Agus Nugroho
@brin.go.id
Research Center for Composite and Biomaterials
National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)
Agus Nugroho, Ph,D. is an expert in tribology, nanolubricants, and sustainable biolubricant development, focusing on nanomaterial surface modification, heat transfer enhancement, HVAC system application, and eco-friendly lubrication systems. His research bridges mechanical engineering, materials science, and nanotechnology to advance high-performance and sustainable industrial applications.
EDUCATION
Bachelor - Machenical Engineering Education - Automotive Major
Master - Master of Engineering - Materials Science and Engineering Major
Doctorate - Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering - Advanced Fluids
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Mechanical Engineering, Automotive Engineering, Multidisciplinary, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
FUTURE PROJECTS
Formulation of a palm olein-based biolubricant enriched with hybrid nanoparticles (e.g., TiO₂ + SiO₂ or TiO₂ + MoS₂), incorporating nanoparticle surface modification and advanced dispersion techniques
This study proposes the formulation of a palm olein-based biolubricant enriched with hybrid nanoparticles (e.g., TiO₂ + SiO₂ or TiO₂ + MoS₂). The approach involves nanoparticle surface modification and advanced dispersion techniques to enhance oxidative stability, viscosity index, load-carrying capacity, and to reduce friction and wear in small motorcycle engines. The primary objectives are: (1) to improve tribological performance (coefficient of friction and wear) under typical motorcycle operating conditions; (2) to enhance the oxidative stability and service temperature range of palm olein through chemical treatments such as esterification, epoxidation, or polyol esterification combined with nanoparticle incorporation; and (3) to develop an additive package and dispersion protocol that are compatible with engine seal and material systems. The expected outcome is a sustainable and high-performance hybrid nano-biolubricant suitable for motorcycle applications, combining environmenta
Applications Invited
PhD Student
Biocompatible Hybrid Nano-Biolubricant as an Artificial Synovial Fluid Substitute for Osteoarthritic Knee Joints
The knee joint is a complex articulation comprising the femur, tibia, fibula, patella, cartilage, meniscus, and synovial membrane, which rely on synovial fluid for effective lubrication and wear protection. Degenerative conditions such as osteoarthritis lead to the depletion or degradation of this natural lubricant, resulting in increased friction, wear, and joint discomfort. This study aims to develop a bioinspired nano-biolubricant designed to replicate and enhance the natural lubricating functions of synovial fluid. The proposed formulation utilizes biocompatible and biodegradable base materials such as seaweed- or palm-derived esters combined with functionalized nanoparticles (e.g., TiO₂, and or SiO₂) to achieve superior boundary & hydrodynamic lubrication. Surface modification and dispersion engineering are employed to ensure nanoparticle stability and compatibility with biological environments. Comprehensive evaluations—including tribological performance & Simulated Body Fluids.
Applications Invited
PhD Student
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Agus Nugroho, Sonny Kristianto, Prabowo Puranto, Mohd Fairussham Ghazali, Rizalman Mamat, Zhang Bo, Mazian Mohammad, Yayat Iman Supriyatna, Wimbuh Tri Widodo, Rury Eryna Putri,et al.
Elsevier BV
Kusuma Putri Suwondo, Muhammad Kozin, Rima Angellina, Yulia Elfena, Diah Ayu Fitriani, Agus Nugroho, Adita Wardani Rahmania, Erie Martides, Muhammad Prisla Kamil, and Prabowo Puranto
Elsevier BV
Agus Nugroho, Sarbani Daud, Prabowo Puranto, Rizalman Mamat, Zhang Bo, and Mohd Fairusham Ghazali
Elsevier BV
Muna E. Raypah, Mohd Faizal Jamlos, Agus Nugroho, Hajar Fauzan Ahmad, Muhammad Kozin, and Venugopal Balakrishnan
Wiley
AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study aimed to develop a simple and eco‐friendly method for synthesizing fluorescent and stable carbon dots (CDs) using natural precursors. A one‐step hydrothermal approach was employed using a mixture of lemon and ginger juice as the carbon source. The resulting CDs were characterized to evaluate their structural, optical, and biocompatibility properties for potential biomedical and sensing applications.RESULTSTransmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed that the CDs had a quasi‐spherical morphology with an average particle size of 9.797 ± 1.87 nm. The CDs exhibited a fluorescence quantum yield of 27.7% and an excitation‐dependent emission, with maximum excitation and emission wavelengths at 400 and 480 nm, respectively. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the amorphous nature of the CDs, showing a characteristic peak at 28.61°. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) identified abundant hydroxyl, carboxyl, and carbonyl functional groups on the surface of CDs. