000 residues) as the major amino acid and had imino acids of 223 and 225 residues/1000 residues and the FTIR spectra confirmed that limited digestion by pepsin did not disrupt the triple helical structure of collagen. Thermal denaturation temperatures ( T d ) of the ASC and PSC measured by viscometry were 35.70 and 34.80 °C, respectively. The higher thermostable of squid skin collagen suggested that the possibility of its utilization as a substitute for commercial collagen. Squid skin collagen has potential for use as a supplementary source of collagen. Thus, collagen from squid skin could serve as an alternative source of collagen for further application in food, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.
S. Kanchana, R. Vennila, K. Rajesh Kumar, M. Arumugam, and T. Balasubram
Science Alert
S. Umayaparvathi, S. Meenakshi, V. Vimalraj, M. Arumugam, and T. Balasubramanian
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Protein derived from the oyster (Saccostrea cucullata) was hydrolyzed using protease from Bacillus cereus SU12 for isolation of antioxidant peptides. The oyster hydrolysate exhibited a strong antioxidant potential in DPPH (85.7±0.37%) followed by Hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity (81.6±0.3%), Hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity (79.32±0.6%), Reducing power assay (2.63±0.2 OD at 700nm). Due to the high antioxidant potential, hydrolysate was fractionated in Sephadex G-25 gel filtration chromatography. The active peptide fraction was further purified by UPLC-MS. Totally 7 antioxidant peptides were collected. Among 7 peptides (SCAP 1-7), 3 peptides (SCAP 1, 3 and 7) had highest scavenging ability on DPPH radicals. The amino acid sequence and molecular mass of purified antioxidant peptides (SCAP1, SCAP3 and SCAP7) were determined by Q-TOF ESI mass spectroscopy and structures of the peptides were Leu-Ala-Asn-Ala-Lys (MW=515.29Da), Pro-Ser-Leu-Val-Gly-Arg-Pro-Pro-Val-Gly-Lys-Leu-Thr-Leu (MW=1432.89Da) and Val-Lys-Val-Leu-Leu-Glu-His-Pro-Val-Leu (MW=1145.75Da), respectively. The unique amino acid composition and sequence in the peptides might play an important role in expression of their antioxidant activity. The results of this study suggest that oyster protein hydrolysate is good source of natural antioxidants.
Pankaj Gupta, Muthuvel Arumugam, Raj Vardhan Azad, Rohit Saxena, Supriyo Ghose, Nihar Ranjan Biswas, and Thirumurthy Velpandian
Medknow
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the antiangiogenic potential of twenty two marine invertebrate species of Phylum Mollusca from south east coast of India.
METHODS
Live specimens of molluscan species were collected and their methanolic extracts were evaluated for preliminary antiangiogenic activity using the in ovo chick chorio-allantoic membrane assay. The extracts were further evaluated for in vivo antiangiogenic activity using chemical cautery induced corneal neovascularization assay in rats and oxygen induced retinopathy assay in rat pups.
RESULTS
In the chick chorio-allantoic membrane assay, four methanolic extracts of marine molluscan species viz. Meretrix meretrix, Meretrix casta, Telescopium telescopium and Bursa crumena methanolic extracts exhibited noticeable antiangiogenic activity at the tested concentration of 200 µg whereby they significantly inhibited the VEGF induced proliferation of new blood vessels. Among these four extracts, the methanolic extract of Meretrix casta exhibited relatively higher degree of antiangiogenic activity with an inhibitiory percentage (64.63%) of the VEGF induced neovascularization followed by the methanolic extracts of Telescopium telescopium (62.02%), Bursa crumena (60.48%) and Meretrix meretrix (47.01%). These four methanolic extracts were further evaluated for in vivo antiangiogenic activity whereby the methanolic extract of Telescopium telescopium exhibited most noticeable inhibition (42.58%) of the corneal neovascularization in rats in comparison to the sham treated group, and also exhibited most noticeable inhibition (31.31%) of the oxygen induced retinal neovascularization in rat pups in comparison to the hyperoxia group that was observed for considerable retinal neovascularization.
