Manoj Kumar Karnena
@gitam.edu
Researcher and Teaching Assistant
GITAM University
Manoj Kumar Karnena received the B.S. degree in Environmental Science and the M.S. degree in Environmental science from GITAM (Deemed to be) University, India. Later, he pursued his Ph.D. in Water and Waste Water treatment at the same institution. He was the university topper and gold medalist in bachelors and post-graduation. He holds an Environmental Law degree from National Law University, Delhi, and Industrial Safety Degree from Annamalai University, Tamilnadu. Since 2019, he has been working as a teaching assistant with the Department of Environmental Science, GITAM Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, India. His greatest strengths are his research and communication skills. He started teaching and working in technical work in 2019 in various backgrounds. Manoj Kumar Karnena has written more than 50 papers since he started writing in 2017. He has written several book chapters and books on the topic within his research interest and holds two patents. His research i
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Water and Wastewater Treatment, Natural Coagulants, Nanocatalysis, Storage Technologies, and membrane technology.
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Madhavi Konni, Bhavya Kavitha Dwarapureddi, and Manoj Kumar Karnena
CRC Press
Madhavi Konni and Manoj Kumar Karnena
CRC Press
A.Ganapathi Rao, V.Pavan Kumari, and Manoj Kumar Karnena
ANSF Publications
Electrospun nanofiber membranes and nanocomposites for water treatment is an emerging concept growing faster in science, gaining more prominence among various scientists, and creating attention to improve water quality. The familiarity with fabricating these materials is increased, and researchers worldwide target more nanomaterial manufacturing and synthesis for several applications. The electrospinning process for nanofibers' preparation allows polymers to incorporate various functionalized materials. Scientists have recently proposed electrospun membranes using fluorinated compounds and polymers with hydrocarbons. The membranes prepared by the electrospun nanofiber to purify water created a primary research axis, and various laboratory experiments proved efficient. In recent years, the usage of fuzzy analysis in industries has increased, and these logics are applied in every unit process of the water industry. The present review primarily discusses the recent pressurized electrospun membrane technologies utilized in the water industries and machine learning methods that can be applied in the water industries. Further, it suggests a new novel way of integrating options to connect the fuzzy with water treatment to enhance the electrospun nanofiber prospects in the water industry. Implementing these fuzzy models in future by water industries might reduce maintenance costs and help in understanding the characteristics of the effluent quality in detail.
Madhavi Konni, Manoj Kumar Karnena, and Saratchandra Babu Mukkamala
Elsevier BV
Irrinki Hemalatha, Dakamari Harika, and Manoj Kumar Karnena
Technoscience Publications
Due to the widespread adoption of conventional approaches for the remediation of contaminated soils, these techniques have become more well-known in the literature. However, these methods have both advantages and disadvantages. Integrating traditional degradation technologies with Nano-technology might be the right solution for removing toxicants from the environment to overcome these problems. Nano bioremediation is a new technique that has gained prominence in recent years among many researchers worldwide. These techniques aim to remove the contaminants’ concentration and minimize their impacts on the environment. The integrated approaches benefit bioremediation and nanotechnology to remove the pollutants more efficiently within less time in an eco-friendly manner than individual processes. The current review provides insights into nanotechnology and different kinds of nanomaterials that have been reported in eliminating pollutants from the environment. Further, the mechanism and challenges with nano bioremediation were explained in detail.
Manoj Kumar Karnena and Vara Saritha
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
AbstractCoagulation is an essential and easy process to treat water and wastewater and also to adopt for point of use solutions. Coagulants have played a significant role in providing safe and potable water. Nevertheless, the ill effects of chemical coagulants, such as health effects and substantial sludge quantities, cannot be ignored. Under given conditions, the search for alternative coagulants has been the need of the hour, and researchers have presented those natural coagulants are promising alternatives. The exploration and evaluation of plant-based coagulants have shown that these are fit to substitute chemical coagulants sustainably. Previous studies have presented the efficacy of various coagulants but could not fill in the gap existing in terms of a cumulative database of natural coagulants. In these lines, the focus of the current review is to present the history of natural coagulants, the science involved and studies carried out to evaluate them at different levels. Furthermore, a cumulative database of 57 natural coagulants with their efficacy in removing impurities from raw water is presented.
Madhavi Konni, Madhuri Pulavarthi, and Manoj Kumar Karnena
IGI Global
Developing countries like India are adopting new construction techniques for waste minimisation and practices due to the stringent rules and regulations from the past few years. However, some construction industries continuously fail to adopt and understand the legislation to minimise the limited use of natural resources. Recycling the construction waste during the construction phases is the new method currently adopted by the construction industries to reduce the waste. The current review attempts to identify the list of the techniques available for the minimization of waste in construction. Further, the authors have listed the various sources of waste generation in the construction industries and how the countries deal with the current waste.
