Chemistry, Cancer Research, Pharmacology (medical), Artificial Intelligence
12
Scopus Publications
384
Scholar Citations
8
Scholar h-index
8
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
SYNTHETIC STRATEGIES FOR BENZIMIDAZOLES: ADVANCES AND GREEN PERSPECTIVES S.L Gunturu, C Ranjan, A. R Mahesh, B Rajeswari, R Saranya, K Pavankumar Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, 2026 Benzimidazoles represent an important class of heterocyclic compounds with broad pharmacological significance, including antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and anthelmintic activities. Their biological versatility has driven the development of diverse and efficient synthetic strategies. The current reviewrepresents aconcise and systematic overview of synthetic approaches to benzimidazoles, emphasising the reaction of 1,2- benzenediamine with different amines, aldehydes, alcohols, carboxylic acids, β-ketoesters, and other nucleophilicpartners. Comparative insights into catalyst-mediated, catalyst-free, and green synthetic methodologies arehighlighted, including the use of inorganic acids, solid-supported catalysts, natural catalysts, and environmentallybenign reaction conditions. Additionally, emerging approaches using alternative diamine precursors and modifiedreaction pathways are discussed. By summarising advancements in both traditional and sustainable syntheticpractices, this review provides a practical reference for researchers involved in designing benzimidazole scaffoldsfor medicinal and chemical applications. Furthermore, this review emphasises the advantages and limitations of different methodologies, which will help researchers select the suitable synthetic routes for efficient synthesis of benzimidazoles.
Integrated In Silico and In Vivo evaluation of Cassytha filiformis: Molecular insights into caspase-3/8 binding and wound healing effect Soosamma John, Nisha Shri Chengamaraju, Navya A S, Agasa Ramu Mahesh, Bincy Raj Pharmacological Research Modern Chinese Medicine, 2025 Background Cassytha filiformis is a parasitic vine traditionally used in Chinese traditional medicine (CTM) for its anti-inflammatory, detoxifying, and wound-healing properties. Despite its ethnomedical significance, scientific validation of its therapeutic mechanisms-particularly its interaction with apoptotic pathways-remains limited. Objective This study investigated the wound healing potential of Cassytha filiformis through in vivo and in silico approaches, alongside phytochemical isolation and characterization. Methods Successive solvent extraction was performed using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, and phytosterols. Isolation and spectroscopic characterization identified pseudohypericin as key constituents. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis revealed additional 25 bioactive compounds. Results Among all extracts, the 5% chloroform extract showed the most significant activity in excision and incision wound models, achieving 100% wound contraction by day 16 and a tensile strength of 425.5 ± 4.89 g, outperforming the standard drug framycetin. In silico docking result showed strong binding affinity of quercetin 3-O-rutinoside (−11.9 kcal/mol) and pseudohypericin (−10.0 kcal/mol) with Caspase-3, supported by favorable ADMET and toxicity profiles. Similarly, Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside and Pseudohypericin exhibited significant binding affinities against Caspase-8 with binding score of -8.1 and -8.0 kcal/mol respectively. Both phytoconstituents showed significant binding affinity against Caspase-8. The stability of complex was validated through 100 ns molecular dynamic (MD) simulation results. Conclusion Cassytha filiformis demonstrated potent wound healing activity, suggesting its potential for development into safe, effective plant-based therapeutics.
In Silico Investigation of Chemical Components of Fragaria ananassa Species as Aphrodisiac Agents for Erectile Dysfunction Sadishkumar S, Vimal Kumar S, Mohith SN, Prathiba R, Abilash S, Mahesh AR Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2024 Sterols, Polyphenols, and flavonoids have a major role in erectile dysfunction. The molecular docking of phytochemical constituents of Fragaria ananassa fruit with human phosphodiesterase 5 (1UDT), human arginase II (4I06), human aromatase (5JKV), D2 dopamine receptor (6CM4) compared with sildenafil citrate. Using BIOVIA Discovery studio, ligand clusters were prepared, and PyRX software was used for molecular docking (Auto dock-Vina). Using PyMOL, the Protein-Ligand Complex was generated, and the 2D- interactions were obtained from BIOVIA Discovery studio. Most of the Phyto-constituents showed better binding affinity than sildenafil citrate. All 58 components have better GI absorption which ranges from 0% to 100%. The physicochemical, pharmacokinetics (ADME), and toxicity properties of bioactive molecules were evaluated to confirm their drug-likeness property. Most of the fifty-eight components are non-toxic and hence this study concludes that only certain sterols, polyphenols, and flavonoids from Fragaria ananassa fruit shows significant effects on erectile dysfunction.
