Response of Daucus carota Plants under Meloidogyne incognita Infection to Blumea aurita Compost, Powder, and Essential Oil Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi Walter de Gruyter GmbH Abstract Meloidogyne incognita is a common pest of carrots grown in hot climates. Existing control methods using synthetic nematicides are associated with contamination and intoxication of plants and the production environment. Recent research trends in pest control include investigations on the use of plant materials. In the present study, Blumea aurita compost, powder, and essential oil were assessed in comparison with Furadan for mitigating the effects of M. incognita on carrot plants. The essential oil was applied at 10, 20, and 30 mg·ml−1, while the compost and powder were applied at 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 kg·m−2. The characteristic components of B. aurita essential oil were trans-α-bergamotene (18.04%), caryophyllene epoxide (15.01%), eugenol (11.59%), carvacrol (11.02%), geraniol (10.13%), 1-octen-3-ol (7.03%), 1,8-cineole (7.02%), δ-elemene (7.01%), and α-copaene (6.20%). The reproduction of M. incognita on carrot roots and the level of M. incognita soil infestation were significantly reduced by B. aurita compost and essential oil. The effect of B. aurita compost was comparable to that of the standard nematicide – Furadan. Therefore, materials derived from B. aurita may prove to be an interesting alternative in inhibiting M. incognita populations.
Influence of biodegraded bark extracts of Anacardium occidentale on survival of Meloidogyne incognita infecting cabbage plants
Anatomical and molecular characterization of some rhigonematid parasites of millipedes in Nigeria, with new insights into their phylogeny O.A. Fabiyi, T.T. Bello, G. Liébanas, I. Clavero-Camacho, C. Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, A. Archidona-Yuste, J.E. Palomares-Rius, D.J. Hunt, and P. Castillo Cambridge University Press (CUP) Abstract Parasitic nematodes of millipedes from Nigeria are molecularly characterized for the first time. During nematode surveys on live giant African millipedes from several localities in Nigeria, 4 species of rhigonematids were identified by application of integrative taxonomical approaches (morpho-anatomy and molecular markers), including Brumptaemilius sp., Gilsonema gabonensis, Obainia pachnephorus, and Rhigonema disparovis. The results of morphometric and molecular analyses of D2-D3 28S, ITS, partial 18S rRNA, and cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 (COI) gene sequences further characterized the rhigonematid species, and clearly separated them from other related species. Phylogenetic relationships based on 28S and 18S rRNA genes suggest that genera within Ransomnematoidea (Ransomnema, Heth, Carnoya, Brumptaemilius, Cattiena, Insulanema, Gilsonema) and Rhigonematoidea (Rhigonema, Obainia, Xystrognathus, Trachyglossoides, Ichthyocephaloides) clustered rather closer than could be expected in view of their morphological differences. Phylogenetic relationships based on ITS and COI are congruent with those of other ribosomal genes; however, they are not conclusive due to the scarcity of available sequences of these genes for these genera in NCBI.