Khaled Alnefaie
@kau.edu.sa
Mechanical/Engineering
King Abdulaziz University
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Khaled A. Alnefaie, Hussein A.Z. AL-bonsrulah, Ziyad Jamil Talabany, and Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh
Elsevier BV
Nada Tassi, Lahcen Azrar, Nadia Fakri, and Khaled Alnefaie
Elsevier BV
F.P. Ewolo Ngak, G.E. Ntamack, L. Azrar, and K. Alnefaie
Elsevier BV
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh, Khaled A. Alnefaie, and Mahmoud M. Selim
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Computational theory has been developed to model the hybrid nano-powder transportation within a space under the effect of magnetic force. With combining the FEM and FVM, current numerical approach has been generated and triangular elements were utilized in grid generation. Mixture of MWCNT and iron oxide were dispersed inside the water and properties of hybrid nanomaterial were measured according to previous empirical formulas. Existence of hot wavy wall in below side makes it possible for gravity force to take part in phenomena. Space with different permeability was utilized and radiation flux impact has been added. As a result of buoyancy force, counter clock wise eddy appears inside the domain and with rise of Da it converts to two eddies. Also, augmenting Da leads to more distortions of iso-temperature and power of eddy increases about 75%. As MHD terms added in flow equations, the velocity reduces about 82.5% and 90% depending to amounts of Da. At Da = 10–2, Ha = 60, considering higher Ra causes to augment of Nu about 27.75%. Nu augments about 10.59% with increasing permeability when Ha = 0. Nu declines by 43.26% with employ of MHD when Ra and permeability have maximum levels.
Ashraf M. Zenkour, Tareq Saeed, and Khadijah M. Alnefaie
MDPI AG
Based on Green–Lindsay generalized thermoelasticity theory, this paper presents a new refined higher-order time-derivative thermoelasticity model. Thinner one-dimensional skin tissue is considered when its inner surface is free of traction and does not show any temperature increase. The skin tissue’s bounding surface has been heated by ramp-type heating. The classical thermoelastic theories are obtained from the present general formula. The governing equations of the present model are obtained. To move the system into a space state, the Laplace transform is used. The inverse of the Laplace transform is also used with Tzuo’s method to solve the problem. As a result, the field quantities are obtained numerically, and the results of the current model are graphically represented with a comparison to two different theories of thermoelasticity. The effects of various parameters on thermomechanical waves through the skin tissue are analyzed. The theory notes a vibrational behavior in heat transfer and a different effect on the parameters discussed in this article.
Najat Magouh, Lahcen Azrar, and Khaled Alnefaie
Elsevier BV
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh and Khaled A. Alnefaie
World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd
A mathematical theory was developed to simulate how magnetic force causes hybrid nanopowder to move through space. This numerical approach was created by combining the FEM and FVM, and triangular elements were used to create the grid. Iron oxide and MWCNT mixture were dispersed in water, and the hybrid nanomaterial’s properties were assessed using earlier empirical formulas. Gravity force can participate in the phenomena because there is a hot, wavy wall on the bottom side. Radiation flux impact was added, and different permeability spaces were used. A counterclockwise eddy is formed inside the domain as an output of gravity force and with the increase of Da, it divides into two vortexes. Additionally, increasing Da causes about a 75% increase in eddy power and increases iso-temperature distortions. The velocity decreases by between 82.5% and 90% as Lorentz terms are considered for flow equations, depending on the amount of Da. When Ra is taken into account at [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], Nu increases by about 27.75%. When [Formula: see text], Nu increases by about 10.59% as permeability increases. With the use of MHD, Nu decreases by 43.26% when Ra and permeability are at their highest points.
