Associate Professor, Department of ECE, School of Electrical and Communication Vel Tech Rangarajan and Dr, Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and technology
Segmentation of Plasmodium Falciparum Infected Cell in Blood Smear Images Using Optimized U-Net R Saranya, A. Bakiya Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Biosignals Images and Instrumentation Icbsii 2026, 2026 Malaria is a major global health concern, contributing to significant illness and mortality across many regions of the world. Every year a millions of cases reported, early detection and accurate diagnosis are critical for effective disease control and timely treatment. Malaria diagnosis has been regarded as the gold standard of the manual microscopic analysis of the blood smears. The manual microscopic examination of blood smears has been considered as the gold standard for malaria diagnosis. The identification of infected cell using microscope is highly challenging during mass screening in rural areas. Hence, the identification of infected cells in blood smear images requires the efficient computer assisted system. In this study, the camera was used to capture the images of the thin blood smear of Plasmodium Falciparum in microscope after staining the slides. The quality of collected blood smear images was enhanced by Histogram Equalization (HE) techniques. Further, the Honey Badger Optimization based U Net (HBA-UNet) was developed to segment the infected cells in thin blood smear images of Plasmodium Falciparum species. The performance of the developed segmentation model is compared with existing deep learning models such as Mobilenet, Efficientnet, and UNet. The results demonstrated that the dice coefficient of HBA based U Net model attains higher (96.07%) when compared to the deep learning models. Similarly, recall, precision, accuracy and IOU of HBA based UNet model achieves 90.93%, 91.26%, 98.77% and 91.24 % respectively, which are higher when compared to the other deep learning models. This finding reveals that the HBA-UNet model is efficient and accurate segmentation of Plasmodium Falciparum infected cell in the thin blood smear images.
Segmentation Of Neutrophil Nucleus in White Blood Cell Images Using Kapur's entropy based Improved Grey Wolf Optimization R Saranya, A Bakiya Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Bio Signals Images and Instrumentation Icbsii 2025, 2025 Qualitative analysis of blood disorders is the most challenging job in current medical image. Diagnosing disorders through qualitative analysis relies heavily on approximation. Disorders related to white blood cells (WBC) are notably prevalent in medical practice. Identifying blood disorders leads to classification of various blood related conditions. Hence, the automated identification of blood related disorder allows to bypass the existing complex environment and focus on the complex image insight provided by the images. In this study, the automated segmentation of neutrophil nucleus in white blood cells microscopic through Kapur’s entropy multilevel thresholding technique. In the process of an efficient segmentation through Kapur’s entropy, the threshold optimal values are required to change the class variance or entropy criteria. To achieve these optimizations, Improved Grey Wolf (IGWO) nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms are employed for this study. The experimental test has conducted on standard images using various levels of threshold (2, 3, 4, 5 and 6). The efficacy of Kapur’s entropy based improved grey wolf optimization approach has been evaluated and performed with established optimization methods contains Genetic Algorithm(GA), Moth Fly Optimization (MFO), Firefly Optimization, Fire Hawk Optimization and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Results demonstrated that Kapur’s entropy based IGWO outperformed for neutrophil nucleus segmentation in microscopic images when compared to other optimization techniques in both quality and consistency.
