Bharathiraja

@veltechmultitech.org

Associate Professor Biomedical Engineering
Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr Rangajan Dr Sakunthala Engineering College

Bharathiraja


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https://researchid.co/bharathiraja
29

Scopus Publications

Scopus Publications

  • Turbulence model comparison and optimal geometry identi¯cation in trapped vortex combustors: A RANS-based study
    Gulab Dattrao Siraskar, Anant Sidhappa Kurhade, Govindarajan Murali, M. Arul Prakash, N. Bharathiraja, Dipa Dattatray Dharmadhikari, Shital Yashwant Waware
    International Journal of Modern Physics C, 2026
    This study presents a detailed numerical investigation of the flow dynamics and turbulence characteristics in a Trapped Vortex Combustor (TVC) using Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) models. Three turbulence models — Reynolds Stress Model (RSM), Realizable k–[Formula: see text] and SST-[Formula: see text] — were evaluated to assess their predictive accuracy in capturing pressure drop, recirculation behavior and flow structure across various Reynolds numbers and cavity geometries. Simulations were performed in ANSYS Fluent, and a grid independence study confirmed 30[Formula: see text]000 cells as optimal for balancing accuracy and computational cost. Validation against experimental data revealed that the RSM model offered the highest accuracy, with a maximum deviation of 12.1%, compared to 23.9% and 26.7% for SST-[Formula: see text] and Realizable k–[Formula: see text], respectively. The analysis showed that increasing the Reynolds number by 300% intensified turbulence levels ten-fold and strengthened recirculation zones three-fold, without altering the overall vortex structure. An optimal cavity aspect ratio ([Formula: see text]) was identified, producing two dominant vortices and minimizing pressure loss. These findings highlight the importance of turbulence model selection and cavity design in enhancing combustor performance and offer guidance for the preliminary design of efficient, low-pressure-loss propulsion systems.
  • Machine Learning Strategies for Enhancing Syngas Quality, Biofuel Stability, and Air Pollution Control in Bio-Energy Plants
    Sonali Shrikant Patil, Snehal Mayur Banarase, Dinesh Keloth kaithari, N. Bharathiraja, Santosh Bhauso Takale, Pratik V. Lepse, Pushparaj Sunil Warke, Muralidhar Ingale, Anant Sidhappa Kurhade
    Applied Chemical Engineering, 2026
    Bio-energy plants play a key role in the transition toward low-carbon energy systems, yet their large-scale deployment is constrained by variability in syngas quality, biofuel instability during storage, and fluctuating air pollutant emissions. This review examines how machine learning (ML) methods support improved decision-making across bio-energy value chains by linking multi-source data with predictive and adaptive control strategies. The study synthesizes recent advances in ML-based modelling for syngas composition prediction, biofuel stability assessment, and real-time emission monitoring and mitigation. Emphasis is placed on uncertainty-aware models and hybrid approaches that combine data-driven learning with process knowledge to address feedstock heterogeneity and dynamic operating conditions. The findings show that ML enhances operational efficiency, supports cleaner production, and improves system reliability by enabling proactive control rather than reactive adjustments. From a sustainability perspective, these outcomes directly contribute to SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) through higher efficiency and reliability of bio-energy systems, SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) by promoting intelligent and resilient industrial processes, SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) via optimized resource use and reduced waste, and SDG 13 (Climate Action) through lower emissions and improved carbon performance. Overall, the review highlights ML as a practical decision-support tool for industry and policy stakeholders seeking resilient, data-driven pathways toward sustainable bio-energy deployment.
  • Boosting electrochemical behavior of biomass-derived porous carbon via N, S, and N, S co-doping for enhanced supercapacitor performance
    Srigitha S. Nath, K. Chanthirasekaran, S. Sathiya Priya, N. Bharathiraja, Deepak Gupta, S. Kumaran
    Diamond and Related Materials, 2025
  • A Novel PAPR reduction method using Schur decomposition in CAZAC transform based precoded OFDM for Beyond 5G Applications
    N. Bharathiraja, Suseela Vappangi, T. Deepa, V.V. Mani
    Physical Communication, 2025