Adnan I. Khdair, Ahmed B. Khoshaim, and Khaled A. Alnefaie
Laser Institute of America
Kotha Gangadhar, Manda Aruna Kumari, M. Venkata Subba Rao, Khaled Alnefaie, Ilyas Khan, and Mulugeta Andualem
Hindawi Limited
The flow of Burgers’ fluid in the magnetic field new mathematical modeling is introduced in this article which is heated convectively and maintained. The thermal energy transport aspects are examined by employing the space- and temperature-related heat source. In the present investigation, the homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions will present the features of scrutiny of the fluid concentration. For the purpose of dimensionless similarity transformations, ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are utilized practically. Developed ODEs are solved by introducing the concepts of Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg’s fourth-fifth method. The graphs show the pertinent outcome. The relaxation time parameter is exhibited by diminishing the thermal distribution of Burgers’ fluid property, and this will depend on the relaxation time factor. Biot number and retardation time factor behaviors are analyzed by opposing the behavior of the material factor of Burgers’ fluid. The response of homogeneous strength is deteriorated by the concentration rate of the fluid, and this will augment the data using the heterogeneous response with greater magnitude. By using already published studies, it is investigated that the present investigation is validated.
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh, Saleh Khorasani, Hakan F. Oztop, and Khalid A. Alnefaie
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
In the present study, a pyramid-shaped solar panel as a novel design of a photovoltaic (PV) panel is simulated. The simulation process was performed by means of an open source CFD software (Open foam, Version 2.3.1). Also, the Bouyant Boussinesq Pimple Foam solver was used in this study. In this study, four PVs were fabricated in the form of pyramid-shaped construction with trapdoors at the bottom and topsides which were assumed as the inlet and outlet of the coolant air, respectively. The flow was considered to be steady. The inlet velocity is chosen as a governor parameter on heat and fluid flow. Three inlet velocities of 0.01 ms−1, 0.1 ms−1, and 1 ms−1 with constant inlet temperature of 293 K were considered to check the effect of inlet velocity on the cooling of the PVs. For each air velocity, three different heat flux values of 250, 500, and 750 Wm−2 were considered to simulate the effect of different time periods of the day. The results presented that by the increment of air mass flow rate, the flow patterns of air flow change from buoyancy induced flow to forced flow causing to creation of small vortices at the corners of the pyramid which result in augmentation of heat transfer coefficients in this regions. The increment of the inlet air velocity increases the heat transfer coefficient up to 1.9 times which leads in reduction of backside temperature of the PVs. It was found that the increment of air velocity could lead in up to 29% reduction in the backside temperature difference. When the inlet velocity of air stream was equal to 1 ms−1, the backside temperature of the panel faced 42 K lower temperature than that associated with the inlet velocity of 0.01 ms−1.
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh, Abdulmalik A. Aljinaidi, Mohamed A. Eltaher, Khalid H. Almitani, Khaled A. Alnefaie, Abdullah M. Abusorrah, and Mohammad Reza Safaei
MDPI AG
The current article presents the entropy formation and heat transfer of the steady Prandtl-Eyring nanofluids (P-ENF). Heat transfer and flow of P-ENF are analyzed when nanofluid is passed to the hot and slippery surface. The study also investigates the effects of radiative heat flux, variable thermal conductivity, the material’s porosity, and the morphologies of nano-solid particles. Flow equations are defined utilizing partial differential equations (PDEs). Necessary transformations are employed to convert the formulae into ordinary differential equations. The implicit finite difference method (I-FDM) is used to find approximate solutions to ordinary differential equations. Two types of nano-solid particles, aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and copper (Cu), are examined using engine oil (EO) as working fluid. Graphical plots are used to depict the crucial outcomes regarding drag force, entropy measurement, temperature, Nusselt number, and flow. According to the study, there is a solid and aggressive increase in the heat transfer rate of P-ENF Cu-EO than Al2O3-EO. An increment in the size of nanoparticles resulted in enhancing the entropy of the model. The Prandtl-Eyring parameter and modified radiative flow show the same impact on the radiative field.