A High Sensitive Nanomaterial Coated Side Polished Fiber Sensor for Detection of Cardiac Troponin I Antibody M. Valliammai, J. Mohanraj, Balasubramanian Esakki, Lung-Jieh Yang, Chua-Chin Wang, A. Bakiya IEEE Transactions on Nanobioscience, 2025 The advent of evanescent field based fiber optic biosensor and advancements in nanotechnology has create an excellent opportunity in label-free detection of biomarkers which plays vital role in the early, rapid and accurate diagnosis of acute diseases. In this work, we demonstrate a high sensitive Molybdenum Tungsten Disulfide (MoWS2) coated side polished fiber (SPF) biosensor for accurate and early diagnosis of cardio vascular disease (CVD). The Cardiac Troponins I (cTnI) is identified as a biomarker of interest for early and rapid diagnonis of CVD. The proposed SPF biosensor exhibits surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) detection due to the evanescent field interaction between MoWS2 nano coated side polished region and anti-CTnI. The proposed SPF biosensor possess the high sensitivity of 82% to detect the cTnI antibody with a limit of detection (LOD) about 17.5 pg/mL. The peak SPR shift have been calculated as 61 nm for analyte concentrations of 500 pg/mL Moreover, the proposed SPF biosensor possess the high degree of selectivity and environmental stability to CTnI among three analytes such as CTnI, Estrogen and Glucose. The hydrophobic interactions of MoWS2 and cTnI antibody leads to chemical free biofunctionalization of antibody in the sensing region. Hence, the simulation results shows the surface interaction strength calculated as 1.29 KJ mol-1/nm2 in order to evaluate the hydrophobic interactions. Thus, the proposed optical biosensor is a promising candidate for "point-of-care" testing of CVD disorders and preclinical assessments.
Mathematical Modeling of the Impact of a 5 Day Interim Relaxation at 21 Days in 42 days Lockdown Strategy on COVID-19 Transmission in India Flavia Immaculyne, BakiyaAmbikapathy, Kamalanand Krishnamurthy, Lourduraj De Britto Proceedings of the 2024 10th International Conference on Biosignals Images and Instrumentation Icbsii 2024, 2024 As of the first week of May 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic is present in 212 nations globally. Many countries have enforced lockdown measures strategically to slow down the epidemic's spread, with the objective of relieving pressure on healthcare systems. Mathematical modelling serves as a useful tool for the prediction of the future numbers of the infected population and for analyzing the effects of various intervention strategies. In this work, a mathematical model based on ordinary differential equations has been developed for analyzing the impact of an interim relaxation of 5 days at 21 days in a 42 days lockdown period. Results of the simulation demonstrate that the relaxation of 5 days during the 42 days lockdown does not result in any adverse effects if the transmission rate remains the same. However, the model-based analysis suggests that an increase in the transmission rate by a factor of 1.2 times during the relaxation period due to the possible aggregation of the susceptible with the infected, it could shift the growth pattern of infected cases from sub-exponential to exponential.
Rational Quadratic Gaussian Process Regression Approaches for Identification of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient in Biotin Tablets Using Hyperspectral Sensor A Bakiya, A Anitha, M Valliammai, K Lohith Kumar, S Tarun Kumar, K Jay Sri Ram 5th International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems Icesc 2024 Proceedings, 2024 Hyperspectral imaging is a technique that offers detailed chemical or compositional information that is generally not accessible through standard imaging methods like intensity or color imaging based on light reflection, transmission, or emission. Machine-learning techniques are often used to interpret hyperspectral imaging data. On the other hand., determining the amount of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) present in biotin tablets by sample destructive techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). An effective, computer-aided model is necessary to accurately determine the API content of biotin tablets. The study used a non-invasive method called hyperspectral imaging to examine the unique properties of the biotin capsules. The Rational Quadratic Gaussian Process Regression (RQ-GPR) analysed the spectral parameters obtained from the hyperspectral image. The major performance metrics derived by RQ-GPR are being contrasted with those generated from advanced regression techniques. The results demonstrated that RQ-GPR exhibited a superior performance with a R2 value of 0.99., root mean squared error (RMSE) of 1.5184., mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.1636 and mean squared error (MSE) of 2.3056. in predicting the API content from the hyperspectral imaging data of biotin tablet. The findings indicate that hyperspectral imaging is a rapid., non-invasive., and precise method for estimating the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) content of pharmaceutical medications.
