Soil Science, Colloid and Surface Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Pollution
20
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Application of Langmuir Isotherms to Describe Zinc and Copper Adsorption in Some Gypsiferous Soils Mahmood Ahmed L. Al-Bayati, Basim Shakir Obaid AL-Obaidi Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal, 2025 This study aims to evaluate and compare the adsorption behavior of copper and zinc in some gypsiferous soils using the linearization methods of the Langmuir equation. Six surface soil samples were taken from three different sites in Salah al-Din and Najaf governorates. Coefficient of determination (R²) was high for both ions, except for zinc in Salah al-Din site T3. Langmuir equation constants showed maximum adsorption values (b) higher for copper than zinc, reaching 476.19 mg kg-1 in Salah al-Din site T3 and 1666.66 mg kg-1 in Najaf site N3. Zinc's highest values were 181.81 mg kg-1 in Salah al-Din site T2 and 666.66 mg kg-1 in Najaf N3. The results indicated that the high maximum adsorption values (b) for both ions are associated with a relatively low binding energy (k). The results also confirmed that copper ions had much lower binding energy values than zinc ions, with copper at 15 L mg-1 in Salah al-Din site T1 soil and 4 L mg-1 in Najaf site N2 soil. In contrast, zinc showed higher binding energy, with 122.54 L mg-1 in Salah al-Din T3 and 143.33 L mg-1 in Najaf N1. Copper’s distribution coefficient values are generally higher than zinc’s, except in Salah al-Din T3 and Najaf N1 soils. The results regarding the constants of the Langmuir equation for both ions indicated that the maximum adsorption value (b) indicates the soil's capacity to adsorb metals. Thus, the soil has a higher affinity for copper than for zinc.
Evaluation of Some Adsorption Isotherm Equations for Potassium in Soils with Different Gypsum Content Ahmed Abdelkader Taha Al-Naqeeb, Basim Shakir Obaid Al-Obaidi, Mahmood Ahmed L. Al-Bayati Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 2025 This study focuses on evaluating the thermodynamic parameters of potassium in soils with varying gypsum content, by examining three different geographical locations: Al-Shirqat, the Agricultural College at Tikrit University and Samarra Island. Potassium solutions of various concentrations (5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 mg/L) were prepared using KCl, and three models were applied to describe the adsorption behavior: Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models. Among these, the Temkin model showed the highest accuracy in characterizing the adsorption process. The determination coefficient (R2) values ranged from 0.6524 to 0.9739, with the highest value observed in sample 6 from Samarra Island (0.9739), indicating an excellent fit between the experimental data and the Temkin model, providing a precise understanding of the adsorption behavior in this particular sample. In contrast, the lowest R2 value was recorded in sample 1 from Al-Shirqat (0.6524), though it still indicated a reasonable fit. The average R2 value across all nine samples was calculated to be 0.855, reflecting an overall good alignment between the model and the experimental data. These findings contribute to refining strategies for managing potassium fertilizers in gypsum-rich soils.
Assessment of Degradation status for some calcareous soils in Kirkuk Governorate, northern Iraq Lazgin Haidar Kakiy, Ammar S. Ismaeal, Basim Shakir Al-Obaidi Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 2025 To achieve the sustainable development goals of conserving natural resources, assessing their condition, and finding appropriate solutions for their sound management, several sites representing soil and vegetation degradation in Kirkuk Governorate, northern Iraq, were selected. Four sites were selected, and 48 soil samples were collected to study some physical and chemical properties that reflect the degradation conditions. Some spectral indicators were used to analyze the density, distribution, and condition of vegetation in the area. The study concluded that some physical properties, such as bulk density and compressibility, were very high and influential in diagnosing the state of physical degradation. The coefficient of variation was also high for sand and clay fractions, reflecting variation in these properties to the extent that it affects the soil texture and environmental degradation. The coefficient of variation for sand was 29.79 at Laylan and 25 at Daquq. However, the coefficient of variation for clay fractions was large, reaching 37.60 at Laylan, which suffered from severe variation in some properties affecting soil degradation. Al-Rashad, in particular, suffers from chemical degradation represented by high soil salinity, calcium carbonate content, high sodium content, and high sodium adsorption rate. The coefficient of variation for soil salinity at Laylan, Al-Rashad, and Daquq was high, reaching 110.59 %, 81.59%, and 81.56% respectively. Spectral indices of vegetation cover also confirmed that weak vegetation cover is dominant in the area, with a value of 0-02. Therefore, this area is vulnerable to degradation and desertification in the future if appropriate solutions are not found.
The Impact of Clay Content and Potassium Levels on Several Growth Markers of Wheat Kifah Abdalhusain Abdalkadhum, Mohammed Sallal Oleiwi, Basim Shakir Obaid Al-Obaidi Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 2024 An experiment was undertaken to investigate the impact of clay content and potassium levels on the growth characteristics of wheat plants. The experiment consisted of three degrees of clay content, namely low, medium, and high, represented by the symbols C1, C2, and C3 respectively. The experiment used four different quantities of potassium fertilizer (0, 75, 150, 300 kg. K−1). The experiment used two factors (K0, K1, K2, K3) and was conducted with three repetitions, resulting in a total of 36 experimental units. The experiment was carried out using a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Upon reaching maturity, the plant’s height, number of tillers, leaf area, and chlorophyll index were recorded. The findings demonstrated that the presence of a high clay content had a notable impact on the augmentation of plant height, chlorophyll index, flag leaf area, and number of tillers. The potassium had a K3 level of effect. The most significant growth indicators were seen in the measurements of plant height, chlorophyll index, leaf area, and number of tillers. In addition, the combination of bi-interaction with high clay content and full potassium level resulted in a substantial improvement in all of the mentioned growth indicators for the C3K3 treatment. There were no significant differences seen between the C3K3 treatment and the C3K3 treatment for some features.
The influence of potassium clay content on potassium assimilation by plants and the availability of (NPK) in soil Kifah Abdalhusain Abdalkadhum, Mohammed Sallal Oleiwi, Basim Shakir Obaid Al-Obaidi Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 2024 A biological experiment was conducted to determine Effect of clay content and potassium levels on some growth characteristics of wheat plants. The experiment included three levels of clay content (low, medium, high), symbolized by (C1, C2, C3). and four levels of potassium fertilizer (0, 75, 150, 300 kg K−1). symbolized by(K0, K1, K2, K3), Two factor were used for the experiment with three replicates, so that the number of experimental units reached 36 experimental units. The experiment was conducted within a randomized complete block design (RCBD). At maturity, the plant height, number of tillers, and leaf area and chlorophyll index were measured. The results showed that Effect of high clay content had a significant effect on increasing plant height, chlorophyll index, leaf area, and number of tillers, as the values reached (69.02cm, 48.800 SPAD, 49.07 cm2, 6 tillers(As for Effect of potassium, it achieved level K3. The highest growth indicators were for plant height, chlorophyll index, leaf area, and number of tillers, as the values reached (62.06 cm, 46.21 SPAD, 45.37 cm2, and 5.33 tillers.(Also, bi-interaction for high clay content and full potassium level recommended a significant increase for all of the above growth indicators for the C3K3 treatment, which did not differ significantly from the C3K3 treatment for some traits.
