Bakhtiar Basyah
@unsyiah.ac.id
Department of Agrotechnology/Faculty of Agriculture
Universitas Syiah Kuala
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Zuyasna, Zuraida, E. Hayati, A. Marliah, B. Basyah, Nura, Y. Ghufrani, and Gunawan
IOP Publishing
Abstract The low availability of superior soybean varieties that can adapt to Indonesia’s diverse environment and agroecosystem is the cause of low soybean production. On November 3, 1992, the Kipas Putih variety from Aceh was released as a National variety. This variety is not popular and does not meet the tempe industry criteria because the seed size is relatively small when compared to other superior varieties such as the Dega1, Biosoy, and Grobogan varieties. The Kipas Putih soybean variety weighs 12 g for 100 seeds an average dry weight production capacity of 1.69 tons ha-1, and a protein and fat content of 35% and 20.5%. To improve the quality of the Kipas Putih soybean variety, mutations carried out using gamma ray radiation at Patir Batan, Pasar Minggu – Jakarta. Research results from the mass selection process to the 8th generation (M8) produces several lines that weigh 100 grains between 14 - 18 g and a protein content of between 40 - 48%, which exceeds the characteristics of the Kipas Putih. The seed weight per plant of the M8 Kipas Putih soybean mutant line was higher than that of the Kipas Putih (parent) variety and the Dega1 variety. Most of the qualitative characters of the mutant lines were no different from their parent Kipas Putih variety. Most of the qualitative characters of the mutant lines were no different from their parents the Kipas Putih variety. This shows that mutation using gamma ray radiation can change quantitative characters such as the number of seeds per plant and the weight of 100 seeds.
M Azizi, S Syamsuddin, and B Basyah
IOP Publishing
Abstract This study aims to examine the effect of the number of ducks on the growth and yield of paddy. This research was conducted in Paloh Village, Samalanga District, Bireuen Regency. This research started from July to November 2021. This study used a non-factorial randomized block design with three replications. The treatments of this experiments were the number of ducks per hectare, namely control (without ducks), 1,200 ducks.ha−1(3 ducks/Plot), 1,600 ducks.ha−1 (4 ducks/Plot), 2,000 ducks.ha−1 (5 ducks/ha Plot), 2,400 ducks.ha−1 (6 ducks/Plot), and 2,800 ducks.ha−1 (7 ducks/Plot). The experimental plots size were 5.0 m x 5.0 m and each plot was fenced with plastics. The observation parameters are plant heights, number of tillers, weight of ducks, weed population, number of snails, panicles numbers, panicles length, filled grain weight, empty grain weight, 1000 grains weight, yield potential, and rice yield. The results of this study showed the number of duck on paddy crops had a very significant effect on the parameters of plant height and the number of tillers at 30, 45, and 60 days after planting, filled grain, yield potential, rice yield, duck weight, number of snails, but had no significant effect on the plant biomass (dry weight) parameters, panicles number, panicles length, empty grain weight, and 1000 grain weight and was able to suppress weed populations accurately.
Sabaruddin Zakaria, Edwar Rustam, Bakhtiar Basyah, and Trisda Kurniawan
Agricultural Research Communication Center
Background: The research was conducted to screen rice cultivars with resistance ability to high-temperature conditions and analyze the relationship between pollen viability and filled grain of native Indonesia rice cultivars. Methods: The rice seeds were germinated, sown into a tray and then transplanted into pots filled with sandy loam and compost 3:1. After 20% of flowering, four pots of each cultivar were kept under ambient temperature (28-32°C) and the other four pots were transferred to high-temperature (33-38°C) conditions. Pollen stainability and pollen germination were conducted using IKI solution and by germinating them under in vitro conditions respectively before being viewed under the light microscope. Yield characters were analyzed to obtain a relationship with pollen viability. Result: Percentage of pollen germination, filled and empty grains of rice cultivars significantly differed between the two conditions by t-test. Ciherang and Sigeudop were two resistant cultivars for high-temperature treatment, with filled grain percentage more than 85%. There was a strong relationship between pollen germination and filled grains at ambient temperature (r=0.95; p less than 0.01) and high temperature (r=0.94; p less than 0.01). Rice cultivars that show high pollen germination under high-temperature conditions would produce a high percentage of filled grains.
M Jalil, B Basyah, E Idris, M Sari, and S Zakaria
IOP Publishing
Abstract Sigupai is one of Aceh’s local rice that highly popular because of the distinctive scent. Sigupai is still widely grown by the farmers in the southern western region of Aceh. However, this local rice has inferior production, height plant architecture, deep age and the average of production about 4 tons ha-1. The improvement of Sigupai local rice from the agronomic character and the harvest age can be done through crosses with Yinzhan varieties that carry sd-1 genes. The study aims to analyze changes in agronomic character and fragrant gene inheritance in Sigupai/Yinzhan F2 derived. Analysis of agronomic character is carried out by observing harvest age, plant height, weight of 1000 grains, grain weight per clump and yield potential per hectare. The planting material used was F2 derivative of Sigupai/Yinzhan as many as 104 individuals planted in pots. PCR analysis was conducted to analyze the presence of fragrant genes in F2 progenies of Sg/Yz. The data was analyzed with Chi-Square analysis. The results showed 104 plant genotypes analyzed by PCR, 64.42% of F2 progenies Sigupai/Yinzhan inherited the fragrant gene. The results of analysis of agronomic character showed 62 genotypes there were 95.08% of ripening aged, 59.01% had a short stem architecture and 6 genotypes (9.83%) had a potential yield of 4,04,-5,33 tons ha-1.