Deep Neural Network for Predicting Supercontinuum Broadening in Chalcogenide Photonic Quasi crystal Fiber M. Valliammai, A. Bakiya, J. Mohanraj, Hiran Kumar Singh, Sathis Addanki, Rajan Rishav Proceedings of the International Conference on Numerical Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices Nusod, 2024 Generation SuperContinuum (SC) is a complex nonlinear process caused by chaotic and unstable behaviour, especially simulated by short duration pump pulses when the optical fiber work on the anomalous dispersion region. Understanding the spectral broadening behavior is difficult due to variations in fiber length and input pulse parameters. To address this challenge, we introduce a Deep Neural Network (DNN) to predict the SC spectrum broadening. Remarkably, the DNN provides accurate predictions across different lengths of Chalcogenide (ChG) Photonic quasi crystal Fiber (PQF), achieving a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.3677 and an R-Squared value of 0.99. Additionally, this DNN significantly reduces the computational time compared to MATLAB and COMSOL Multiphysics software.
Artificial Bee-Optimized CNN for Osteoporosis Detection using Leg X-ray Images Bakiya A, Vetrivel V, Kamalanand K, Anitha A, Aswath S, Valliammai M, Sridevi S Proceedings of the 2024 10th International Conference on Biosignals Images and Instrumentation Icbsii 2024, 2024 Osteoporosis is increasingly recognized as a worldwide health concern as people live longer. Although, Dual-Energy-X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) is one of the primary diagnosis techniques for diagnosing Osteoporosis, its widespread use as a screening tool is limited. This study uses an evolutionary-based deep learning algorithm to forecast osteoporosis using leg X-ray images. Further, the Convolutional Neural Network was enhanced using the artificial bee optimization algorithm to classify normal and osteoporosis cases using leg X-ray images. The effectiveness of the developed Bee CNN was compared to the conventional CNN. The results indicate that the CNN combined with bee optimization achieved a high accuracy rate of 92.32% in accurately classifying normal and osteoporosis X-ray leg images. Integrating artificial bee optimization into the CNN demonstrated superior performance compared to the conventional CNN. Based on these results, the Artificial Bee CNN model proves to be a valuable tool for straightforward osteoporosis prediction in practical clinical environments.
Design of M-PETFF using low power clock distribution element Arpn Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2017
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Segmentation of Plasmodium Falciparum Infected Cell in Blood Smear Images Using Optimized U-Net R Saranya, A Bakiya 2026 Twelfth International Conference on Bio Signals, Images, and … , 2026 2026
Enhancing Jet Noise Reduction: AI‐Powered Predictions of Core Length and Total Pressure Variations in Coaxial Nozzles RN Shankar, S Irish Angelin, B Ambikapathy, KS Kumar, P Rajendran Artificial Intelligence Applications in Aeronautical and Aerospace … , 2025 2025
AI‐Powered Prediction of Centerline Total Pressure Variations in Coaxial Nozzles by Varying the Lip Thickness RN Shankar, S Irish Angelin, B Ambikapathy, KS Kumar, P Rajendran Artificial Intelligence Applications in Aeronautical and Aerospace … , 2025 2025
Segmentation Of Neutrophil Nucleus in White Blood Cell Images Using Kapur’s entropy based Improved Grey Wolf Optimization R Saranya, A Bakiya 2025 Eleventh International Conference on Bio Signals, Images, and … , 2025 2025
A High Sensitive Nanomaterial Coated Side Polished Fiber Sensor for Detection of Cardiac Troponin I Antibody M Valliammai, J Mohanraj, B Esakki, LJ Yang, CC Wang, A Bakiya IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Enhancing EMG signal classification using convolution neural network optimized with fractional order bat algorithm A Bakiya, V Vetrivel, K Kamalanand, A Anitha International Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences and Applied … , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