CONCLUSIONS
The significant antiangiogenic activity evinced by the extract of Telescopium telescopium merits further investigation for ocular neovascular diseases.
S. Umayaparvathi, S. Meenakshi, V. Vimalraj, M. Arumugam, G. Sivagami, and T. Balasubramanian
Elsevier BV
Abstract The antioxidant and anticancer activities of bioactive peptide isolated from oyster ( Saccostrea cucullata ) protein hydrolysate were evaluated in vitro. The oyster hydrolysate exhibited a strong antioxidant potential as a DPPH scavenger (85.7 ± 0.37%) followed by reducing power (2.63 ± 0.2 OD at 700 nm) at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. Due to the high antioxidant potential, hydrolysate was fractionated in Sephadex G-25 gel filtration chromatography and peptides were purified by UPLC-MS. Among 7 purified peptides (SCAP1–7), 3 peptides (SCAP1, 3 and 7) had the highest scavenging ability on DPPH radicals. The amino acid sequence and molecular mass of purified peptides (SCAP1, SCAP3 and SCAP7) were Leu-Ala-Asn-Ala-Lys (MW = 515.29 Da), Pro-Ser-Leu-Val-Gly-Arg-Pro-Pro-Val-Gly-Lys-Leu-Thr-Leu (MW = 1432.89 Da) and Val-Lys-Val-Leu-Leu-Glu-His-Pro-Val-Leu (MW = 1145.75 Da), respectively. Moreover, oyster peptide SCAP1 had anticancer activity against human colon carcinoma (HT-29) cell lines. Percentage of cell growth inhibition (MTT assay), apoptotic morphological changes (AO/EtBr staining) and oxidative DNA damage (comet assay) were estimated. We thus conclude that the anticancer and antioxidative peptide (SCAP1) from oyster ( S. cucullata ) may be useful ingredients in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.
Muthuvel Arumugam and Sadhasivam Giji
Elsevier
Heparan sulfate was isolated from two bivalve mollusks such as Tridacna maxima and Perna viridis. The isolated heparin was quantified in crude as well as purified samples and they were estimated as 2.72 and 2.2g/kg (crude) and 260 and 248 mg/g (purified) in T. maxima and P. viridis, respectively. Both the bivalves showed the anticoagulant activity of the crude and purified sample as 20,128 USP units/kg and 7.4 USP units/mg, 39,000 USP units/kg and 75 USP units/mg, 9460 USP units/kg and 4.3 USP units/mg, and 13,392 USP units/kg and 54 USP units/mg correspondingly in T. maxima and P. viridis. The antiproliferative activity that was studied with pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells using RPMI media reported that the result is in a dose-dependent manner. Among the two clams, P. viridis showed more antiproliferative activity than that of T. maxima.
Sadhasivam Giji and Muthuvel Arumugam
Elsevier
Hyaluronic acid (HA) being a viscous slippery substance is a multifunctional glue with immense therapeutic applications such as ophthalmic surgery, orthopedic surgery and rheumatology, drug delivery systems, pulmonary pathology, joint pathologies, and tissue engineering. Although HA has been isolated from terrestrial origin (human umbilical cord, rooster comb, bacterial sources, etc.) so far, the increasing interest on this polysaccharide significantly aroused the alternative search from marine sources since it is at the preliminary level. Enthrallingly, marine environments are considered more biologically diverse than terrestrial environments. Although numerous methods have been described for the extraction and purification of HA, the hitch on the isolation methods which greatly influences the yield as well as the molecular weight of the polymer still exists. Adaptation of suitable method is essential in this venture. Stimulated by the developed technology, to sketch the steps involved in isolation and analytical techniques for characterization of this polymer, a brief report on the concerned approach has been reviewed.
