Dr. Aymen Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi
@uoalfarahidi.edu.iq
Department of Communication Engineering.
Al-Farahidi University
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
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Scopus Publications
Oriza Candra, Abdeljelil Chammam, Mohammed. I. Alghamdi, Harikumar Pallathadka, Rachananjali Kunamneni, Rosario Mireya Romero-Parra, Hussein Ali Hussein, Amjad Ali, Ibrahim H. Al-Kharsan, and Aymen Mohammed
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Mohammed Al-Dulaimi, Aymen Al-Dulaimi, Omer Al-Dulaimi, and Maiduc Alexandra
AIP
I.M. Lawal, A. Ndagi, A. Mohammed, Y.Y. Saleh, A. Shuaibu, I. Hassan, S. Abubakar, U.B. Soja, and A.H. Jagaba
Elsevier BV
Ruaa Shallal Abbas Anooz, Ahmad Taha Abdulsadda, and Aymen M. Khodayer Al-Dulaimi
AIP Publishing
Omer Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi, Aymen Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi, Maiduc Osiceanu Alexandra, and Mohammed Khodayer Hassan Al-Dulaimi
MDPI AG
The purpose of this paper is to provide a high-level overview of the most important non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) protocols in 5G and 6G networks that incorporate code division within the context of 3GPP standardization. The article’s objective is also to look into and compare the various strategies that have been proposed as a solution to the issue of resource distribution to achieve high performance. Many different NOMA plans for 5G and 6G systems have been suggested by a multitude of businesses. NOMA is currently developing in two primary directions: one of them is with power division, and the other is with code division. During the process of standardization carried out by the 3GPP, the attention of the developers was concentrated in the second direction for the application of NOMA schemes in 5G and 6G systems. Hardware communication, also known as D2D communication, performs a significant role in the process of communication between devices. This will increase the efficiency with which network resources are utilized. Devices are now able to interact directly with one another, avoiding the need for transmission nodes. It also serves as one of the approaches to the problem of limited network coverage, which can be improved by utilizing D2D, and as a result fees and energy can be reduced. Increasing the size of the network is one way to achieve this goal, the explained of NOMA technology as well as its primary benefits in wireless technology. The most common variants of code division NOMA and the characteristics of those variants are discussed, as well as the opportunities and challenges associated with implementing those variants. NOMA protocols allow continuous expansion of wireless communication networks, i.e., 5G and 6G, which leads to enhanced performance of the networks.
Mohammed Khodayer Hassan Al-Dulaimi, Omer Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi, Aymen Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi, Maiduc Osiceanu Alexandra, and Nidal Jihad
IEEE
As a result of using machine learning and deep learning in the network, we were able to more efficiently manage the allocation of network resources and the availability of the network overall. Key performance indicators are used to analyze incoming traffic and make predictions to allocate network resources to unknown devices. High load balancing and efficient use of available resources on current network portions are made possible with intelligent resource allocation. The underlying model is smart enough to determine which piece of the network is most suited for the challenge at present. 5G mobile networks, mobile communications, and the latency of modern and future wireless networks are affected by strict regulations about how long it takes for data transmission to reach its destination, dependability, how much data can be transmitted without a problem, capacity, how much data can be transmitted securely, and speed of user connection. Mobile providers are always looking for new ways to make it possible for multiple, autonomous users to share a single network. Slicing is a method that uses network fragmentation to share the same physical infrastructure among multiple networks that have competing needs. Future communication networks will need to make decisions based on data in order to keep up with the exponential rise in traffic.
Aymen Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi, Qaysar Salih Mahdi, Ahmed H. R. Alkhayyat, Fatima H. Alsalamy, and Nejood Faisal
IEEE
Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) is a trending concept which gathered the attention of maximum of the researchers both from the academic and industrial sector. VANETs maintains some of the eminent behaviors like rapidly changing topology, improper link connections and unpredictable mobility so that achieving effective performance among the vehicles are still in an open research area. Due to its dynamic nature attaining high Quality of Service (QoS) at the time of data transmission among the network becomes the biggest challenge. This research work introduced a novel protocol which is Congestion Aware Effective Routing Protocol (CAERPV) for vehicular networks which mainly concentrates on effective route mapping process and ACO based routing protocol. Using the effective mapping process the vehicles are properly localized with low network density. Through ACO based routing the data transmission among the source to the destination becomes more optimal that's leads to reduce of delay and power utilization in vehicles. This approach-based network model is implemented in NS2 (network simulator) to analysis its performance. The parameters which are calculated to understand the network behavior are packet delivery ratio, end to end delay, energy efficiency and routing overhead where those outcomes are connected with the earlier methods are CGQLRP and ILARPR. After analyzing the outcome it is came to know that the CAERPV method attains highest data delivery with low power utility which greatly helps to improve the network communication quality.