Deep Neural Network for Predicting Supercontinuum Broadening in Chalcogenide Photonic Quasi crystal Fiber M Valliammai, A Bakiya, J Mohanraj, HK Singh, S Addanki, R Rishav 2024 International Conference on Numerical Simulation of Optoelectronic … , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Rational Quadratic Gaussian Process Regression Approaches for Identification of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient in Biotin Tablets Using Hyperspectral Sensor A Bakiya, A Anitha, M Valliammai, KL Kumar, ST Kumar, KJS Ram 2024 5th International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable … , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Mathematical Modeling of the Impact of a 5 Day Interim Relaxation at 21 Days in 42 days Lockdown Strategy on COVID-19 Transmission in India F Immaculyne, K Krishnamurthy, L De Britto 2024 Tenth International Conference on Bio Signals, Images, and … , 2024 2024
Artificial Bee-Optimized CNN for Osteoporosis Detection using Leg X-ray Images A Bakiya, V Vetrivel, K Kamalanand, A Anitha, S Aswath, M Valliammai, ... 2024 Tenth International Conference on Bio Signals, Images, and … , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
Analysis of electromyograms recorded using invasive and noninvasive electrodes: a study based on entropy and Lyapunov exponents estimated using artificial neural networks B Ambikapathy, K Krishnamurthy Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 15 (1), 1115-1123 , 2024 2024 Citations: 24
Risk Assessment and Portfolio Optimization in Agriculture Investments CLRDP Sharma, ABA Sudarshanam Journal of Advanced Zoology 44 (S2), 3090-3098 , 2023 2023
Hybrid Classical Quantum Neural Network based classification of Photonic Band Gap crystal structure defects P Paayas, S Sridevi, T Kanimozhi, M Valliammai, J Mohanraj, ... 2023 14th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking … , 2023 2023 Citations: 2
Identification of Nutrient Content of Psidium Guajava and Syzygium Cumini Leaves Using Hyperspectral Imaging A Bakiya, V Neeli, DML Priya, CR Pavan 2023 2nd International Conference on Smart Technologies and Systems for Next … , 2023 2023 Citations: 2
An algorithm to estimate the real time secondary infections in sub-urban bus travel: COVID-19 epidemic experience at Chennai Metropolitan city India GR Arumugam, B Ambikapathy, K Krishnamurthy, A Kumar, L De Britto Virusdisease 34 (1), 39-49 , 2023 2023 Citations: 2
Numerical Modeling and Simulation of the Droplet Transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the Ambient Environment and Its Relevance to Social Distancing S Thanigaiarasu, G Balamani, A Bakiya, F Immaculyne, K Kamalanand, ... Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (1), 6881712 , 2022 2022 Citations: 4
Automated diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using electromyograms and firefly algorithm based neural networks with fractional position update A Bakiya, K Kamalanand, V Rajinikanth Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine 44 (4), 1095-1105 , 2021 2021 Citations: 11
Analysis of EMG signals using extreme learning machine with nature inspired feature selection techniques A Anitha, A Bakiya Handbook of Machine Learning for Computational Optimization, 27-49 , 2021 2021 Citations: 2
Assessment of electromyograms using genetic algorithm and artificial neural networks B Ambikapathy, K Kirshnamurthy, R Venkatesan Evolutionary Intelligence 14 (2), 261-271 , 2021 2021 Citations: 23
Mechano-electric correlations in the human physiological system A Bakiya, K Kamalanand, RLJ De Britto CRC Press , 2021 2021 Citations: 4
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Mathematical modelling to assess the impact of lockdown on COVID-19 transmission in India: Model development and validation B Ambikapathy, K Krishnamurthy JMIR public health and surveillance 6 (2), e19368 , 2020 2020 Citations: 129
Deep neural network assisted diagnosis of time-frequency transformed electromyograms A Bakiya, K Kamalanand, V Rajinikanth, RS Nayak, S Kadry Multimedia Tools and Applications 79 (15), 11051-11067 , 2020 2020 Citations: 63
Analysis of electromyograms recorded using invasive and noninvasive electrodes: a study based on entropy and Lyapunov exponents estimated using artificial neural networks B Ambikapathy, K Krishnamurthy Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 15 (1), 1115-1123 , 2024 2024 Citations: 24