Vara Saritha, Manoj Kumar Karnena, Madhavi Konni, and Bhavya Kavitha Dwarapureddi
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
<p>The article entitled “Natural Organic Matter (NOM) Transformations and their Effects on Water Treatment Process: A Contemporary Review”, by Karnena et al., published in Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering) 2021; 14(5). https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2405520415666211229101553 has been retracted on a complaint of plagiarism with a previously published article entitled “Natural organic matter-cations complexation and its impact on water treatment: A critical review” in the journal Water Research 2019, 160, 130-147. 10.1016/j.watres.2019.05.064. </p><p> The authors were notified of the complaint and were requested to provide justification in their defense. However, they have not responded in this regard. </p><p> Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused. </p><p> The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Retraction can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php. </p><p> BENTHAM SCIENCE DISCLAIMER: </p><p> It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.</p>
Manoj Kumar Karnena, Madhavi Konni, Bhavya Kavitha Dwarapureddi, Yalakala Satyanarayana, and Vara Saritha
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
AbstractQuality of water, along Mandal headquarters of a coastal district of Andhra Pradesh, India, was assessed prior to and past rainfall season to determine water's acceptability for consumption using water quality index (WQI). The present work involved collecting groundwater samples from Mandal headquarters' locations present in the entire district. All the samples were analysed in a comprehensive way for ten physicochemical parameters, including pH, magnesium, calcium, chloride, sulphate, nitrates, total dissolved solids, fluoride, potassium, and sodium. The geographical information system was used for mapping sampling sites. The coordinates of sample collection areas were recorded employing GPS. Correlation matrices for cation–anion were illustrated and from the qualitative results of the samples. Results indicate that WQI prior and past-rainfall seasons ranged from 37.53 to 312.46; 42.04 to 211.89 in 2016, while for 2017, these were in the range of 25.01 to 137.06; 30.06 to 228.83. The present study's WQI values indicate that the water samples possess poor quality, and no fluoride contaminations were observed. The analysis suggests appropriate treatment of sub-surface water from the study site before consumption.
Manoj Kumar Karnena, Madhavi Konni, Bhavya Kavitha Dwarapureddi, and Vara Saritha
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
AbstractDependency on sea food has increased owing to its nutrition as well as being complete food. As the production of seafood is enhanced through aquaculture, wastewater release has also improved. The composition of wastewater from aquaculture production has been a concern as it has oil and grease, organic content, etc., which makes its treatment challenging. The present study aims at treating aquaculture wastewater using two natural coagulants—chitin and seeds of Moringa oleifera. The efficiency of the natural coagulants was compared against inorganic chemical coagulant ferric chloride. A blended coagulant with two natural coagulants seeds of Moringa oleifera and chitin was also tested. Jar test apparatus was used in the current experiments, and four coagulant doses were tested against 3 pH ranges, from 6 to 8. The study results showed that the coagulants showed a 30–50% reduction in various physicochemical parameters. Further, the most promising result was obtained with the blended coagulants (di-blend) with 70–81% removal of total nitrogen and total phosphorus and the highest reduction of chloride with 95%. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed functionalized groups responsible for coagulation, and X-ray powder diffraction analysis of the blended coagulant indicated the crystallinity and amorphous nature of the compounds. Scanning electron microscope analysis presented a firm and dense structure indicating adsorption of impurities onto the coagulant. Thus, it is evident that natural coagulants can be the solution for the challenges of aquaculture wastewater and specifically the di-blend used in the present is ascertained to be a promising solution.
Madhavi Konni, Bhavya Kavitha Dwarapureddi, and Manoj Kumar Karnena
Springer International Publishing
Manoj Kumar Karnena, Bhavya Kavitha Dwarapureddi, and Vara Saritha
Elsevier BV
Manoj Kumar Karnena and Vara Saritha
IGI Global
Natural resources like water are finite and we are only the current custodians of resources which we hold in reserve for future generations. The fact is that man cannot survive even for a few days without water illustrates that we must have several litres of water every day just to maintain essential chemical balances in tissue and blood to control body temperature and to allow the elimination of toxic wastes from metabolism. Human blood is 95 per cent water, bones are 22 per cent water and the human brain is 75 per cent water. Drinking water should contain minimum levels of certain essential minerals. The present study focused on analysing mineral content in bottled and RO treated water and compared the results with reference to the dietary daily and standards laid by various statutory bodies and study revealed that the mineral content of the tested water samples does not provide daily dietary intake and thus consumers should select water for consumption wisely since this data has a great general public health significance.