Zuyasna, E Hayati, Y Ghufrani, A Marliah, B Basyah, and Nura
IOP Publishing
Abstract This study aimed to obtain the homogeny of M8 soybean lines in an effort to release new high yielding varieties. The research was conducted in Lamsidaya village, and the observation of yield components was carried out at the Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala. This study did not use an experimental design, so that the quantitative characters were observed individually from each plant, then analyzed by estimating the heritability broad sense value and the progress of selection. The material used were var. Kipas Putih and var. Dega1 as control, eight of 7th generation Kipas Putih mutant lines (B4, B7, B10, B12, B13, B15, B18 and B22). All genotypes were planted in rectangular plot 10 m x 1 m, drainage 50 cm, and planting distance 50 cm x 30 cm. Plants were maintained in accordance with the recommendation for soybean cultivation from Balitkabi, and fertilizer NPK (16:16:16) was given 200 g/plot (200 kgha-1). Parameters observed included plant height, flowering time, harvest time, number of productive branches, total number of pods per plant, number of filled pods per plant, percentage of filled pods per plant, seed weight per plant, weight of 100 seeds, seed weight per plot, and yield potential. All quantitative characters indicated increase on selection except for the character of plant height, percentage of filled pods and weight of 100 seeds because the heritability value was low. The B18 line has the potential to become a new high yielding variety because it has a high yield potential (3.02 tons ha-1) with a large seed size compared to the other seven mutant lines and is also higher than the parent Kipas Putih and var Dega 1 varieties.
Cut Nur Ichsan, Rita Andani, Bakhtiar Basyah, Sabaruddin Zakaria, and Efendi Efendi
Insight Society
D Novianti, B Basyah, and E Kesumawati
IOP Publishing
Abstract Trichoderma harzianum is a soil fungus that plays a role in decomposing soil organic matter, and contains several components of substances such as N, P, S and Mg and nutrients needed by plants for their growth. Intercropping is one way to increase the efficiency of land use by planting several types of plants on the same land and at the same time. Meanwhile, to increase land use efficiency and reduce the risk of chili farming failure, it can be achieved by implementing an intercropping system of chili with shallots. The research aimed to determine of T.harzianum dosage and the shallots population (Allium cepa L.). The interaction between these on the chili production (Capsicum annuum L.) by intercropping system. The experimental design used was Randomized Block Design 4 × 3 factorial with three replications. Threre were interactions between T. harzianum dosage and shallots population on fruits number per plant, fruit weight per plant and fruit length per plant. The best result were found at 20 g per plant T. harzianum dosage and two shallots population on fruits number per plant (153,33 fruit), fruit weight per plant (121,55 g) and fruit length per plant (126,41 cm).
S Zakaria, B Basyah, H Oktarina, E Kesumawati, M Jalil, and Suriani
IOP Publishing
Abstract Tinggong, one of Acehnese rice variety which has long-life span, low production, high stems, and susceptible to bacterial blight (BB). To improve its performance, Tinggong has been crossbred with IRBB27 which has resistance gene (Xa-27) to BB. Five genotypes (T2, T3, T10, T18, T22) of F4 from the cross were used in this research. The existences of Xa-27 gene in the plants were detected molecularly using dominant STS (Sequence-Tagged Site) marker M964e. Phenotypic analysis of plants resistance to BB were performed by inoculation of Xoo strain IV and VIII at 15 DAT and analysed their lesion at three weeks of inoculation. Prospective genotypes were identified based on their agronomic characters. The results showed that from 60 plant samples observed, 47 plants (78,33%) from the cross inherited Xa-27 gene, and 34 plants (56,6%) showed resistance to both Xoo strain IV and VIII. The study also revealed that there were 8 plants from this genotypes has potential to be developed. These plants showed resistance to both Xoo strain IV and VIII, harvesting time from 108-116 days after sowing, with estimated production from 6,3-9,4 ton ha-1. These genotypes were T2.10 ; T3.12; T10.9; T18.1; T18.2; T18.7; T18.10 and T22.3.
