Design and Development of an Electronically Controlled Polarization Agile Slotted Waveguide Array Antenna Mandar Chakrabarti, Abir Chattopadhyay, Malay Gangopadhyaya, Ayan Chatterjee, Kabita Purkait Defence Science Journal, 2025 This paper presents a new design for a polarization agile slotted waveguide array antenna that can dynamically switch between four polarization states: Vertical Polarization (VP), Horizontal Polarization (HP), Right-Handed Circular Polarization (RHCP), and Left-Handed Circular Polarization (LHCP) via electronic control of the antenna’s power feed. The multi-layered antenna uses a custom-designed patch array as an actively regulated polarizing grid placed over the slotted waveguides. A 1-by-4 antenna array operating at 2.5 GHz was designed, fabricated, and tested to ensure its effectiveness. Results show realized gains of 13.84 dBi (VP), 11.81 dBi (HP), 11.86 dBi (RHCP), and 11.66 dBi (LHCP), with an axial ratio of 1.1dB and impedance bandwidth of 32 MHz. This architecture provides greater flexibility and performance over traditional designs. It is also suitable for modern radar and remote sensing systems due to its creative design and easy integration with advanced polarimetry algorithms.
Tracking and analysis of solar radio waves using a low-cost Radio Telescope in urban areas Isita Chandra, Arnab Ghosh, Ayan Chatterjee, Rajiv Ganguly EPJ Web of Conferences, 2025 Radio telescopes are specialized instruments to detect radio-waves between 30MHz-300GHz from different astronomical sources. It has ability to capture radio signals from satellites effectively during high light pollution and cloudy weather. In Kolkata, light pollution being significant, radio telescopes offer an alternative to optical telescopes for signal tracking from different radio sources. Although radio telescopes are typically expensive devices, here the main objective is to develop a low-cost, user-friendly model by using dish antenna, connecting cables, low-cost satellite meter (SF720) and spectrum analyser (OWON Model XSA 1036TG) for training students in the area. Sun being a source of radio waves and its proximity to Earth helps in capturing the solar radio waves easily. Here, the signal capture is done from the Sun primarily. The signal analysis is done through two methods: by varying the inclination angles of the radio telescope and by measuring the signals at different hours of day at a fixed angle of 900. The results showed that signal strength improved as inclination angle changed from 00 to 900. In second case, the peak intensity was obtained around 2:00PM when Sun is overhead. This radio telescope is able to capture radio signals of frequency up to 3GHz.
Gain Improvement of Bidirectional Substrate-Integrated Waveguide-Based Circular Cavity-Backed Hexagonal Split Ring-Shaped Slotted Antenna Using Metamaterial as Superstrate Rimi Sengupta, Ayan Chatterjee, Soumen Banerjee, Susanta Kumar Parui, Monojit Mitra International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2025 A low profile substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW)‐based circular cavity‐backed slotted antenna is proposed at an operating frequency of 5.42 GHz for wireless applications in U‐NII‐2B band in the TM010 fundamental mode. Two hexagonal split ring‐shaped slots of 7 and 4 mm radius are placed on the patch as well as on the ground plane, resulting in bidirectional radiation. The reflection coefficient (S11) and gain for the single split ring‐shaped hexagonal slotted antenna (Antenna‐I) resonating at a frequency of 5.52 GHz is obtained as −23.4 and 6 dBi, respectively, having impedance bandwidth of 5.48–5.57 GHz while −29.8 dB and 7.2 dBi values of reflection coefficient and gain are obtained for double split ring hexagonal‐shaped slotted SIW cavity‐backed antenna (Antenna‐II) operating at 5.42 GHz. Furthermore, a band pass metamaterial operating in the frequency band of 5.19–5.57 GHz is used as a superstrate to augment the characteristics of the antenna and it is found that the gain is improved by 3.8 dBi as compared with Antenna‐I and 2.6 dBi as compared with Antenna‐II. The antenna–metamaterial composite structure is designed and fabricated on Arlon AD270 and Arlon AD320 substrate, respectively. Parametric studies are performed on the composite structure with respect to reflection coefficient, gain and metamaterial layer placement on the antenna to achieve the best results. Simulations are performed on HFSS v19.0 and show resemblance with the measured results.