Manoj Kumar Karnena and Vara Saritha
Elsevier BV
A. Ganapathi Rao, V. Pavan Kumari, and Manoj Kumar Karnena
ANSF Publications
Groundwater is a vital resource for the drinking water supply to the people in the areas residing in the coastal zones. Rapid industrialization increased the human population, and anthropogenic activities led to groundwater pollution. The water quality should be continuously monitored to analyse the suitability of the water, and it is only possible by the water quality index. In the current study, we attempted to determine the groundwater quality of the Mandal headquarters of the coastal zones of the Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh, by using the water quality index (WQi) considering the parameters pH, Electrical conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Hardness, calcium and magnesium, potassium, and sodium, human health assessment tool, and multivariate statistical analysis. The results found that the WQi of the coastal zones ranged from 49.6 to 361.7, and in the post-monsoon season, the Etcherla Mandal station water was not advisable for drinking. Human health risk assessment showed that children in these sampling stations are more prone to the non-carcinogenic health risks associated with nitrate pollution. Proper reduction measures in the sampling areas must be taken to depreciate nitrate and seepage into the groundwater. Piper plots and correlation matrices showed the anion-cation interaction, and the principal component analyzed and showed the pollution sources. The current study concluded that anthropogenic activities continuously deteriorate groundwater quality, indirect saltwater intrusion was identified, and groundwater treatment is necessary before consumption.
Madhavi Konni, Bhavya Kavitha Dwarapureddi, Swathi Dash, Aman Raj, and Manoj Kumar Karnena
ANSF Publications
Due to rapid urbanization and industrialization, water demand has increased worldwide. The availability of potable water is becoming more difficult in the global scenario. Hazardous pollution disposal by the industries to the nearest stream and search for the facile environmentally friendly technologies capable of treating these pollutants become more challenging. Effluent disposal consisting of the dyes without proper pre-treatment adversely affects the aquatic life and ecological system as they are carcinogenic and highly toxic. Dyes in the water are becoming a significant problem in the current scenario and attracted many researchers to research the current topic. Even though the conventional treatment options are available for treating polluted water, still they are not enough for the demand and supply. Thus, new state-of-the-art technologies are required to meet the demand and supply. Titanium dioxide nanofibers synthesized by electrospinning techniques have proven to be new nanomaterials gaining prominence in science. Several researchers are using these fibres by fabricating them into a thin film for pollutant removal and water treatment. They are gaining much importance as they perform best in treating water containing both organic and inorganic loads. The present review provides insights into the background and the origin of the electrospun nanofibers and preparation mechanisms. Further, we identified 25 widely used titanium dioxide electrospun nanofibers with various combinations in removing the dyes from the aqueous medium.
Manoj Kumar Karnena, Madhavi Konni, Bhavya Kavitha Dwarapureddi, and Vara Saritha
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Abstract: One of the several significant concerns related to water treatment plants is the transformation of natural organic matter (NOM) concerning quality and quantity due to the changing climatic conditions. The NOM consists of heterogeneous functionalized groups. Phenolic and carboxyl groups are the dominant groups that are pH-dependent and show a stronger affinity towards the metals. Properties of natural organic matter and trace elements govern the binding kinetics, influencing cations' binding to functionalized groups at lower pH. The water treatment process mechanisms like adsorption, coagulation, membrane filtration, and ion exchange efficiencies are sturdily influenced by the presence of NOM with cations and by the natural organic matter alone. The complexation among the natural organic matter and coagulants enhances the removal of NOM from the coagulation processes. The current review illustrates detailed interactions between natural organic matter and the potential impacts of cations on NOM in the water and wastewater treatment facilities.
Madhavi Konni, Saratchandra Babu Mukkamala, and Manoj Kumar Karnena
IGI Global
Future energy systems will be determined by the increasing relevance of renewable energy resources due to global warming, energy crisis, and pollution. Hydrogen is considered one of the promising alternative fuels to replace oil, but its storage remains a significant challenge. The main hydrogen storage technologies can be broadly classified as physical, chemical, and hybrid methods. The physical methods rely on compression and liquefaction of hydrogen, and currently, compressed hydrogen storage is the most mature technology that is commercially available. The chemical methods utilize materials to store hydrogen, and hydrogen can be extracted by on-board regenerable or off-board regenerable chemical reactions depending on the type of material. Hybrid methods take advantage of both physical and chemical storage methods. The most prominent hybrid method is the cryo-adsorption hydrogen storage which utilizes physisorption-based porous materials. The chapter describes these technologies and discusses alternative/novel hydrogen storage material technologies.
