Cost estimation for spinal muscular atrophy diagnosis using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction Dolat Singh Shekhawat, Amit Kumar Mittal, Kuldeep Singh, Pratibha Singh, Charu Sharma, Suman Deep Kaur, Siyaram Didel, Shilpi Dixit Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, 2025 Objectives: Diagnosing spinal muscular atrophy necessitates determining the copy number of the SMN1 gene and the number of SMN2 gene copies, which correlate with disease severity. The present study aims to conduct a detailed cost-effectiveness analysis to determine SMN1 and SMN2 exon seven-copy numbers using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Materials and Methods: Financial data were meticulously gathered from the institute’s operational test facility from January 2022 to December 2022. The annual costs for capital assets, operational expenses, consumables, and other supportive facilities were calculated. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) was also conducted to evaluate statistical uncertainty. Results: The copy numbers of SMN1 and SMN2 gene exon seven were concordant between ddPCR and MLPA, with a significant correlation in test outcomes. The kappa coefficient was 1.000 and P = 0.0001. The annual capital and operational costs for ddPCR were INR 13,64,400 ($16,056) and INR 65,37,000 ($76,920), respectively. The MLPA’s annual capital and operational costs were INR 17,64,400 ($20,760) and INR 89,82,000 ($105,670). The calculated cost per test for ddPCR was INR 1,646 ($20), while for MLPA, it was INR 5,970 ($70). Furthermore, based on 10,000 simulations, the PSA determined that the ddPCR-based diagnosis is up to 83.6% cost-effective. It supports its integration into clinical practice for better patient outcomes and optimized healthcare costs. Conclusion: Utilizing ddPCR to determine the copy number of SMN1 and SMN2 gene exon seven offers cost-efficiency and time-saving advantages compared to alternative methods.
Comparing the diagnosis accuracy and efficacy of presepsin (sCD14) and nCD64 in neonatal sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis Amit Kumar Mittal, Mamta Patel, Dolat Singh Shekhawat, Pratibha Singh, Kuldeep Singh Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 2025 <h2>Abstract</h2><h3>Background</h3> Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among newborns, requiring early and accurate diagnosis for effective treatment. sCD14 and nCD64 have emerged as promising biomarkers due to their enhanced sensitivity and specificity compared to traditional methods. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of sCD14 and nCD64 in detecting neonatal sepsis. <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, including studies that assessed the sensitivity, specificity, and overall diagnostic performance of sCD14 and nCD64. Various key metrics such as DOR, PLR, NLR, and AUC were analyzed. <h3>Results</h3> Eleven studies with 1303 neonates (777 sepsis cases, 526 controls) were included. For sCD14, the pooled sensitivity was 0.82 (95 % CI: 0.65–0.92), specificity was 0.79 (95 % CI: 0.59–0.91), and AUC was 0.88. For nCD64, pooled sensitivity was 0.84 (95 % CI: 0.78–0.89), specificity was 0.79 (95 % CI: 0.65–0.88), and AUC was 0.89. Both biomarkers demonstrated high diagnostic reliability, with DORs of 18 (sCD14) and 17.04 (nCD64). <h3>Conclusions</h3> sCD14 and nCD64 show significant potential as reliable biomarkers for the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. High diagnostic accuracy makes them valuable tools for improving clinical decision-making. However, further studies are needed to validate their practical implementation in routine neonatal care, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness.
ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF TELEMEDICINE SERVICES PROVIDED AT SATELLITE CENTRE FOR TRIBAL HEALTH AND RESEARCH, ABU ROAD, SIROHI, RAJASTHAN, INDIA Amit Kumar Mittal, Mamta Patel, Rakhi Dwivedi, Vibha Joshi, Manmohan Singh, Pradeep Dwivedi, Kuldeep Singh Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management, 2025 Background: Assessing health technology is a vital tool for determining whether interventions should be continued or stopped. Delivering efficient medical services in remote tribal, hilly regions demands careful planning to maximize limited resources. To identify the effectiveness of telemedicine centres, we conducted an economic evaluation of telemedicine services in term of avoidance of patient transportation costs. Methods: A qualitative telemedicine evaluation was conducted through in-depth interviews with patients and hospital authorities, as well as focused group discussions with medical officers and paramedical staff. By analyzing direct and indirect costs, including setup, operations, and patient-related expenses, as well as patient satisfaction levels, the study provides insights into the sustainability of telemedicine in resource-constrained settings. Main Outcome Measures: Cost-effectiveness of telemedicine services, Reduction in patient transportation expenses, financial sustainability of telemedicine centres, and Patient satisfaction and healthcare accessibility. Results: The analysis reveals that telemedicine can significantly reduce patient transportation costs, making healthcare more accessible and affordable, particularly for underserved populations in tribal and hilly regions. The study also highlights substantial operating costs driven by staff salaries and emphasizes the importance of efficient budget planning and resource allocation. Conclusions: The findings underscore the potential of telemedicine to promote health equity by reducing disparities and improving health outcomes. To fully understand the impact of telemedicine services, a comprehensive economic evaluation considering patient outcomes, quality of care, and long-term cost savings is recommended.