Tau protein: Targets and development against Alzheimer's disease Sonal Dubey, Mahesh AR Enzymatic Targets for Drug Discovery Against Alzheimer S Disease, 2023 The clinical manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and associated human tauopathies are driven by tau neuronal and glial abnormalities. Tau, a microtubule-associated protein is inherently disordered due to its lack of a stable structure and great flexibility. Intracellular inclusions of fibrillar tau with a sheet shape accumulate in the brains of individuals with AD and other tauopathies. As a result, tau separation from microtubules and tau transition from a disordered state to an inappropriately aggregated state are critical steps before the start of tau-related illnesses. Many studies have demonstrated that this shift is triggered by post translational changes such as hyperphosphorylation and acetylation. Before the development of tau inclusions, the misfolded tau self-assembles and forms a tau oligomer. Animal and clinical research utilising human samples has shown that tau oligomer development contributes to neuronal death. During tauopathies, tau seeds are released from cells and absorbed into neighbouring cells, resulting in the spread of abnormal tau aggregation. Thus, Tau has become both a physiological and pathological target for AD treatments during the last decade. Evidence reveals many potential techniques for preventing tau-mediated toxicity: (1) direct suppression of pathological tau aggregation; (2) inhibition of tau post-translational changes that occur before pathological tau aggregation; (3) inhibition of tau propagation; and (4) microtubule stabilisation. Aside from traditional low-molecular-weight compounds, newer drug discovery approaches, such as the development of medium-molecular-weight drugs (peptide- or oligonucleotide-based drugs) and high-molecular-weight drugs (antibody based drugs), provide alternative pathways to preventing the formation of abnormal tau. Suppression of protein kinases or protein-3-O-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminl)-L-serine/threonine hydrolase, inhibition of tau aggregation, active and passive immunotherapies, and tau silencing using antisense oligonucleotides; in several animal models, have shown the capacity to prevent or minimise tau lesions and treat either cognitive or motor impairment. Immunotherapy, which has already reached the clinical stage of drug development, is the most advanced technique for treating human tauopathies. Tau vaccines or humanised antibodies are designed to target a range of tauspecies in both intracellular and extracellular environments. Some of them recognise the amino- or carboxy-terminus, while others have proline-rich areas or microtubule binding domains that they can attach to. In this review, we examine various clinical targets for the treatment of tauopathies as well as the various molecules researched as tau inhibitors that can be used in AD. Furthermore, we explore the efficacy of some of the prominent molecules in clinical studies for tau-targeted therapies research.
Optimization of Parameters for The Design and Evaluation of Fenofibrate Loaded Floating Microspheres by Taguchi Method Josephine LENO JENITA, Mahesh AGASA RAMU, Priyanka SAH, Seema S RATHORE Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 2023 : Fenofibrate is an anti-hyperlipidemic agent with poor water solubility and poor bioavailability of 30%. The goal of this study was to develop and optimise floating microspheres of Fenofibrate utilising an emulsion solvent diffusion method in order to improve absorption and oral bioavailability of the medicine for a better approach in treating hyperlipidemic conditions using ethyl cellulose as a polymer. At the preliminary stage four formulations were prepared by changing the polymer ratio and keeping the stirring speed, stirring time and solvent composition constant. Based on the results obtained batch 2 was considered as an ideal batch. The data from this batch was used at the middle level of a Taguchi orthogonal array design to optimise the formulation, and the effect of independent variables such as A (Polymer concentration), B (Stirring speed), C (Stirring time), and D (Ethanol concentration) on dependent variables such as particle size, percentage yield, drug loading, buoyancy, and drug release was investigated. All the microspheres showed good buoyancy for 24 h in simulated gastric fluid and controlled release of drug for 12 hours. The optimized formulation was spherical in shape as confirmed by photographs from scanning electron microscopy. The in vitro release data were fitted into various kinetic models and the possible release mechanism was found to follow Korsmeyer-Peppas model. The results suggest that Fenofibrate floating microspheres provides modified drug release for treating hyperlipidemia and can be used successfully for development of sustain release formulation.