    In the recent times, the demand for better spectral efficiency and lower power consumption has increased significantly. As a result, effective methods for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) are crucial. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a fundamental technology in 5G and Beyond 5G (B5G) systems. To enhance its performance, implementing an efficient PAPR reduction technique is necessary. Based upon these grounds, this paper introduces a novel PAPR reduction method that integrates Schur decomposition with Walsh–Hadamard Transform (WHT) and Constant Amplitude Zero Auto-Correlation (CAZAC) transform in a precoded OFDM system. The mathematical expression of the time-domain signal for the proposed Schur-based WHT＋CAZAC-OFDM system is derived. The simulation results of this work unveil that the proposed SCHUR＋WHT＋CAZAC-based OFDM system significantly minimizes PAPR by exhibiting a remarkable PAPR reduction of 8.736 dB and 9.86 dB compared to conventional OFDM over AWGN and Rayleigh Fading channels . In addition, the proposed system enhances spectral containment, and reduces spectral regrowth with substantial improvement in power spectral density (PSD) performance. A comparative analysis with singular value decomposition (SVD) and QR decomposition-based approaches is also performed. The results indicate that all three techniques effectively reduce PAPR. However, the SCHUR＋WHT＋CAZAC method achieves a better balance between computational complexity and overall performance. These advancements make it highly suitable for various B5G applications, including ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communications (mMTC), and enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), where high data rates, low latency, and reliable connectivity are crucial.
  • Optimized Pre-Coding Techniques for Multicarrier Systems in Future Wireless Networks
    Deepa T, Karnati Deekshith, Bandi Navya, Kuppam Sai Rahul, V.Suseela, N. Bharathiraja
    Proceedings of 2025 1st International Conference on Radio Frequency Communication and Networks Rfcon 2025, 2025
    Modern communication systems are currently dependent heavily on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) because of its spectral effectiveness as well as resistance to multipath fading. But the reliability and performance of OFDM systems are highly limited, most notably in real-world applications, by inherent problems such as high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR), nonlinear distortions, and degradation in Bit Error Rate (BER). For future generation communication systems to operate effectively and efficiently, these gaps need to be filled. With a view to reduce the adverse effects of PAPR and BER degradation, this paper seeks to set and develop a multi-carrier communication system with advanced precoding methods. Precoding will receive particular focus throughout the study, with methods such as Walsh Hadamard Transform (WHT), Schur Precoded OFDM, and Zadoff-Chu Transform (ZCT). This study aims to enhance the overall performance of multi-carrier systems through the integration of multiple approaches. IIn order to validate the efficiency of the techniques utilized, including precoding-free OFDM, the new approach would be simulated and compared with existing techniques. PAPR and BER are some of the key performance metrics that will be utilized for comparison, assessing the efficiency of the system in power consumption and error-free data transmission under normal and adverse conditions. The findings obtained through the simulation and analysis will be utilized to demonstrate how different precoding techniques work under different conditions. The results will inform future implementations in future-generation communication systems by assisting in determining which precoding techniques are most appropriate for specific system characteristics. The goal of this work is bridging the gap between precoding success in the literature and practice. This research provides valuable new knowledge for future technology more stable and efficient multi-carrier communication systems by comparing their ability to perform.
  • Transforming Post-Operative Orthopaedic Care with IoT Innovations
    N. Bharathiraja, S. Divya, B. Shreenidhi, C. Anu, G. Kalyani, Deepa. T
    Proceedings of 7th International Conference on Inventive Material Science and Applications Icima 2025, 2025
    External fixation is a widely used method in orthopaedic surgery for treating bone fractures. However, the treatment process often encounters complications related to monitoring the healing process, patient compliance, and environmental factors that can impact recovery. This project aims to enhance fixation devices by integrating Internet of Things (IoT) technology, enabling real-time monitoring of bone fracture healing. The device can detect and report significant events in the patient's recovery to healthcare professionals. This IoT-enabled system aims improve patient care, reduce recovery-related complications, and ultimately lead to better clinical outcomes for individuals undergoing fracture treatment. This is achieved through continuous monitoring and data insights, which allows healthcare professionals to monitor patients' progress, assess treatment effectiveness, and make informed decisions, enhancing patient care and personalized health management. This approach not only improves patient outcomes, but also makes the healthcare system more flexible and adaptive, opening the door for further advancements in personalized medicine.