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis determined a hydrodynamic size of 47.7 ± 15.57 nm and a zeta potential of −13.88 ± 1.73 mV, indicating good dispersion and surface charge stability in aqueous solutions. The thermal and structural characterization of the synthesized CDs using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) confirmed their stability, phase transition behavior, and mesoporous nature. The CDs demonstrated excellent stability for several months under ambient conditions without showing turbidity or precipitation. Cytotoxicity assay on HeLa and MCF‐7 cell lines confirmed high cell viability ≥86%, indicating low toxicity and good biocompatibility.CONCLUSIONThe successful synthesis of fluorescent CDs from a mixture of lemon and ginger juices provides a green and sustainable approach to nanomaterial development. Their stability, low toxicity, and favorable optical properties make them promising candidates for bioimaging, drug delivery, and biosensing applications. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Agus Nugroho, Zhang Bo, Rizalman Mamat, Prabowo Puranto, Mohd Fairusham Ghazali, Yayat Iman Supriyatna, Siti Yubaidah, and Rizqon Fajar
Elsevier BV
Muna E. Raypah, Mohd Faizal Jamlos, Jelena Muncan, Ku Muhammad Naim Ku Khalif, Sarah Atifah Saruchi, Munira Mohd Ali, Chin Sim Yee, Agus Nugroho, and Prabowo Puranto
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Sharif Mohd Zaki, Mohd Syafiq Abd Aziz, Mohd Farid Ismail, Mohd Fadzli Abdollah, Anwar Ilmar Ramadhan, and Agus Nugroho
Akademia Baru Publishing
Refrigeration systems are integral to industries like food preservation, industrial processes, and air conditioning. As the demand for energy-efficient and environmentally friendly solutions grows, refrigeration lubricants have become crucial for improving system performance. However, selecting the right lubricant remains challenging due to the varying operating conditions in modern systems. This paper reviews the key properties of refrigeration lubricants, such as thermal stability, viscosity, chemical compatibility, and wear protection, which significantly influence system efficiency. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of both traditional and synthetic lubricants, particularly focusing on their compatibility with low-global-warming-potential (GWP) refrigerants and the impact of nanoparticles on lubricant performance. A comparative analysis of mineral oils and synthetic lubricants like polyol ester (POE), polyalkylene glycol (PAG), and polyvinyl ether (PVE) was conducted. Methods include a review of existing literature and performance data on lubricant-refrigerant compatibility, thermal stability tests, and the inclusion of nanoparticles to enhance lubricant properties. Results indicate that synthetic lubricants, which now account for over 50% of usage in refrigeration system, exhibit up to 30% better thermal stability and 25% improved chemical resistance compared to mineral oils. Nanoparticles, such as SiO2 and TiO2, were found to improve thermal conductivity by 10-15%, significantly enhancing system efficiency. The study concludes that selecting appropriate synthetic lubricants and incorporating nanoparticles can substantially improve the performance and sustainability of modern refrigeration systems.
Kusuma Putri Suwondo, Diah Ayu Fitriani, Siti Amalina Azahra, Agus Nugroho, Putri Sayyida Ashfiya, Muhammad Kozin, Prabowo Puranto, and Muhammad Prisla Kamil
Elsevier BV
Salit Mohd Sapuan, Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas, Agus Nugroho, and Lakshminarasimhan Rajeshkumar
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Abstract Composite materials are tailor-made materials that constitute matrix and fiber-based reinforcements that are collectively bonded to obtain a material that possesses a combination of properties of both the precursor materials. The current article reviews the wide composite materials processes; furthermore, when it comes to manufacturing composites, cost is a very influential factor. The manufacture of composites is not cheap. The processes require resources, infrastructure, and energy. Therefore, energy-saving measures are worthwhile things to research. And said measures are also included in this work. Also present are information regarding existing conventional energy sources as well as potential alternative sources for the composite industry.
Muna E. Raypah, Abdulmutolib O. Olaoye, Hadeel M. Khalaf, Mohd Faizal Jamlos, Ahmad Fairuz Omar, Marzaini Rashid, Agus Nugroho, Muhammad Kozin, and Ruqaya M. Al-Ezzy
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Kusuma Putri Suwondo, Ika Maria Ulfah, Diah Ayu Fitriani, Siti Amalina Azahra, Aghni Ulma Saudi, Agus Nugroho, Putri Sayyida Ashfiya, Muhammad Prisla Kamil, Muhammad Kozin, and Prabowo Puranto
Elsevier BV
Agus Nugroho, Muhammad Kozin, Zhang Bo, Rizalman Mamat, Mohd Fairusham Ghazali, Muhammad Prisla Kamil, Prabowo Puranto, Diah Ayu Fitriani, Siti Amalina Azahra, Kusuma Putri Suwondo,et al.
Elsevier BV
Agus Nugroho, Muhammad Kozin, Rizalman Mamat, Zhang Bo, Mohd Fairusham Ghazali, Muhammad Prisla Kamil, Prabowo Puranto, Diah Ayu Fitriani, Siti Amalina Azahra, Kusuma Putri Suwondo,et al.