G. V. Satyanarayana, T. Byragi Reddy, R. S. S. Srikanth Vemuri, K. Suryanarayana Rao, and Manoj Kumar Karnena
Technoscience Publications
Soil pollution is a worldwide problem caused by both natural and anthropogenic activities. This has resulted in health and physiological problems to both plants and animals. This study investigated heavy metals in soils within the immediate vicinity. Soils from Seven APIIC zones in Visakhapatnam were collected and analysed for physicochemical characteristics and heavy metals. The data obtained were subjected to the pollution index model and multivariate statistical analysis. The data obtained showed that the soils are rich in zinc, and heavy metals are above trace level with a minor positively skewed distribution. The analysis of pollution index, geoaccumulation index and ecological risk factors in soils in all the locations showed that they are mainly contaminated and polluted by Cd followed by Zn. The mean heavy metal concentrations around APIIC can be arranged in increasing order as Cr < Co < Pb < Cu < Cd < Zn. Element pairs such as Zn-Pb, Zn-Cu, Zn-Cd, Pb-Cu, Pb-Cd, Cu-Cr, Cd-Co and CrCo showed strong positive correlation coefficient “r” indicating their association in the study area. The observed concentrations of heavy metals revealed that soil contamination has been increasing and measures must be taken to ensure the adoption of more environment-friendly practices.
Vara Saritha, Madhavi Konni, Bhavya Kavitha Dwarapureddi, R. S. S. Srikanth Vemuri, and Manoj Kumar Karnena
IGI Global
The contemporary world is driven by electronic gadgets without which the survival of mankind is perceived to be incomplete. The uncontrolled dependence of mankind on electronic gadgets has resulted in enhanced production of these gadgets leading to the accumulation of e-waste. Both technological innovation and market expansion have played an important role in electronic waste (e-waste). Owing to hazardous material composition, electronic waste causes environmental problems during the waste management phase if not properly pre-treated. Growing attention is being given to the impacts of these hazardous components from e-waste on the environment. Many countries have drafted legislation to improve the reuse, recycling, and other forms of recovery of such wastes so as to reduce disposal problems. The purpose of this chapter is to present an overview of electronic waste, the current status of management of electronic waste, and recycling technologies for the recovery of metals from end-of-life electronic equipment.
Manoj Kumar Karnena, Madhavi Konni, and Vara Saritha
Springer International Publishing
Madhavi Konni, Saratchandra Babu Mukkamala, R. S. S. Srikanth Vemuri, and Manoj Kumar Karnena
Springer International Publishing
In the urban aquatic ecosystem, environmental pollution due to waste disposal and treatment is becoming a significant concern worldwide. Pollution levels are increasing alarmingly in the marine ecosystem, according to the available scientific literature. Hazardous components, such as recalcitrant chemicals that are already present in the environment, will enhance the strength of upcoming contaminants. New technologies have been advanced for water treatment by utilizing material science engineering in the past few decades. However, water treatment technologies have suffered various limitations like more power consumption, high operation cost, and difficulty in operation. Thus, there is a need to develop new water treatment methods, such as composites and components based on Nanomaterials which have shown to be technologically advanced and some are already employed for treating wastewater currently. These resources are operative, cost-effective, and eco-friendly, highly recommended for conserving natural resources and remediating the environment. This chapter mainly focuses on novel materials, such as MOFs and Carbon porous materials, to treat wastewater. The production, synthesis, adequacy of these materials in applications have been comprehensively recognized and the several special benefits of these materials in water treatment are presented.
Manoj Kumar Karnena and Vara Saritha
Springer International Publishing
Water purification and treatment are significant challenges for environmental engineers to several extents, continually increasing pressure to provide safe drinking water to the consumers. Nevertheless, water treatment with chemicals is minimized as they are toxic to the environment and humans. One of the fundamental steps for water treatment for consumption is water clarification by Coagulation and flocculation, eliminating colloidal particles, impurities, algae, etc. The sustainability in water treatment is only possible by the usage of natural materials combined with innate technologies. In these lines, the present book chapter will appraise the efficiency of natural coagulants’ in treating surface water. Several researchers tested the natural coagulants for water treatment; but, various natural coagulants and their coagulation efficiency were not presented. Thus, an attempt is made to achieve a comprehensive account of widely used different plant-based coagulants, to understand their properties and efficiencies in treating water. The approaches mentioned in the book chapter will develop a knowledge database on available coagulants and their best utility techniques that can be adopted at any given time.
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
RESEARCH OUTPUTS (PATENTS, SOFTWARE, PUBLICATIONS, PRODUCTS)
Kitchen Waste Convert into an Organic Material Device (AU Patent 2021100215)