Aymen Al-Dulaimi, Nejood Alkhazraji, F. H. Abbas, Ahmed H. R. Alkhayyat, and Hassan Hassoon Al Delfi
IEEE
Commonly Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) technology is a highly active and huge mobility based network which needs a proper route settings, neighbor settings and stable link to transmit the data. Because vehicles in VANETs consist of huge mobility which is unpredictable that's leads to affect the network performance with the increase of delay and high energy consumption. To overcome such flaws in this network Energy Aware Optimization is proposed which concentrates on certain segments like network model, energy model, neighbor selection and link duration. Through the network and energy model the input energy allocations are clearly analyzed and the essential resources are properly assigned to the vehicles. Through neighbor selection process the residual area and border area of the vehicles are calculated and according to that the neighbors are assigned to the current vehicles. Finally the link duration process is mainly employed to increase the lifetime of the vehicles. The experimentation of the proposed work is done in NS2 and the parameters which are considered for the analysis are packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, routing overhead, and throughput whereas the baseline methods which are used for the comparative analysis are HACCS and RAPSO. From the comparison it is shown that the proposed method achieves high delivery ratio and throughput compared with the earlier methods and that leads to increase the network efficiency and lifetime.
Aymen Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi, Qaysar Salih Mahdi, Ahmed H. R. Alkhayyat, F.H. Abbas, and Ali Abbas Alsalamy
IEEE
In recent years vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) reached the stage of continuous expansion and as well it is widely used in lots of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) based applications. V ANETs in general have two kinds of transmission methods which is vehicle to vehicle or vehicle to roadside unit (RSU) so that it is very essential to focus on reducing the network delay and overhead during communication. Improvising the routing characteristics is the best solution to overcome such kinds of challenges in vehicular communication. For that purpose, in the article Effective Neighbor Discovery based Routing in Emergency VANETs (ENDRE) are concentrated which developed a hybrid routing prototype which is the combination of improved version of Geographic Routing Technique (GPRS) routing and Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing. At the initial stage the process behind the communication among the vehicles and with the presence of RSU is clearly elaborated. Secondly the idea of EGPRS and it working functionalities are discussed. Finally Improved AODV routing is used to find the effective neighbor selection among the current vehicles which are present in its coverage area it each instant of time. The implementation of this hybrid routing protocol is done in NS2 with SUMO mobility and the parameters which are measuring to calculate its outcomes are End to end delay, routing overhead, packet delivery ratio and energy efficiency. As so to perform the comparative analysis the results are considered with the recent research works like RO-VANETs and SHACO-VANETs. From the outperformance it is shown that the proposed ENDRE achieved high efficiency with lower delay and routing overhead when compared with taken recent works.
Aymen Al-Dulaimi, Qaysar Salih Mahdi, Ahmed H. R. Alkhayyat, F. H. Abbas, and Nejood Alkhazraji
IEEE
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is a highly trending and emerged technology which greatly helps to improve the standard of intelligent communication system (ICS). Currently the vehicle usage is highly increased in the real- time applications that results in the reduction of throughput and the increase of latency among the vehicles. On the other hand, VANETs special functionalities like rapidly varying topology and vehicles high speed creates resource scarcity among the vehicles that leads to reduce the quality of service (QoS) among the vehicles. In order to overcome this issues, Cost and Energy Aware Resource Scheduling Model for Road Side Units (CERS-RSUV) are concentrated in VANETs. Through this method an effective system model is been developed which connects the vehicles, Road Side Units (RSU) and the cloud. Secondly a proper resource scheduling is performed which mainly concentrates on reducing the resource allocation overhead to improve the communication standard. As the results the communication cost of the network is reduced that leads to enhance the network quality. The implementation of this method is carried out in NS2 with SUMO and open street mapping and the parameters chosen for the outcome analysis are packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, packet loss, and routing overhead. To perform comparative analysis the results of the proposed method is compared with the earlier methods like MORS-PSO and GRA-HTLD. From the results analysis it is proven that the proposed method achieves lower delay and overhead when compared with the baseline methods.