Elsevier BV
Galang Sandy Prayogo, Rizalman Mamat, Mohd. Fairusham Ghazali, Agus Nugroho, Muhammad Kozin, and Jackly Muriban
Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang
Many researchers have introduced nanolubricants in the field of refrigeration systems to improve performance. Nevertheless, academic literature lacks comprehensive explanations of the impact of nanoparticles on the physical phenomena that influence the refrigeration system. Several factors such as stability, agglomeration, and distribution can significantly affect the sustainability of performance. Hence, this work provides an analysis of the methods using nanolubricants to improve the performance of refrigeration systems. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the performance parameters of the refrigeration system, including compressor work and coefficient of performance (COP), when utilizing nanolubricants. The study findings suggest that including nanolubricants in the refrigeration system can enhance the heat transfer coefficient. Hence, nanolubricants are identified as the most promising contenders for enhancing the efficiency of the refrigeration system.
Salit Mohd Sapuan, Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas, Agus Nugroho, and Lakshminarasimhan Rajeshkumar
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Abstract Composite materials are tailor-made materials that constitute matrix and fiber-based reinforcements that are collectively bonded to obtain a material that possesses a combination of properties of both the precursor materials. The current article reviews the wide composite materials processes; furthermore, when it comes to manufacturing composites, cost is a very influential factor. The manufacture of composites is not cheap. The processes require resources, infrastructure, and energy. Therefore, energy-saving measures are worthwhile things to research. And said measures are also included in this work. Also present are information regarding existing conventional energy sources as well as potential alternative sources for the composite industry.
A. Nugroho, R. Mamat, J. Xiaoxia, Z. Bo, M.F. Jamlos, and M.F. Ghazali
Elsevier BV
Agus NUGROHO, Rizalman MAMAT, Zhang BO1, Wan HAMZAH AZMI, Talal YUSAF, and Fitri KHOERUNNISA
Kare Publishing
This paper aims to elaborate on the results of the experimental assessment of the stability of TiO2-Polyester (POE) nanolubricant. There are six samples in this investigation, with each concentration of 0.02 vol%. The TiO2 nanoparticles were dispersed into synthetic lubricant POE for 30 min using a magnetic stirrer. Then, the samples were sonicated for 0, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 min, respectively—the visual observation for 720 hours, UV visible spectrophotometry, and absolute zeta potential employed to investigate the samples. After data acquisition, optimization with one factor at a time (OFAT) is applied to determine the most optimum sample. The results show that the sample with sonication treatment for 120 min is the most optimum. This finding was confirmed by the absorbance ratio value of 0.95 with an -80.48mV zeta potential. The output of ANOVA analysis shows the regression coefficient is 0.9999, and the adjusted R2 value is 0.9998 with a p-value that is much smaller than 0.05, which is
Agus Nugroho, Rizalman Mamat, Zhang Bo, Wan Azmi Wan Hamzah, Mohd Fairusham Ghazali, and Talal Yusaf
Springer Nature Singapore
Agus Nugroho, Rizalman Mamat, Zhang Bo, Wan Azmi Wan Hamzah, Mohd Fairusham Ghazali, and Talal Yusaf
Springer Nature Singapore
Agus Nugroho, Rizalman Mamat, Zhang Bo, Wan Azmi Wan Hamzah, Mohd Fairusham Ghazali, and Talal Yusaf
Springer Nature Singapore
Agus Nugroho, Rizalman Mamat, Zhang Bo, Wan Azmi Wan Hamzah, Talal Yusaf, Mohd Fairusham Ghazali, and Fitri Khoerunnisa
Springer Nature Singapore
Agus Nugroho, Rizalman Mamat, Zhang Bo, Wan Azmi Wan Hamzah, Talal Yusaf, Mohd Fairusham Ghazali, and Fitri Khoerunnisa
Springer Nature Singapore
Edi Syafri, Jamaluddin Jamaluddin, Nasmi Herlina Sari, Melbi Mahardika, Lisman Suryanegara, Rafles Sinaga, Ferriawan Yudhanto, Rahadian Zainul, Agus Nugroho, Anish Khan,et al.
Informa UK Limited
Agus Nugroho, Rizalman Mamat, Zhang Bo, W. H. Azmi, Raslan Alenezi, and Gholamhassan Najafi
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Publications
Please visit each identifier (Scopus, WOS, and Google Scholar) above.
GRANT DETAILS
Development of Nano Biolubricants Based on Local Natural Seaweed Resources to Enhance Material Wear Resistance. Rumah Program BRIN research scheme. 2025.
Development of a Co-Deposition Method for Coating Hydroxyapatite and Strontium Nitrate on Stainless Steel 316L with the Addition of Chitosan and Gelatin for Orthopedic Implant Applications. Rumah Program BRIN research scheme. 2025.