A Review on Artificial Intelligence Approaches and Rational Approaches in Drug Discovery Selvaraj Kunjiappan, Parasuraman Pavadai, Anjana Vidya Srivathsa, Nandini Markuli Sadashivappa, Apeksha Krishnamurthy Hegde, Srimathi Radha, Agasa Ramu Mahesh, Damodar Nayak Ammunje, Debanjan Sen, Panneerselvam Theivendren, Saravanan Govindaraj Current Pharmaceutical Design, 2023 Artificial intelligence (AI) speeds up the drug development process and reduces its time, as well as the cost which is of enormous importance in outbreaks such as COVID-19. It uses a set of machine learning algorithms that collects the available data from resources, categorises, processes and develops novel learning methodologies. Virtual screening is a successful application of AI, which is used in screening huge drug-like databases and filtering to a small number of compounds. The brain’s thinking of AI is its neural networking which uses techniques such as Convoluted Neural Network (CNN), Recursive Neural Network (RNN) or Generative Adversial Neural Network (GANN). The application ranges from small molecule drug discovery to the development of vaccines. In the present review article, we discussed various techniques of drug design, structure and ligand-based, pharmacokinetics and toxicity prediction using AI. The rapid phase of discovery is the need of the hour and AI is a targeted approach to achieve this.
Antidiabetic activity of tephrosia tinctoria in alloxan induced diabetic rats: A preliminary study Vimal John Samuel, Rashmi DV, Agasa Ramu Mahesh Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2021 Plant derived products play a vital role in preventing and treating various disease in humans. Tephrosia tinctoria is a plant belonging to the family Leguminosae, found to have antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. The study was aimed to investigate the anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant activity of whole plant of Tephrosia tinctoria in diabetic rats. Alloxan induced model was used to induce Diabetes. The chloroform and ethanolic extracts of Tephrosia tinctoria (CETT and EETT) at the dose of 250 and 500mg/kg b.w were administered orally at single dose per day to diabetic rats. Glipizide 5mg/kg b.w was used as standard drug. The general body weight, insulin level, blood glucose, serum lipid profile, superoxide dismutase, and lipid peroxidation assays were the parameters evaluated in diabetic rats. EETT have better anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant activity than CETT. The protective effects were even confirmed by histopathological studies. These observations show that both the extracts were effective in possessing the significant antidiabetic and antioxidant properties in alloxan induced diabetes.
Antihyperlipidemic Effect Of Tephrosia Villosa In Acute And Chronic Hyperlipidemia Rat Models V. J. Samuel, V. Murugan, A. Mahesh Journal of Microbiology Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 2021 Atherosclerosis plays a pivotal role in various cardiovascular disorders. Most of the antiatherogenic currently available drugs are associated with many side effects than plant derived formulations. Tephrosia villosa (Fabaceae) plant is being used traditionally, in the treatment of hyperlipidemia, diabetes, jaundice and used as antioxidant and antimicrobial. The objective of the current experiment is to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic potency of chloroform (CETV) and ethanolic extract of Tephrosia villosa (EETV) in acute (Triton WR-1339 induced) and chronic (cholesterol diet-induced) hyperlipidemia models. Simvastatin, standard drug used to compare the effect of the both extracts at 125mg/kg, 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg b.w). The serum lipid parameters were analysed using enzymatic kits. The preliminary phytochemical screening of extracts of Tephrosia villosa showed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, glycosides and alkaloids. In acute model, the pretreatment with both extracts for 7 days showed significant reduction (p<0.001) in serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, and subsequent rise (p<0.01) in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels after 24h tritonisation in hyperlipidemic rats. Similarly, in chronic hyperlipidemia model, all the lipid (TG, TC, LDL-C & VLDL-C) levels were reduced significantly (p<0.001) with successive rise in HDL-C level after 30 days of study with 15 days of extract treatment. The current study indicates the antihyperlipidemic activity of Tephrosia villosa is probably due to the phenolic constituents in extracts, which may inhibit HMG CoA reductase or activate lipoprotein lipase and lecithin acyl transferase (LCAT). The results would provide a larger insight in design and development of newer therapeutics for a wide arena of lifestyle disorders.