Economic Impact of Pediatric Hematological Cancer Treatment: Prospective Study from Western Rajasthan's Tertiary Care Center Vibha Joshi, Kuldeep Singh, Siyaram Didel, Lokesh Kumar, Mamta Patel, Abhishek Purohit, Aliza Mittal, Varuna Vyas, Lokesh Saini, Amit Kumar Mittal Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology, 2025 Pediatric hematological cancers, which include acute leukemia, lymphoma, and other blood-related malignancies, are one of the main causes of cancer-related mortality in children worldwide. This study investigates the financial burden faced by families of pediatric patients undergoing treatment for hematological cancers at a tertiary center in Western Rajasthan.The objective of this study is to evaluate the economic impact of pediatric hematological cancer treatment at a tertiary care center in Western Rajasthan. It aims to assess the direct and indirect costs associated with treatment, including medical expenses, caregiver burden, loss of productivity, and financial strain on families. Additionally, the study aims to explore the broader economic implications for the health care system and the region, offering insights that can inform policy decisions, optimize resource allocation, and improve the affordability and accessibility of care for patients with pediatric cancer.The primary data collection approach involved interviewing families of pediatric patients with hematological cancers aged 1 month to 18 years who were treated between February 2021 and July 2021. The study assessed direct and indirect costs to understand the financial burden on families.Results indicated considerable financial strain. The analysis of health care costs over the past 6 months revealed that direct costs for investigations averaged ₹ 260,922.8, with a median of ₹ 250,000. The average costs for procedures during hospital admissions and medications were ₹ 48,137 and ₹ 31,818.1, respectively. Indirect costs included an average transportation cost per visit of ₹ 2,324.1 and an average cost for one attendant's transportation, food, and stay of ₹ 5,593.3. A notable portion (21%) of households of patients requiring blood transfusions reported experiencing catastrophic financial consequences.Policymakers and health care providers must work together to develop strategies that reduce out-of-pocket expenses and provide financial protection for vulnerable families. Enhancing regional health care infrastructure and expanding financial aid programs are crucial steps toward alleviating the financial strain and improving the overall well-being of pediatric cancer patients and their families.
Outlooks of Nanosensors in Medical and Smart Devices, Agricultural and Food Technology Letters in Applied Nanobioscience, 2024 Nanosensors are medical devices where nanostructures are usually employed to sense the chemicals, gases, bio-representatives, electric fields, light, heat, temperature, pH, humidity, etc., since nanomaterials extensively enhance the compassion of the technique. Nano-biosensors utilize the bio element as an indicative constituent and the electrode as a transducer. Nanostructures are used in the system to bridge the space between the converter and bio receptor at a nanoscale. Several nanostructures like nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanowires, nanofibers, nano-pores, self-adhesive mono layers, and nanocomposites are employed to enhance the efficacy and competence of the biosensor device. Recent developments in nanotechnology further enable this field to prepare cost-effective, rapid, efficient, real-time, portable, robust, and disposable sensors for various applications in many areas, including health care. This article reviews a variety of biosensors and biochips, highlighting the function of nanostructures prepared for medical diagnostics, agriculture, food, energy, innovative packaging, chemicals, and other applications.