Cut Nur Ichsan, Bakhtiar Basyah, Sabaruddin Zakaria, and Efendi Efendi
Southern Cross Publishing
Drought-flood abrupt alterations (DFAA) is a condition in drought season when sudden rain inundate rice plants. These events are due to the high frequency of extreme climate events that might pose a threat to rice productivity. DFAA causes cumulative stress on rice which affects crop growth and alters dry matter accumulation. This study aims to understand the effect of DFAA to dry matter accumulation by assessing six rice varieties under DFAA. Three treatments were provided such as continuously irrigated as non-water stress (NS) as a control; drought to water stress -35 kPa (DFAA1) followed by sudden flood; drought to severe water stress -70 kPa (DFAA2) followed by abrupt floods; repeated until harvest. The study found that the alteration of dry matter accumulation was determined by root length, root weight, shoot length and shoot weight. Only varieties that are able to increase root depth under water stress fluctuation will be able to maintain the yield. The results of study showed that root depth was positively correlated with shoot length (r = 0.68), shoot weight (r = 0.62), root weight (r = 0.57), percentage of filled grain (r = 0.55) and number of filled grain per hill (r = 0.49). Shoot length was positively correlated with shoot weight (r = 0.83), root weight (r = 0.75) and the number of filled grain (r = 0.62), while shoot weight was only positively correlated with root weight (r = 0.88). This means that only root depth and shoot length can increase the seed setting rate and the number of filled grains per hill. Furthermore, at DFAA2, the percentage of filled grain was highest in Sipulo followed by Bo Santeut, Sanbei, Towuti and Situ Patenggang, which mean that varieties with deeper and heavier root dry weight can maintain higher yields than shallow and low root dry weight. The result of the study may allow to select rice varieties that are resistant to multilevel water-stress and able to maintain the potential yield, by looking at root depth, root dry weight, and through their grain yield in general. These traits could become key indicators for resistance to DFAA stress in rice. It is also necessary to pay attention to the fluctuation of soil water content in critical phases, especially in the reproductive phase and grain filling
Efendi ., Elly Kesumawaty, Sabaruddin Zakaria, and Bakhtiar and Syafruddin
Science Alert
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the performances of morpho-agronomic characters of rice landraces in developing new varieties that are adaptable to climate change and suitable for the organic SRI method. Sixteen genotypes of the selected local rice were treated to evaluate the phenotypes under the organic cultivation method. The observed rice landraces showed a phenotypic variation in morpho-agronomic performances. Among them was the plant height, leaves length, leaves width, number of tillers, productive panicles, heading date, panicles length, filled grains per spike, empty grains per spike, 1000 grains weight and grain yield potential, which were clearly affected by the genotypes. Sigupai showed the tallest genotype, while Pade Mas showed the shortest genotype with the highest numbers of the filled grains and the grains yield potential. Rom Mokot had higher numbers of the filled grains and the grain yield potential compared to Sigupai. It was found that Ciherang had the shortest and the narrowest leaf with the lowest grain yield potential, while the genotypes of Salah Mayang Ru showed the tallest leaf and higher grain yield potential compared to Ciherang. The genotype of Sikuneng had the lowest number of tillers, but it had the highest productive panicles with moderate grain yield potential. The shortest period of flowering found was for the Ciherang variety. Meanwhile, the Sikuneng produced flower at the longest period for heading. Hence, the results of this discovery are expected to provide an improved sustainability of intensified systems for rice breeding of crop resistance to environmental stress in the future.
Yanchang Luo, Sabaruddin Zakaria, Bakhtiar Basyah, Tingchen Ma, Zefu Li, Jianbo Yang, and Zhongchao Yin
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Abstract Background Rice is one of the most important staple food crops in Asia. Since the first green revolution beginning in 1960s, high-yield semidwarf modern rice varieties have been widely planted; however, traditional rice varieties with tall plant type are still grown in many countries due to their good grain quality and adaptation to local climate and environment. Siputeh, a local rice variety mainly planted in Java and Sumatra islands of Indonesia, produces long grain rice with good cooking and eating quality. However, the variety has low yield with tall plant type and long growth duration and is highly susceptible to biotic and abiotic stress. Results Siputeh as the recurrent female was crossed with the donor line WH421, an elite paternal line of hybrid rice containing the sd1, Wx b, Xa4 and Xa21 genes, followed by backcrossing and self-pollination. TS4, a BC3F4 line derived from the breeding program, was obtained through marker-assisted selection for the sd1, Wx b, Xa4 and Xa21 loci. TS4 has semi-dwarf phenotype and short growth duration. TS4 conferred disease resistance to multiple Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) strains collected from different countries around the world. TS4 achieved higher grain yield than Siputeh in two field trials conducted in Banda Aceh, Indonesia and Lingshui, China, respectively. Finally, TS4 has better grain quality than Siputeh in terms of degree of chalkiness and amylose content. Conclusion An improved rice line, designed as TS4, has been developed to contain semi-dwarf gene sd1, low amylase content gene Wx b and bacterial light resistance genes Xa4 and Xa21 through marker-assisted selection. TS4 has semi-dwarf phenotype with reduced growth duration, produces high yield with good grain quality and provides broad-spectrum resistance to Xoo strains. The development of TS4 enriches the diversity of local rice varieties with high yield potential and good grain quality.