SYNTHETIC STRATEGIES FOR BENZIMIDAZOLES: ADVANCES AND GREEN PERSPECTIVES SL Gunturu, C Ranjan, AR Mahesh, B Rajeswari, R Saranya, ... Rasayan Journal of Chemistry 19 (2), 766-779 , 2026 2026
Design, Synthesis, Characterization, and ADME Study of Novel 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives as Anti-Tubercular Agents S Mareguddi, DSM Metri, AR Mahesh American Pharmaceuitcal Review 29 (2), 45-51 , 2026 2026
Integrated In Silico and In Vivo evaluation of Cassytha filiformis: Molecular insights into caspase-3/8 binding and wound healing effect S John, NS Chengamaraju, AR Mahesh, B Raj Pharmacological Research-Modern Chinese Medicine 16, 100650 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Investigation of molecular design, synthesis, and biological assessment of new benzopyran derivatives MA Ramu, S Metri, TA Hunnura, K Patil, HB Sannakki Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research 13 (1), 86-94 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Unlocking the Potential of Pyrazines: Structure–Activity Relationship Driven Studies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis C Ranjan, M AR, G Suvarnalakshmi, N Shrivastava, AK V, B I, H S, S R, ... Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics (AJP) 19 (04) , 2025 2025
In Silico Investigation of Chemical Components of Fragaria ananassa Species as Aphrodisiac Agents for Erectile Dysfunction S Sadishkumar, SV Kumar, SN Mohith, R Prathiba, S Abilash, AR Mahesh Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 17 (7), 3315-3319 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Synthesis Of Andrographolide Containing Silver Nanoparticle For Enhancement Of Anticancer Drug Delivery. AR Mahesh, R Akkireddy, L Srinivas, D Nath, A Singh, P Thanthati Frontiers in Health Informatics 13 (3) , 2024 2024
NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES FOR EXTRACTING AND ANALYZING BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM FRUIT WASTE ARM Vimal Kumar Shanmugavelu, Sruthi Harihara Jaya Subramanian Futuristic Trends in Pharmacy & Nursing 3, 341-348 , 2024 2024
Tau Protein: Targets And Development Against Alzheimer s Disease S Dubey, AR Mahesh Enzymatic Targets for Drug Discovery Against Alzheimer's Disease, 159-180 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
In-Silico evaluation of phytochemicals as potential antiepileptic drugs H Anand, B Sushmitha, R Dey, M Akhilan, S Shiva, AR Mahesh Current trends in drug discovery, development and delivery (CTD4-2022 … , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Phytochemical Screening Of Oils From Gossypium Barbadense And Nelumbo Nucifera On Diseased Human Lung Fibroblast Shows Free Radical Scavenging Activity V Ruthu, abdulla Sadath, GR Nikitha, DLN Sagar, M Agasa Ramu, ... European Chemical Bulletin 12 (Special issue-5(Part-A)), 6244 - 6252 , 2023 2023
THE MUTATING VIRUS: THE INDIAN SCENARIO AR MAHESH How India Coped with the Second Wave of COVID-19, 1 , 2023 2023
Identification of Novel GABA-A Inhibitor For The Treatment Of Epilepsy: A Computational Approach NR Jawale, BS Kumar, G Soujanya, G Sireesha, A Ramu Bull. Env. Pharmacol. Life Sci 12, 180-185 , 2023 2023
Repurposing of Drugs for the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis: A Computational Approach PP Mahesh, AB VL Bull. Env. Pharmacol. Life Sci 12, 217-226 , 2023 2023
Repurposing of Isolated Phytochemicals for Its Antiviral Activity Against SARS Covid-19 Through In-Silico Evaluation AR Mahesh, JJ Leno, VB Hacholli Bull. Env. Pharmacol. Life Sci 12, 227-234 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Identification of novel lead moieties as Anti-Cholinesterase agents: A computational approach G Sireesha, NR Jawale, BS Kumar, G Soujanya, AR Mahesh, ... Bull. Env Pharmacol. Life Sci 12, 175-179 , 2023 2023 Citations: 2
In silico Investigation of Mode of Action of Certain Isolated Compounds of Tephrosia Species as Antihyperlipidemic Agents VJ Samuel, AR Mahesh, S Panagante Bull. Env. Pharmacol. Life Sci 12, 151-160 , 2023 2023
Identification of Potent Lead to Inhibit DHFR for the Treatment Of Cancer: A Computational Approach BS Kumar, G Soujanya, G Sireesha, NR Jawale, AR Mahesh, ... Bull. Env. Pharmacol. Life Sci 12, 200-208 , 2023 2023 Citations: 2