Surface Engineering of SS 316L with HAp–Chitosan–Collagen Coating to Enhance Corrosion Resistance, Antibacterial Properties, and Osseointegration for Bone Implant Applications. Rumah Program BRIN research scheme. 2025.
Innovation of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation for Immobilized TiO₂ Photocatalysts: A Sustainable and Scalable Solution for Cr(VI) Electroplating Waste Remediation. RIIM Kompetisi BRIN research scheme. 2026.
RESEARCH OUTPUTS (PATENTS, SOFTWARE, PUBLICATIONS, PRODUCTS)
Method For Synthesizing and Producing Mesoporous Gamma-Alumina (γ-Al₂O₃) Nanoparticles from Aluminum Can Waste for Metal Coating Material. 2024. (Registered Patent).
Synthesis of Seaweed Biolubricant Using the Intermittent Ultrasonication Method as a Base Material for Nano Lubricant in Agricultural Machinery Applications. 2025. (Submitted Patent).
CONSULTANCY
Development of a Predictive Model for Sustainable Machining Solutions with Nanolubrication to Improve Wear and Friction Resistance – PhD Student supervision, Universitas Negeri Malang. 2024-present
Industry, Institute, or Organisation Collaboration
Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA)
Ningxia University
Kuwait University
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP)
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI)
Universitas Negeri Malang (UM)
Gandhi Academy of Technology and Engineering (GATE), India
INDUSTRY EXPERIENCE
Performed non-destructive analysis (NDA) using a Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) approach based on API 653 and API 580/581 standards to evaluate the structural integrity and reliability of fuel storage tanks at Indonesia Power. The work involved assessing corrosion rates, wall thickness loss, weld integrity, and settlement conditions through ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle inspection, and radiographic examination. The inspection results were utilized to develop a risk ranking matrix, optimize maintenance schedules, and ensure compliance with American Petroleum Institute (API) standards for safe and efficient tank operation.
Initiated a nanolubricant development program in collaboration with a local automotive lubricant manufacturer to enhance the performance of conventional engine oils through the incorporation of functionalized nanoparticles such as TiO₂, MoS₂,SiO₂. The initiative focuses on improving engine efficiency, wear resistance, and thermal stability while maintaining compatibility with existing base oils and additive packages. Key activities include formulation design, dispersion stability optimization, tribological testing, and engine bench trials. This collaboration aims to accelerate the commercial adoption of nanolubricant technology in the local automotive sector, supporting energy efficiency and sustainable mobility solutions in Indonesia.
STARTUP
This startup aims to commercialize next-generation nano-biolubricants engineered from renewable bio-oils such as palm olein or seaweed-derived lipids, enhanced with functionalized nanoparticles (e.g., TiO₂, MoS₂, or h-BN). The innovation focuses on delivering superior lubrication, heat dissipation, and energy efficiency for both industrial systems (gearboxes, compressors, CNC machines) and home appliances (refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, and fans). By applying nanotribology and dispersion engineering, the nano-biolubricants exhibit enhanced thermal stability, wear resistance, and oxidation durability compared to conventional mineral-based oils. These lubricants are biodegradable, non-toxic, and compatible with metal and polymer components, aligning with global sustainability goals and green manufacturing standards. The business model integrates R&D-driven customization, offering tailored formulations for specific machinery, along with a smart IoT monitoring system that tracks lubricant health and replacement intervals. The expected outcome is a line of eco-efficient nano-biolubricant products that reduce energy consumption, extend equipment lifespan, and minimize waste oil generation. This startup bridges green nanotechnology and smart lubrication systems, addressing both environmental challenges and industrial performance needs in the era of sustainable innovation.
SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, or ACADEMIC BENEFITS
The development of nanolubricants and nano-biolubricants offers substantial social, economic, and academic benefits through enhanced energy efficiency, reduced environmental impact, and the advancement of scientific innovation. By minimizing friction, wear, and energy losses, these lubricants extend machinery lifespan and lower operational costs across automotive and industrial sectors.
Economically, utilizing locally sourced bio-based materials such as palm oil and seaweed-derived esters strengthens domestic value chains, reduces reliance on imported petroleum lubricants, and stimulates green manufacturing and innovation ecosystems. Socially, the research supports environmental sustainability, decreases carbon emissions, and promotes the use of biodegradable and non-toxic materials, ensuring safer and cleaner technologies.
Academically, this research contributes to scientific advancement in tribology, nanomaterials, and green engineering, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and generating high-impact publications, patents, and educational opportunities. It also serves as a platform for capacity building among students and researchers, enhancing national expertise in sustainable nanotechnology and tribological science. Collectively, these impacts position nanolubricant research as a key driver for sustainable industrial transformation and academic excellence in the emerging field of eco-tribology.