  • Flexural Transducer Based Monolithic Diathermy Probe for Thermo Therapy
    K Nithyakalyani, N Bharathiraja, K Madhumitha, B Nanthini, A Vishnupriya, K K Harinni
    Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Bio Signals Images and Instrumentation Icbsii 2025, 2025
    Ultrasound diathermy is one of the most commonly used therapeutic techniques for muscle injuries and chronic pain. However, the traditional machines are large and inconvenient, thus limiting their application. This project will be developed to miniaturize and make a portable ultrasound diathermy probe with all the essential components power source, ultrasound transducer, control unit, and coupling mechanism all in one easy-to-use device. The proposed probe measures approximately 30 cm in length, 4 cm in diameter and weight of 15 gram making it significantly smaller than traditional diathermy units. The objective is the design of a compact, ergonomic probe in which all components have been merged to minimize dimensions, to enhance portability and improve user comfort. The designed system includes a high-frequency generator, power amplifier, and battery management system for optimal heat generation and delivery. The device operates at a frequency range of 1.77 MHz, with a power supply of 3.7V, 1000mAh rechargeable lithium-ion battery, ensuring efficient portability and extended usage. The Monoprobe Diathermy is the improvement over other systems in usability, portability, and therapeutic outcome, overcoming limitations of conventional systems. It will be tested further to establish its feasibility in clinical settings.
  • Next-Gen 24/7 Fetal Position and Flow Monitoring System with Esp32-IoT Integration for Enhanced Maternal Care
    Santhoshini Arul Vallal, Bharathiraja. N, Kalyani. G, Dhivya Sri S N, Aparna A, Deepa. T
    Proceedings of 2025 2nd International Conference on Cognitive Robotics and Intelligent Systems Icc Robins 2025, 2025
    An innovative solution focused on new revolution in fetal position monitoring using ESP32-IoT integration with inbuilt Bluetooth and Wi-Fi connectivity-built system, helps to transmit the maternal physiological parameters and facilitates remote data archiving. At present, this model aims to overcome the limitation of Arduino based monitoring system with the goal of providing uninterrupted fetal position assessment. The predictive analysis of vital signs is acquired by the scanning sensors, and the fetal position is captured by placing MicroElectro Mechanical System (MEMS) on the mother's womb. The components of this system such as temperature sensor, MAX30100 and Electrocardiograph (ECG) sensors offer real time physiological parameter tracking along with endless cloud storage capability. The multiple data acquired by the sensors are analyzed and viewed in LCD, and the system provides live alert in cloud server, especially for the pregnant women who face abnormal health conditions like hypertension, preeclampsia, preterm labor, etc. Furthermore, the integration of electronic health record, artificial intelligence, and blood glucose monitoring system, makes this prototype a next generation revolution for fetal and maternal health monitoring.
  • Spatially Variant based on Patch Division for Digital Pill Analysis Using Prototype Model
    R.K. Nehaa, N. Bharathiraja, Daniel Joseph Samuel, T Deepa, S. Hariprasad
    Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Smart Electronics and Communication Icosec 2024, 2024
    The introduction of digital pills equipped with advanced multichannel sensors signifies revolutionary progress in remote healthcare monitoring. This study introduces a model of a smart pill that combines a valproate sensor with cutting-edge sensor technology and wireless communication capabilities. The digital pill enables real-time tracking and provides complete data insights through Zigbee and IoT apps. This information is accessible to patients and healthcare providers using machine learning algorithms.Ingesting a digital pill with vital medical sensors links the pharmaceutical, medical, and biomedical industries. The sensor’s primary goal is medication compliance, enhancing patient outcomes, drug management, and healthcare delivery through smooth ingestion. The valproate sensor, Arduino Uno, and wireless communication technology demonstrate how digital pills could revolutionize healthcare monitoring and delivery. This invention enables patient compliance, trustworthy health indicators, and successful healthcare management.