Understanding misdiagnosis in pediatric epilepsy: A prospective analysis of predictors and patterns M Patel, MK Gupta, L Saini, AK Mittal, R Gupta, AD Goel, P Bhardwaj, ... Pediatric Neurology , 2026 2026
Perspective–The Role of Peripheral Outreach Programs for Genetic Disorders for Optimizing Healthcare K Singh, AK Mittal, T Rajial, V Vyas, P Dwivedi, DS Shekhawat, P Singh, ... Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 1-10 , 2026 2026
Referral to an Apex Tertiary Center in Pediatric Epilepsy: A Prospective Cost-of-Illness Study M Patel, L Saini, MK Gupta, AK Mittal, A Chityala, AD Goel, P Bhardwaj, ... Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 10.4103 , 2026 2026
Economic evidence on the cost-effectiveness of newborn screening for spinal muscular atrophy: a systematic review AK Mittal, M Patel, P Sharma, DS Shekhawat, P Amrit, L Saini, K Singh European Journal of Pediatrics 184 (12), 774 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Cost-effectiveness analysis of prenatal testing and outcomes for sickle cell disease and thalassemia in India AK Mittal, DS Shekhawat, M Patel, C Sharma, A Purohit, P Singh, S Didel, ... 2025
Economic Impact of Pediatric Hematological Cancer Treatment: Prospective Study from Western Rajasthan's Tertiary Care Center V Joshi, K Singh, S Didel, L Kumar, M Patel, A Purohit, A Mittal, V Vyas, ... Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology , 2025 2025
Economic evaluation of telemedicine services provided at satellite centre for tribal health and research, Abu Road, Sirohi, Rajasthan, India AK Mittal, M Patel, R Dwivedi, V Joshi, M Singh, P Dwivedi, K Singh Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 20 (2), 1-18 , 2025 2025
Cost estimation for spinal muscular atrophy diagnosis using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction DS Shekhawat, AK Mittal, K Singh, P Singh, C Sharma, SD Kaur, S Didel, ... Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 16 (2), 271-279 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Cost analysis of newborn screening for spinal muscular atrophy using digital PCR vs. MLPA DS Shekhawat, A Mittal, K Singh Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports 43, 101234 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Prevalence of pediatric and adolescent epilepsy in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis M Patel, AD Goel, L Saini, R Kaushal, D Mathur, AK Mittal, T Rajial, ... Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy 127, 36-43 , 2025 2025 Citations: 16
Comparing the diagnosis accuracy and efficacy of presepsin (sCD14) and nCD64 in neonatal sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis AK Mittal, M Patel, DS Shekhawat, P Singh, K Singh Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health 32, 101957 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
How Drones are Enhancing Outreach and Accessibility in Healthcare AK Mittal, M Patel, K Singh Preprints , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Evaluation of Utility of Invasive Electroencephalography for Definitive Surgery in Patients with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis M Patel, AK Mittal, V Joshi, M Agrawal, SB Varthya, L Saini, A Saravanan, ... World Neurosurgery 187, 172-183. e2 , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
Navigating the Nanoscale: Unraveling the Complexities of Metallic Nanoparticle Biosynthesis for Biomedical Breakthroughs and Addressing Toxicity Concerns AK Mittal The Open Biotechnology Journal 18 (1) , 2024 2024
Current expansion of silver and gold nanomaterials towards cancer theranostics: development of therapeutics P Gupta, K Mishra, AK Mittal, N Handa, MK Paul Current Nanoscience 20 (3), 356-372 , 2024 2024 Citations: 14
Economic implications of ddPCR and NGS-based noninvasive prenatal testing for fetal aneuploidy screening KS Amit Kumar Mittal, Dolat Singh Shekhawat, Mamta Patel, Pratibha Singh International Journal of Public Health Science 13 (4), 1809-1818 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Outlooks of Nanosensors in Medical and Smart Devices, Agricultural and Food Technology A Tripathi, P Gupta, AK Mittal, TK Mistri Lett. Appl. NanoBioSci 13, 142 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Medicinally Important Flowers and Their Role in Nanoparticle Synthesis and Applications AK Mittal, UC Banerjee Secondary Metabolites from Medicinal Plants, 243-252 , 2023 2023
Next-generation sequencing in newborn screening: a review on clinical and economic prospects AK Mittal, DS Shekhawat, V Joshi, P Singh, K Singh The Open Biotechnology Journal 17 (1) , 2023 2023 Citations: 7