Aymen Al-Dulaimi, Nejood Alkhazraji, Ahmed H. R. Alkhayyat, F. H. Abbas, and Nidhal Abd Mohammed
IEEE
In recent days several innovative technologies are introduced and it gets rapidly developed to improve the life quality of the humans. In the article we are going to concentrate about the Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) which becomes a highly promising technology where it occupies huge number smart applications in the market. VANETs supports both Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to- Infrastructure (V2I) based data transmission so that it is very essential to provide effective communication to avoid road side accidents and traffic Jams. For that purpose here a Delay and Mobility Aware Effective Cross Layer Approach (DMECLA) is developed which concentrates on two layers in the TCP/IP model which is the physical layer and the routing layer. Through physical layer, clear channel assessment is carried out with suitable fading model which greatly helps to reduce the delay among the vehicles. In the routing layer, multi-hop communication is concerted and the signal to interference (SIR) ratio is measured to attain better data transmission among the vehicles. Together these methods help to enhance the overall performance of the network. To form this network in practical way the software namely network simulation 2 is used and it is extremely appropriate for vehicle based data transmission and as well the parameters which are used for the performance analysis are throughput, computing overhead, computational delay, and packet delivery ratio. To carry out comparative analysis the recent works which are used here are CLCBP and the ACMPS. From the outcome it is understood that the DMECLA achieves maximum delivery ratio and throughput and as well minimum computational delay and overhead when compared with the earlier methods.
O. Al-Dulaimi, M. Al-Dulaimi, A. Al-Dulaimi and Maiduc Osiceanu Alexandra
Saif Saad Ahmed, , , , , , Anwar Ja’afar M. Jawad, Shorook K. Abd, Aymen Mohammed, and Amjed Hameed Majeed
American Scientific Publishing Group
Because of the proliferation of digital technologies, organizations now have access to previously unimaginable troves of data. In order to make educated choices and generate beneficial results, accurate data analysis and interpretation are essential. The use of data visualization in this context has proven its value. Recent studies found that data visualization increased business owners' drive to make a profit. To aid business owners in evaluating issues related to self-service data resources, a dynamic IoT-based enterprise management framework (IEMF-IDM) was presented. The suggested system uses fusion optimization techniques to maximize the fusion score and enhance decision-making through the use of various models and methods, such as machine learning and fuzzy approaches. Simulation studies in a number of domains, including robots, cloud settings, and multimedia data fusion, attest to the system's efficacy.
Aymen Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi, Omer Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi, Mohammed Khodayer Hassan Al-Dulaimi, and Maiduc Osiceanu Alexandra
IEEE
In recent years have seen several significant advances in technology, particularly in the field of wireless communication, and demand has been growing at an exponential rate. This has led to problems including interference, lack of suitable space, and bandwidth restrictions. Conventionally, radio waves have been utilized to interact with one another; as a result of this channel's inherent inefficiency. There is an increasing requirement to search for other technologies. As a result, contact through the use of light is an extremely compelling vision of wireless communication that will solve the majority of channel ambiguity. The most up-to-date method of contact is known as LiFi (Light Fidelity). The Visible Light Communication system solved the issues of illumination as well as communication issues concurrently. Within the scope of this article, a Visible Light Communication system idea was conceived and put into action.
Omer Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi, Mohammed Khodayer Hassan Al-Dulaimi, Maiduc Osiceanu Alexandra, and Aymen Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi
IEEE
In order to address the spectrum scarcity issues that affect today's wireless services, the concept of cognitive radio has been proposed. A licensed spectrum is made available to smart and adaptable secondary users through this framework. Because of cognitive radio technology, these unlicensed secondary users can take advantage of any spectrum utilization opportunity by dynamically adjusting their broadcast characteristics. In this study, we explore the defining aspects and primary capabilities of cognitive radio focused technology. As well as Spectrum sensing has been considered a key enabling technology for cognitive radio based wireless networks of the future. In this paper, we evaluate and contrast a variety of technologies in terms of their sensing sensitivity, the complexity of implementation, and computational demands. Several problems with spectrum sensing have been studied, and several opinions have been presented.