Identification of Novel Lead to Inhibit HIV Protease: A Computational Approach G Soujanya, G Sireesha, NR Jawale, BS Kumar, AR Mahesh, ... Bull. Env. Pharmacol. Life Sci. 12 (6), 209-215 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Detail study on Boerhaavia diffusa plant for its medicinal importance-A Review AR Mahesh, H Kumar, MK Ranganath, RA Devkar Res J Pharm Sci 1 (1), 28-36 , 2012 2012 Citations: 155
Phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of Tephrosia genus: A brief review VJ Samuel, AR Mahesh, V Murugan Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 9 (3), 117-125 , 2019 2019 Citations: 38
Enrichment of flavonoids from the methanolic extract of Boerhaavia diffusa roots by partitioning technique AR Mahesh, MK Ranganath, DR Harish Kumar Research Journal of Chemical Sciences … , 2013 2013 Citations: 36
A review on artificial intelligence approaches and rational approaches in drug discovery AV Srivathsa, NM Sadashivappa, AK Hegde, S Radha, AR Mahesh, ... Current Pharmaceutical Design 29 (15), 1180-1192 , 2023 2023 Citations: 20
Botanical study of four ficus species of family Moraceae: A Review. M Somashekhar, N Nayeem, AR Mahesh INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UNIVERSAL PHARMACY AND BIO SCIENCES 2 (6), 558-570 , 2013 2013 Citations: 17
Formulation and optimization of albumin nanoparticles loaded ivabradine hydrochloride using response surface design JJL Jenita, R Tibrewal, SS Rathore, D Manjula, W Barnabas, AR Mahesh Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology 63, 102461 , 2021 2021 Citations: 14
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 4-(morpholin-4-yl) benzohydrazide derivatives M Somashekhar, AR Mahesh, B Sonnad World J. Pharm. Pharmaceut. Sci 4, 2011-2020 , 2013 2013 Citations: 14
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Piperazine Derivatives M Somashekhar, AR Mahesh Am.J.PharmTech. 3 (4), 640-8 , 2013 2013 Citations: 14
Evalution of antitubercular activity of methanolic extract of citrus sinensis. SM Manish K, Mahesh AR International journal of pharma research and review 2 (8), 18-22 , 2013 2013 Citations: 8
Effect of diameter of secant pile wall in deep excavation analysis A Mahesh, BSC Kumar International Conference on Advances in Civil Engineering (ICACE-2019) 21, 23 , 2019 2019 Citations: 7
THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITIES OF AURONE, AN APPOSITELY ACTIVE MOLECULE-A REVIEW AR Mahesh, YM Samuel, JS Vimal WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 5 (7), 668-682 , 2016 2016 Citations: 7
Isolation and characterization of chemical constituents of aerial parts of Lantana Camara. AR Mahesh, HS Hitesh, B Mayukh International, Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Bio-Sciences 1 (6 … , 2012 2012 Citations: 6
Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Centella asiatica R Sood, D Darshitha, AR Mahesh, SS Rathore, JL Jenita Advances in Pharmacology Pharmacy 11 (4), 270-278 , 2023 2023 Citations: 5
E-Pharmacies: An Emerging Market in Indian Retail Pharmacy, An Indian Perspective, AR Mahesh, JS Vimal, B Sourav, BG PavanKalyan Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 8 (1) , 2020 2020 Citations: 5
Simultaneous estimation of paracetamol and zaltoprofen in pharmaceutical dosage form by HPTLC KB Premakumari, AR Mahesh, V Murugan, V Ezhilarasan Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 12 (2), 9 , 2019 2019 Citations: 4
Development and evaluation of capecitabine loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles for breast cancer JLJ Jenita, AR Mahesh, BP Sudarshan, SS Rathore, S Banu Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy 16 (3s), 40-49 , 2022 2022 Citations: 3
Antidiabetic activity of Tephrosia tinctoria in alloxan induced diabetic rats: A preliminary study VJ Samuel, DV Rashmi, AR Mahesh Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 14 (7), 3727-3732 , 2021 2021 Citations: 3
SYNTHESIS OF A BIOLOGICALLY PERTINENT MOLECULE, AURONES AN EXTENSIVE REVIEW AR Mahesh, V Murugan European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical sciences 3 (1), 112-116 , 2015 2015 Citations: 3
In Silico Investigation of Chemical Components of Fragaria ananassa Species as Aphrodisiac Agents for Erectile Dysfunction S Sadishkumar, SV Kumar, SN Mohith, R Prathiba, S Abilash, AR Mahesh Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 17 (7), 3315-3319 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2