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh, Radi A. Alsulami, Muhyaddin J.H. Rawa, Abdulmalik A. Aljinaidi, Mashhour A. Alazwari, Mohamed A. Eltaher, Khalid H. Almitani, Khaled A. Alnefaie, Abdullah M. Abusorrah, Hatem F. Sindi,et al.
Elsevier BV
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh, Hakan F. Oztop, Khalid A. Alnefaie, Ali Ahmadian, and Dumitru Baleanu
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
In this study, turbulent flow and heat transfer of water in a solar collector equipped with corrugated booster reflectors to apply in cooling photovoltaic cells (PV) are investigated. 3D simulation is done using by the control volume method and SIMPLEC algorithm. The optimization was carried out by comparison of different parameters to reach the optimal situation with the maximum efficiencies of energy and exergy. It is established that in the case of corrugated booster reflectors, the temperature of outlet fluid and efficiencies of energy and exergy are more. In general, while the trend of variation of exergy efficacy with impressive parameters is increasing, using the mixers precipitate the efficacy increment. Furthermore, for the case that the trend of variation of exergy efficacy with altering these parameters is reducing, the reducing trend gets slow. Finally, it is realized that using corrugated booster reflectors have a significant effect on collector efficacy, and the highest exergy efficacy was obtained for the 50° corrugations. At Re = 6800, the maximum Nusselt number achieves and it is about 6.03. Finally, using an artificial neural network, the output parameters were navigated with acceptable accuracy. For 76.6% of the data points, the margin of deviation (MOD) was < 1%, and for the rest, the maximum MOD was 2%.
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh, Radi A. Alsulami, Abdulmalik A. Aljinaidi, Mashhour A. Alazwari, Mohamed A. Eltaher, Khalid H. Almitani, Khaled A. Alnefaie, Muhyaddin J.H. Rawa, Abdullah M. Abusorrah, Hatem F. Sindi,et al.
Elsevier BV
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh, Elias M. Salilih, Radi A. Alsulami, Muhyaddin J.H. Rawa, Abdulmalik A. Aljinaidi, Mashhour A. Alazwari, Mohamed A. Eltaher, Khalid H. Almitani, Hani A. Abulkhair, Khaled A. Alnefaie,et al.
Elsevier BV
Elias M. Salilih, Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh, Radi A. Alsulami, Muhyaddin J.H. Rawa, Abdulmalik A. Aljinaidi, Mashhour A. Alazwari, Mohamed A. Eltaher, Khalid H. Almitani, Khaled A. Alnefaie, Abdullah M. Abusorrah,et al.
Elsevier BV
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh, Hakan F. Oztop, Khalid A. Alnefaie, and Makatar Wae-hayee
Elsevier BV
Abstract Present study provides a numerical simulation with experimental validation of the modified spiral piping system employed in solar ponds. The most important part of the solar ponds that plays a key role in its performance is its piping system, which has not been considered appropriately so far. To enrich this field, grooving the wall of the spiral piping system (which is considered to be placed at the lower convective zone (LCZ)) was adopted as an improvement mechanism. It is worth mentioning that in this innovative modification technique grooves were made in an annular form on the wall of spiral pipe with various spacing. Although made changes increases the extraction of heat from pond, it intensifies irreversibility to some extent. Therefore, various decisive parameters including distance between the grooves, depth of grooves, flow rate, fluid type, and inlet temperature (Pr) were considered to explore their contribution to entropy generation. Moreover, to find out which of Nu∗ (or Q) or S’gen outweighs the other one, the effect of said parameters analyzed based on the multi-criteria design concepts like η W − S and NH. Three different working fluid including water, ethylene-glycol, and therminol-55 were used at different inlet temperatures (283K, 303 K, and 323 K) to cover a Pr range of 3.35–744. The obtained results show that with increment of flow rate and the depth of grooves also decreasing the pitch of grooves increases entropy generation. The maximum increment of NH is about 26% when the depth of grooves is the highest and the pitch of grooves is the lowest. Results proved that, therminol-55 and ethylene-glycol are recommended when the inlet temperature goes up. The overall performance of solar pond is in a most desirable condition when η W − S = 0.125 .