Aymen Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi, Omer Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi, and Mohammed Khodayer Hassan Al-Dulaimi
IEEE
Device-to-device communications are currently very important in the field of communication. The reason for this is that it maximizes the efficiency with which network resources are used. Using his setup, devices can talk to one another without going via any intermediary nodes. D2D can also help alleviate the issue of insufficient network coverage, cutting down on expenses and power consumption. The expansion of the network is the key to achieving this goal. This article's goal is to compare and contrast the many solutions proposed for one of the three major challenges in D2D communication: the resource allocation problem D2D detection, connection mode selection and resource allocation). The eNodeB in the network's center facilitates a controlled mode of operation, although an autonomous mode is also available. Both methods are completely hands-free. Within the context of 3GPP standardization, the technology of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access is investigated. The proliferation of IoT and the potential for massive subscriber device connection to new wireless networks, many times bigger than the scale of connection in existing networks, necessitate the introduction of new technologies for non-orthogonal multiple access (connection of billions of new devices). NOMA's future growth will mostly occur in two different ways: one is with power division and the other is with code division. Developer firms' focus during 3GPP standardization was on the second direction; nonetheless, some issues have been detected with the application of NOMA in 5G and 6G systems, necessitating further study. Data traffic in 6G networks is expected to be hundreds of times higher than in 5G networks, necessitating the introduction of innovative multiple access technologies to meet stringent demands for energy efficiency and communication availability. This article provides a high-level introduction to 3GPP-recommended non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) utilizing code division methods. Numerous NOMA schemes have been proposed by various companies for 5G and 6G networks. In this short example, the range and primary benefits of NOMA technology are highlighted. Popular types of NOMA code division are discussed, along with their characteristics, future potential and existing issues.
Mustafa Hamid Hassan, Ali Hashim Abbas, Mohammed Hasan Mutar, Mohammed Ahmed Jubair, Sami Abduljabbar Rashid, Ahmed Jamal Ahmed, Mohammed I. Habelalmateen, Aymen Mohammed, and L. Audah
IEEE
In recent years, new networking paradigms such as Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET), Flying Ad-hoc Networks (FANETs), and SEANETs have emerged as a result of Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs). UAVs are gaining popularity as they are used in large-scale real-time applications. When UAVs are linked together, they form a FANET, which works collectively and in the most efficient manner possible. FANETs are designed to be used in a wide range of missions and rapidly changing scenarios. As a result, given the nature of the applications and services used to deploy UAVs, efficient routing protocols are essential. Other routing protocols, on the other hand, have been developed to date, each with its own set of limitations. This research investigates the AODV, DSDV, and AOMDV routing protocols in the context of a FANET. In terms of delay, the DSDV exceeds the other protocols, whereas the AOMDV outperforms the others in terms of average TP and PDR.
Ihab Mahdi Almaameri and Aymen Mohammed
IEEE
One of the main steps in flight planning is delay prediction in the flight network. To increase the flexibility of the flight network against disturbances, it is necessary to identify the occurrence of delays and the amount of these delays in the network. Identifying delays in the network will make it possible to plan to deal with delays by considering strategies to absorb delays. Therefore, the first step in solving the flight scheduling problem is to predict delays. In this article, the prediction of flight delays by three different classifiers, neural network, decision tree and support vector machine has been discussed and the results obtained have been compared with other works. The results obtained from the simulation show that the proposed method has a much higher accuracy than other methods.