A Reflective FSS at 28 GHz with SIW Slotted Array Antenna for 5G Applications Ayan Chatterjee, Abhishek Dutta, Partha Pratim Sarkar Proceedings of the 2024 3rd Edition of IEEE Delhi Section Flagship Conference Delcon 2024, 2024 The development, analysis and application of a single layer Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) showing reflective response at 28 GHz for wireless communication applications such as 5G is proposed in this paper. The single layer structure exhibits an operating band of 26-29.46 GHz with -10 dB transmission coefficient resonating near 27.9 GHz. The FSS exhibits reflection coefficient a close to 0 dB level at the desired frequency which makes it useful as a reflecting surface. The single layer FSS with the -10 dB bandwidth of around 12% exhibits a linearly decreasing reflection phase in the desired band of operation which makes it useful as a reflector for bi-directional and omni-directional high frequency antennas for augmenting the antenna gain in the broadside direction. The FSS is later implemented in a slotted array antenna based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) as a reflector. The back radiation level of the antenna is reduced by 5.5 dB with the use of the FSS. The SIW antenna with the FSS is suitable for Ground Surveillance Application due to its Fan beam in the H plane. The proposed FSS is also appropriate for various other wireless communication areas especially 5G in the 28 GHz band.
A Monolayer Frequency-Selective Surface for Wideband Shielding Application with Adequate Out-of-Band Separation and Angular Stability Ayan Chatterjee, Pratik Dey, Kousik Roy, Susanta Kumar Parui International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2024 In the proposed paper, a monolayer band‐stop frequency‐selective surface (FSS) is structured and analyzed for application in wideband shielding. The paper proposes an organized step‐by‐step method to design the frequency‐selective surface (FSS) to achieve enhanced shielding effectiveness (SE) over the entire band. The suggested FSS comprises of tripole‐shaped unit cells on both sides of a monolayer FR‐4 substrate to offer adequate shielding over the band of 3.2–8.82 GHz which includes both C‐ and X‐bands. The operating band of the FSS achieves ultrawideband shielding by means of 93% bandwidth with 60–100 dB shielding effectiveness. Experimental data are employed for the characteristics that are fairly well congruent to simulated results. Higher angular stability beyond 80° characterizes the proposed FSS. A wide range of potential uses for the proposed design exists, including microwave shielding, wideband filtering, as well as radar cross‐section (RCS) reduction, among others. The out‐of‐band RCS reduction capability of the FSS is also investigated and presented in this paper.
Gain Enhancement of Substrate Integrated Waveguide based Cavity-Backed Slotted Planar Antenna Array using FSS Superstrate Rimi Sengupta, Ayan Chatterjee, Soumen Banerjee, Susanta Kumar Parui, Monojit Mitra 2024 IEEE Microwaves Antennas and Propagation Conference Mapcon 2024, 2024 Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology based rectangular cavity-backed slotted antenna and antenna array is designed to perform at 5.52 GHz in the dominant TE101 mode with an impedance bandwidth of 5.51 – 5.53 GHz. A simulated gain of 4.8 dBi is obtained with a reflection coefficient of -18 dB for a single element antenna. It is further modified to delineate planar antenna array operating at the same resonating frequency of 5.52 GHz. The reflection coefficient and simulated gain of –26.92 dB and 10.4 dBi is obtained for 2×2 planar antenna respectively. Frequency selective surface (FSS) is used as a superstrate on planar antenna arrays leading to an increase in the gain to 14.2 dBi. Antenna and FSS fabrications are done using Arlon AD270 and AD320 substrates respectively. Parametric studies on antenna gain and reflection coefficient are executed for better results. All the simulations are carried out using ANSYS HFSS v19.0.
Composite Split-Ring Shaped Slotted SIW cavity-backed antenna with Multilayer FSS as Superstrate for Wireless Applications Rimi Sengupta, Ayan Chatterjee, Soumen Banerjee, Monojit Mitra 2023 8th International Conference on Computers and Devices for Communication Codec 2023, 2023 A low profile circular SIW based cavity-backed antenna with Complementary Split Ring - shaped slot is designed at 5.33 GHz with a narrow bandwidth of 10 MHz. Studies are performed to obtain S11 and gain leading to values of -25 dB and 2.7 dBi respectively. Gain is augmented to 6.2 dBi on placing a multi-layer FSS over the antenna. A comparative study on composite antenna-FSS structure is performed followed by fabrication.
A second-order bandpass response with a wideband frequency selective surface Ayan Chatterjee, Susanta Parui Foundations and Frontiers in Computer Communication and Electrical Engineering Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Foundations and Frontiers in Computer Communication and Electrical Engineering C2e2 2016, 2016
An acrylic sheet based frequency selective surface for GSM 1800 MHz band shielding Pradipta Sasmal, Ayan Chatterjee, Susanta Parui Foundations and Frontiers in Computer Communication and Electrical Engineering Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Foundations and Frontiers in Computer Communication and Electrical Engineering C2e2 2016, 2016