Click chemistry tailored benzimidazole functionalized triazole block-co-polymer for emergence of exotic chimaeric nano-crystalsomes A Singh, A Agarwal, A Chakraborty, R Bhardwaj, S Sutradhar, AK Mittal, ... European Polymer Journal 178, 111503 , 2022 2022 Citations: 9
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using plant extracts AK Mittal, Y Chisti, UC Banerjee Biotechnology advances 31 (2), 346-356 , 2013 2013 Citations: 3448
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles: elucidation of prospective mechanism and therapeutic potential AK Mittal, J Bhaumik, S Kumar, UC Banerjee Journal of colloid and interface science 415, 39-47 , 2014 2014 Citations: 476
Quercetin and gallic acid mediated synthesis of bimetallic (silver and selenium) nanoparticles and their antitumor and antimicrobial potential AK Mittal, S Kumar, UC Banerjee Journal of colloid and interface science 431, 194-199 , 2014 2014 Citations: 314
Free Radical Scavenging and Antioxidant Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Flower Extract of Rhododendron dauricum AK Mittal, A Kaler, UC Banerjee Nano Biomedicine and Engineering 4 (3), 118-124 , 2012 2012 Citations: 258
Bio-synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Potentilla fulgens Wall. ex Hook. and its therapeutic evaluation as anticancer and antimicrobial agent AK Mittal, D Tripathy, A Choudhary, PK Aili, A Chatterjee, IP Singh, ... Materials Science and Engineering: C 53, 120-127 , 2015 2015 Citations: 182
Applications of phototheranostic nanoagents in photodynamic therapy J Bhaumik, AK Mittal, A Banerjee, Y Chisti, UC Banerjee Nano Research 8 (5), 1373-1394 , 2015 2015 Citations: 116
Antimicrobials misuse/overuse: adverse effect, mechanism, challenges and strategies to combat resistance AK Mittal, R Bhardwaj, P Mishra, SK Rajput The Open Biotechnology Journal 14 (1) , 2020 2020 Citations: 97
SIRT1 promotes neuronal fortification in neurodegenerative diseases through attenuation of pathological hallmarks and enhancement of cellular lifespan P Mishra, AK Mittal, H Kalonia, S Madan, S Ghosh, JK Sinha, SK Rajput Current Neuropharmacology 19 (7), 1019-1037 , 2021 2021 Citations: 78
An investigation of in vivo wound healing activity of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles A Kaler, AK Mittal, M Katariya, H Harde, AK Agrawal, S Jain, UC Banerjee Journal of nanoparticle research 16 (9), 2605 , 2014 2014 Citations: 70
Two new stereoisomeric antioxidant triterpenes from Potentilla fulgens A Choudhary, AK Mittal, M Radhika, D Tripathy, A Chatterjee, ... Fitoterapia 91, 290-297 , 2013 2013 Citations: 57
Comparative studies of anticancer and antimicrobial potential of bioinspired silver and silver-selenium nanoparticles AK Mittal, K Thanki, S Jain, UC Banerjee J. Mater. Nanosci 3 (2), 2016 , 2016 2016 Citations: 55
Cognition and memory impairment attenuation via reduction of oxidative stress in acute and chronic mice models of epilepsy using antiepileptogenic Nux vomica P Mishra, AK Mittal, SK Rajput, JK Sinha Journal of ethnopharmacology 267, 113509 , 2021 2021 Citations: 52
Current status and future prospects of nanobiomaterials in drug delivery AK Mittal, UC Banerjee Nanobiomaterials in Drug Delivery, 147-170 , 2016 2016 Citations: 39
In vivo safety, toxicity, biocompatibility and anti-tumour efficacy of bioinspired silver and selenium nanoparticles AK Mittal, UC Banerjee Materials Today Communications 26, 102001 , 2021 2021 Citations: 34
Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Whole Cells of Geotrichum candidum AK Mittal, A Kaler, AV Mulay, UC Banerjee Journal of Nanoparticles 2013 (1), 150414 , 2013 2013 Citations: 30
Prevalence of pediatric and adolescent epilepsy in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis M Patel, AD Goel, L Saini, R Kaushal, D Mathur, AK Mittal, T Rajial, ... Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy 127, 36-43 , 2025 2025 Citations: 16
Nanobiomaterials in drug delivery: applications of nanobiomaterials AM Grumezescu William Andrew , 2016 2016 Citations: 15
Current expansion of silver and gold nanomaterials towards cancer theranostics: development of therapeutics P Gupta, K Mishra, AK Mittal, N Handa, MK Paul Current Nanoscience 20 (3), 356-372 , 2024 2024 Citations: 14
A Comparative study on the production of PHA by three different Pseudomonas sp AR Sav, AK Mittal, AA Thorat, S Dubey, UC Banerjee Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci 3 (10), 940-954 , 2014 2014 Citations: 14