Omer Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi, Mohammed Khodayer Hassan Al-Dulaimi, and Aymen Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi
IEEE
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a novel paradigm that enables the development of a slew of Services for the future of technology advancements. When it comes to IoT applications, the cyber and physical worlds can be seamlessly integrated, but they are essentially limitless. However, despite the great efforts of standardization bodies, coalitions, companies, researchers, and others, there are still a slew of issues to overcome in order to fully realize the IoT's promise. These concerns should be examined from a variety of perspectives, including enabling technology, applications, business models, and social and environmental consequences. The focus of this paper is on open concerns and challenges from a technological standpoint. We will study the differences in technical such Sigfox, NB-IoT, LoRa, and 6LowPAN, and discuss their advantages and disadvantage for each technology compared with other technologies. Demonstrate that each technology has a position in the internet of things market. Each technology has different advantages and disadvantages it depends on the quality of services, latency, and battery life as a mention. The first will be analysis IoT technologies. SigFox technology offers a long-range, low-power, low-throughput communications network that is remarkably resistant to environmental interference, enabling information to be used efficiently in a wide variety of applications. We analyze how NB-IoT technology will benefit higher-value-added services markets for IoT devices that are willing to pay for exceptionally low latency and high service quality. The LoRa technology will be used as a low-cost device, as it has a very long-range (high coverage).
Oleksandr Lemeshko, Oleksandra Yeremenko, Maryna Yevdokymenko, Amal Mersni, Aymen M.K. Al-Dulaimi, and Ahmad M. Hailan
IEEE
The paper presents a flow-based mathematical model of fault-tolerant routing of multicast flows. The optimal primary and backup paths are calculated by implementing path and bandwidth protection schemes within the model for each multicast flow. The analysis of obtained solutions was carried out in work. The model's operability for implementing the specified protection schemes and their optimality according to variants of the used routing metrics has been confirmed. The proposed mathematical model can be used to develop protocols for fault-tolerant multicast routing of multimedia flows.
Oleksandr Lemeshko, Maryna Yevdokymenko, Oleksandra Yeremenko, Aymen M. K. Al-Dulaimi, Pavel Segec, and Jozef Papan
IEEE
In the paper, the QoE-centric adaptive multipath routing tensor model aimed at provisioning the R-factor in software-defined networks has been presented. The flow-based routing model that is the base of the proposed approach takes into account possible packet losses caused by congestion of network elements and includes the conditions for realizing a multipath routing strategy, flow conservation, and link overload prevention. A tensor network description has been applied in order to construct the analytical form of conditions for ensuring the Quality of Experience in terms of the R-factor, as well as the expressions for calculating the average end-to-end delay and the probability of packet loss. Finally, the technological problem of adaptive routing has been reduced to solving the optimization problem of nonlinear programming that made it possible to ensure the adaptability feature of routing solutions when an increase in QoE requirements caused an increase in network resources needed. Using the proposed model is characterized by the load balancing within the multipath obtained for the network. As a result, a numerical study on a network fragment has been demonstrated, which is confirmed the proposed model adequacy and effectiveness in terms of load balancing in a case of increasing the network load.
Aymen Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi, Mohammed Khodayer Hassan Al-Dulaimi, and Omer Mohammed Khodayer Al-Dulaimi
IEEE
a model is created for the joint service of multi-service traffic in the IMS / LTE network. The reception of requests for the transmission of service traffic in real time follows the Poisson model. The groups also receive demands for data traffic transfer based on the Poisson model. The group's requests occupy the free units of the line resource or the free waiting places to start the service if the entire resource is occupied. If all available resources and waiting spaces are filled, requests that exceed the group will be denied. The requests' number in the group ranges among one and the sum of the number of units of resources and waiting places and is determined by that of the corresponding probability, which sums to one. The size of the file is distributed exponentially with an average value expressed in bits. Priority is given to real-time traffic in terms of occupying and using the channel resource. This is expressed in the reduction of the data transfer speed to a certain minimum value equal to the selected unit of resources.
Oleksandr Lemeshko, Amal Mersni, Oleksandra Yeremenko, Stephen Olayinka Omowumi, Vadym Volotka, and Aymen M.K. Al-Dulaimi
IEEE
This paper is devoted to surveying recent efforts to overcome fault-tolerance issues in the Software-Defined Network control plane. Additionally, it has proposed an approach to adopt First Hop Redundancy Protocols in the current Software-Defined Networking framework. It highlights promising future directions for academic researchers and engineers to pursue improving Software-Defined Network resilience and inspire new solutions. Consequently, the future research directions are seen in the proposition of the flow-based mathematical models of the control plane and data plane fault-tolerant interaction based on redundancy. At the same time, optimization problem statements and load balancing awareness will help to use available network resources effectively.