Nidal H Abu-Hamdeh and Khalid A Alnefaie
SAGE Publications
A solar tri-generation system comprises of photovoltaic thermal collectors that are used for the production of electrical power and domestic hot water simultaneously. This study presents the performance analysis of a micro-solar tri-generation system that fulfills the requirements of an off-grid single-family lodging. The main functions of this system include domestic hot water, electrical power, and cooling power production. A set of five photovoltaic thermal panels were modeled together. The electrical power generated was stored in a battery, while the hot water generated was passed through a flow diverting valve. This valve directed some of the hot water to an absorption chiller, while the remaining portion was sent to an insulated thermal storage tank for later use. Energy and exergy analyses were performed to evaluate the extracted energy’s quality and efficiency. The overall thermal energy efficiency achieved was 50.53%. The extracted energy in the form of hot water was 3777.5 W. The electrical power generated was 2984.6 W, which was sufficient for the small single-family lodging. The coefficient of performance of the absorption chiller was found to be 0.6152. The exergy efficiency achieved was 36.88%. The exergy extracted by hot water was 234.3 W, while the electrical exergy generated was 2984.6 W. The exergy extracted during refrigeration was found to be 91.22 W. Furthermore, varying wind speeds and tilt angles affected both the energy and exergy efficiencies. The tilt angle must be kept at less than 45°, and the optimum wind speed was determined to be 35 km/h.
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh, Hakan F. Oztop, and Khalid A. Alnefaie
Elsevier BV
Abstract Applications of mixed convection due to lid-driven cavities can be found in different engineering technologies. A computational study was conducted to explore the effects of different parameters on mixed convection in a porous media filled lid-driven cavity with one side opening in the presence of heat generation. The cavity has a flush mounted heater on its bottom wall. The governing equations were solved by developing a computer code by using finite volume technique for different parameters as length of heater (1/5, 2/5, 4/5), Richardson number (0.1, 1, 10) and Darcy number (0.1, 0.01, 0.001). It is found that heat transfer and flow field inside the cavity is so complex due to moving lid, open side wall and heater. Heat transfer increases with increasing of Grashof numbers, heater length and decreased with Darcy numbers.
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh and Khaled A. Alnefaie
AIP Publishing
In this paper, four alternatives used to supply electrical energy were compared economically, a photovoltaic system, wind turbine system, small experimental solar power tower system, and diesel generator. The annualized life cycle cost, life cycle cost, and energy production cost were utilized as dynamic indicators to estimate the economic-effectiveness of these systems. The cost of energy was $2.98/kWh, $1.19/kWh, $1.18/kWh, and $1.06/kWh for the wind turbine system, diesel generator system, solar power tower system, and photovoltaic system, respectively. Different hybrid system combinations were investigated. The impact evaluation of various hybrid system combinations on the cost of energy production and energy index of reliability was carried out by utilizing the technique of multivariable linear regression. The best performing combination was distinguished based on a compromise between the impact on the cost of production and the energy index of reliability for the hybrid combination by implementing the analytical hierarchy process technique. The concept of particle swarm optimization is discussed herein. Particle swarm optimization programming codes in the MATLAB environment were created and solved successfully. The results obtained from the algorithm of particle swarm optimization were used to verify the authenticity of the results obtained from the analytical hierarchy process technique. The results indicate that the combination photovoltaic/diesel has the best fit between the impact on the cost of production and the energy index of reliability of the hybrid alternative; hence, it is the best alternative for supplying the needed electricity to the loads in the compound.In this paper, four alternatives used to supply electrical energy were compared economically, a photovoltaic system, wind turbine system, small experimental solar power tower system, and diesel generator. The annualized life cycle cost, life cycle cost, and energy production cost were utilized as dynamic indicators to estimate the economic-effectiveness of these systems. The cost of energy was $2.98/kWh, $1.19/kWh, $1.18/kWh, and $1.06/kWh for the wind turbine system, diesel generator system, solar power tower system, and photovoltaic system, respectively. Different hybrid system combinations were investigated. The impact evaluation of various hybrid system combinations on the cost of energy production and energy index of reliability was carried out by utilizing the technique of multivariable linear regression. The best performing combination was distinguished based on a compromise between the impact on the cost of production and the energy index of reliability for the hybrid combination by implementing t...