Assessment of electromyograms using genetic algorithm and artificial neural networks B Ambikapathy, K Kirshnamurthy, R Venkatesan Evolutionary Intelligence 14 (2), 261-271 , 2021 2021 Citations: 23
Prediction of the transition from subexponential to the exponential transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Chennai, India: epidemic nowcasting K Krishnamurthy, B Ambikapathy, A Kumar, L De Britto JMIR public health and surveillance 6 (3), e21152 , 2020 2020 Citations: 12
Automated diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using electromyograms and firefly algorithm based neural networks with fractional position update A Bakiya, K Kamalanand, V Rajinikanth Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine 44 (4), 1095-1105 , 2021 2021 Citations: 11
Information analysis on electromyograms acquired using monopolar needle, concentric needle and surface electrodes A Bakiya, K Kamalanand 2018 International Conference on Recent Trends in Electrical, Control and … , 2018 2018 Citations: 6
Enhancing EMG signal classification using convolution neural network optimized with fractional order bat algorithm A Bakiya, V Vetrivel, K Kamalanand, A Anitha International Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences and Applied … , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
Computational Techniques for Dental Image Analysis K Kamalanand, B Thayumanavan, PM Jawahar IGI Global , 2018 2018 Citations: 5
Numerical Modeling and Simulation of the Droplet Transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the Ambient Environment and Its Relevance to Social Distancing S Thanigaiarasu, G Balamani, A Bakiya, F Immaculyne, K Kamalanand, ... Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (1), 6881712 , 2022 2022 Citations: 4
Mechano-electric correlations in the human physiological system A Bakiya, K Kamalanand, RLJ De Britto CRC Press , 2021 2021 Citations: 4
Analysis on the effect of ECG signals while listening to different genres of music D Najumnissa, P Alagumariappan, A Bakiya, MS Ali 2019 Second International Conference on Advanced Computational and … , 2019 2019 Citations: 4
Artificial Bee-Optimized CNN for Osteoporosis Detection using Leg X-ray Images A Bakiya, V Vetrivel, K Kamalanand, A Anitha, S Aswath, M Valliammai, ... 2024 Tenth International Conference on Bio Signals, Images, and … , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
A High Sensitive Nanomaterial Coated Side Polished Fiber Sensor for Detection of Cardiac Troponin I Antibody M Valliammai, J Mohanraj, B Esakki, LJ Yang, CC Wang, A Bakiya IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Deep Neural Network for Predicting Supercontinuum Broadening in Chalcogenide Photonic Quasi crystal Fiber M Valliammai, A Bakiya, J Mohanraj, HK Singh, S Addanki, R Rishav 2024 International Conference on Numerical Simulation of Optoelectronic … , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Rational Quadratic Gaussian Process Regression Approaches for Identification of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient in Biotin Tablets Using Hyperspectral Sensor A Bakiya, A Anitha, M Valliammai, KL Kumar, ST Kumar, KJS Ram 2024 5th International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable … , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Hybrid Classical Quantum Neural Network based classification of Photonic Band Gap crystal structure defects P Paayas, S Sridevi, T Kanimozhi, M Valliammai, J Mohanraj, ... 2023 14th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking … , 2023 2023 Citations: 2
Identification of Nutrient Content of Psidium Guajava and Syzygium Cumini Leaves Using Hyperspectral Imaging A Bakiya, V Neeli, DML Priya, CR Pavan 2023 2nd International Conference on Smart Technologies and Systems for Next … , 2023 2023 Citations: 2
An algorithm to estimate the real time secondary infections in sub-urban bus travel: COVID-19 epidemic experience at Chennai Metropolitan city India GR Arumugam, B Ambikapathy, K Krishnamurthy, A Kumar, L De Britto Virusdisease 34 (1), 39-49 , 2023 2023 Citations: 2
Analysis of EMG signals using extreme learning machine with nature inspired feature selection techniques A Anitha, A Bakiya Handbook of Machine Learning for Computational Optimization, 27-49 , 2021 2021 Citations: 2