S. Umayaparvathi, M. Arumugam, S. Meenakshi, Gerald Dräger, Andreas Kirschning, and T. Balasubramanian
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
The focus of the study was to investigate antioxidant activity and characterize antioxidant peptides from oyster (Saccostrea cucullata) protein hydrolysate. The protease hydrolysate of oyster exhibited strong potential to donate hydrogen and was able to scavenge Hydrogen peroxide, Hydroxyl and DPPH radicals. Due to the high antioxidant potential, hydrolysate was purified in Sephadex G-25 gel filtration chromatography. The active peptide fraction was further purified by UPLC-MS. Totally seven antioxidant peptides were collected. Among seven peptides (SCAP 1–7), three peptides (SCAP 1, 3 and 7) had highest scavenging ability on DPPH radicals. The amino acid sequence and molecular mass of purified antioxidant peptides (SCAP1, SCAP3 and SCAP7) were determined by Q-TOF ESI mass spectroscopy and structures of the peptides were Leu-Ala-Asn-Ala-Lys (MW = 515.29 Da), Pro-Ser-Leu-Val-Gly-Arg-Pro–Pro-Val-Gly-Lys-Leu-Thr-Leu (MW = 1,432.89 Da) and Val-Lys-Val-Leu-Leu-Glu-His-Pro-Val-Leu (MW = 1,145.75 Da), respectively. The oyster hydrolysate was tested for cell cytotoxicity on Vero (kidney epithelial cells of the African Green Monkey) and HT-29 (human colon carcinoma) cell lines. It was found that the hydrolysate did not show any cytotoxic effect for Vero cell lines and exerted a significant cytotoxic effect on HT-29 cell lines. We thus conclude that the anticancer and antioxidative hydrolysate from oyster (S. cucullata) may be useful ingredients in food and nutraceutical applications.
Somasundaram Tamilmozhi, Anguchamy Veeruraj, and Muthuvel Arumugam
Elsevier BV
Abstract Acid-solubilized collagen (ASC) and pepsin-solubilized collagen (PSC) were extracted from the skin of sail fish (Istiophorus platypterus) with yields of 5.76% and 2.11% respectively, on the basis of wet weight. According to the electrophoretic pattern, ASC and PSC consisted of two different α chains (α1 and α2) and were characterized as Type I collagen. Peptide maps of ASC and PSC hydrolysed by Achromopeptidase from Achromobacter lyticus exhibited similar banding patterns with human-placenta collagen suggesting, sailfish collagen is a Type I collagen. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of ASC and PSC were quite similar and the regions of amides A, I, II and III were 3422 and 3337, 1654 and 1646, 1560 and 1559 and 1240 cm− 1 respectively. FTIR results suggest that the pepsin hydrolysis did not affect the secondary structure of collagen, especially triple-helical structure. 1H NMR analysis revealed the presence of water molecules along with their corresponding singlet medium chemical shift of about 4.6 to 4.8 ppm in ASC and PSC. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies confirmed the presence of collagen in the isolated, as fine globular filaments. Thus, possibility of sail fish collagen as an alternative source for mammalian collagen and also it could be used in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.
Shankar Kanchana, Muthuvel Arumugam, Sadhasivam Giji, and Thangavel Balasubramanian
Elsevier BV
Abstract The hyaluronic acid (HA) was isolated from bivalve mollusk Amussium pleuronectus and its antioxidant potential was evaluated. HA was separated from glycosaminoglycans mixture using ion-exchange chromatography (DEAE-cellulose). The net yield of HA was found to be 4.2 mg/g. The presence of HA was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis and further analyzed by a standard calorimetric method using Stains All. The disaccharide composition revealed the presence of uronic acid (47.7%) and N -acetyl glucosamine (35.1%). The structure of HA was characterized through FT-IR and 1 H NMR spectroscopy. At 1 mg/ml, the scavenging ability of isolated HA towards ABTS, DPPH and hydroxyl radicals was 71.35, 54.42 and 63.42%, respectively. The isolated HA could be used as a potent antioxidant agent.