Nidal Abu-Hamdeh and Khaled Alnefaie
Informa UK Limited
ABSTRACT This study presents a techno-economic comparison of four alternatives (experimental prototype of concentrating solar power tower system, photovoltaic (PV) system, collapsible vertical axis wind turbine and diesel generator) to supply electrical energy for a small compound of buildings. Among the services needed in the compound are the provision of an adequate drinking water, health centre for immunization purposes, and learning centre. The result of this study shows that the amount of electrical energy needed to meet the basic power requirements is 7.3 kWh/day. Detailed analysis and design requirements of the four alternatives are presented. Dynamic indicators (life cycle cost, annualized life cycle cost and cost of energy production) were applied to evaluate the economic-effectiveness of these energy supply systems. The cost of energy was $1.06/kWh, $1.18/kWh, $1.19/kWh and $2.98/kWh for the PV system, solar power tower system, diesel generator system and wind turbine system, respectively. Providing electricity to the compound buildings using solar power tower and PV systems is very beneficial and competitive among the other types of energy sources.
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh and Khaled A. Alnefaie
Elsevier BV
Abstract This article demonstrates the feasibility of using a phase change material (PCM) in a solar stove for storing energy. The PCM is a material that is able of absorbing and liberating great amounts of energy upon solidification and melting due to its superior latent heat storage capability. In this study, small capsules, used as PCM storage units in the solar stove, were constructed from aluminum and tested for solar energy storage during shiny days. The capsules were placed in a receiver of a parabolic reflector to absorb heat from the reflected sunlight of the parabolic reflector, which was stored as latent heat in the PCM. Acetamide of commercial grade was used as the material for latent heat storage. The solar stove with the PCM storage units had been experimentally tested. The thermal performance was analyzed during idle condition of the fan and at three rates of air flow. The temperature of the PCM capsules decreased rapidly during the first few minutes as the temperature of cooking pan increased at the same rate, and then the two temperatures matched and decreased slowly. The rate of change was higher with increasing air flow rate. Energy effectiveness between the PCM tubes and air flow increased with increasing air flow rate. The results supply significant information to design a prototype of solar stove provided with a good thermal performance material utilized for storing thermal energy.
H. Chouiyakh, L. Azrar, K. Alnefaie, and O. Akourri
EDP Sciences
Fatih Bayrak, Nidal Abu-Hamdeh, Khaled A. Alnefaie, and Hakan F. Öztop
Elsevier BV
The increasing installed area of solar technologies around the world gives us an idea about the unlimited potential available in solar energy. Solar light and thermal energy can provide sufficient electricity needed in daily life. In additionally, photovoltaics, photovoltaic/thermal, concentration photovoltaic, concentration solar power and solar thermoelectric have been developing for energy conversion. The main aim of the present study is to make comprehensively review on exergy analysis and performance assessment of a wide range of solar electricity production. Exergy can be used to assess and improve energy systems, and can help better understand the benefits of utilizing green energy by providing more useful and meaningful information than energy provides. After that the studied systems are exergetically analyzed and evaluated solar electricity includes photovoltaics (PVs) and hybrid (PV/Twater or PV/Tair) solar collectors. The advantages and disadvantages of these systems will be presented on exergy concept. The CSP systems, the systems with nanofluid and PCM were exhibited.