  • AIoT Blind Stick Based Independent Navigation with Enhanced YOLO Object Detection
    S. Hariprasad, N. Bharathiraja, Deepa. T, R. K. Nehaa, Daniel Joseph Samuel, S. N. Dhivya Sri
    4th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Networks and Wireless Communications Icmnwc 2024, 2024
    Nowadays, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) herald a transformative leap in assistive technologies, epitomized by the AIoT Blind Stick. This smart mobility aid the computational prowess of the Raspberry Pi to process a multitude of sensory inputs, delivering realtime environmental awareness to visually impaired users. The system provides auditory and haptic feedback to navigate complex urban landscapes safely and is equipped with GPS for location tracking, ultrasonic sensors for obstacle detection, and a camera interfaced with advanced object detection algorithm using YOLO8. Voice Based assistance given based on the object detected at each frame. The proposed YOLOv8m model demonstrates superior detection performance, achieving the highest Average Precision (AP) of 50.4 among the evaluated models. Although the frame rate (FPS) of 137 is slightly lower than that of the smaller models (YOLOv5s and YOLOv8s), it provides a significant balance between accuracy and processing speed, making it highly suitable for real-time object detection applications where precision is critical, such as assistive technologies for the visually impaired.
  • Ensuring Web Application Security: An OWASP Driven Development Methodology
    M. Sakthivel, S. Sivanantham, N. Bharathiraja, N. Bala Krishna, R. Kamalraj, V. Saravana Kumar
    2024 International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Communication Systems Ickecs 2024, 2024
  • On the performance of delta sigma modulators for DCO-OFDM based NOMA visible light communication systems
    Suseela Vappangi, T. Deepa, V.V. Mani, N. Bharathiraja
    Optics and Laser Technology, 2023
  • Rating Prediction and Email Query Processing
    Saravanan Raju, M. Vijay Anand, N. Bharathiraja, K. Gunasekaran
    Aip Conference Proceedings, 2023
  • Compressive Sensing of Natural Images with Hybrid Transform based Sensing Matrix
    M. Aarthi Elaveini, T. Deepa, N. Bharathiraja
    2023 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Technologies Conit 2023, 2023
  • Design and Implementation of IoT-based Programmable Assistive Intelligent Adaptive Pillbox
    N. Bharathiraja, S. Hariprasad, M. Sakthivel, T. Deepa
    2023 International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics Iccci 2023, 2023
  • Speech Emotion Recognition with Web Speech API
    M. Vijay Anand, A. Rajasekaran, Rajendra Thilahar C, N. Bharathiraja
    IEEE 9th International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems Icsss 2023, 2023
  • Design and Implementation of Selection Algorithm based Human Emotion Recognition System
    N. Bharathiraja, M. Sakthivel, T. Deepa, S. Hariprasad, N. Ragasudha
    7th International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics Icoei 2023 Proceedings, 2023
  • Real-Time Fall Detection using ESP32 and AMG8833 Thermal Sensor: A Non-Wearable Approach for Enhanced Safety
    N. Bharathiraja, R B. Indhuja, P.R. Adhvaith Krishnan, S. Anandhan, S. Hariprasad
    Proceedings of the 2023 2nd International Conference on Augmented Intelligence and Sustainable Systems Icaiss 2023, 2023
  • Smart Watch to Avoid Face Touching During Pandemic Condition
    S. Vimala, Ramakrishnan Raman, Gowrishankkar V, N. Bharathiraja, I. Thamarai, Ashok Kumar
    Proceedings of 2023 3rd International Conference on Innovative Practices in Technology and Management Iciptm 2023, 2023
  • VLSI Architectures for Security Analysis with Dual-Key LFSR Using Barrel Shifter and S-Box
    Maria Dominic Savio. M, M. Mirudula Shri, Naveenkumar G, Athiban N, Sragvi Varanasi, N. Bharathiraja, Venkat Nitin Patnala
    2023 International Conference on Recent Advances in Electrical Electronics Ubiquitous Communication and Computational Intelligence Raeeucci 2023, 2023
  • An analysis on micronutrient deficiency in plant leaf and soil using digital image processing
    Swetha Reddy Anthay, Arun Chokkalingam, Komathi B. Jeyashanker, Bharathiraja Natarajan
    Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2022
  • Detection of DDoS Attack in IoT Networks Using Sample Selected RNN-ELM
    S. Hariprasad, T. Deepa, N. Bharathiraja
    Intelligent Automation and Soft Computing, 2022
  • A Real Time Face Mask Detection and Health Status Monitoring using Deep Learning after Pandemic
    T. Deepa, S. Hariprasad, N. Bharathiraja, Arun Chokkalingam
    Proceedings International Conference on Augmented Intelligence and Sustainable Systems Icaiss 2022, 2022
  • Design and Development of GIOT based Intelligent Smart Waste Management and Predictive Modelling
    N. Bharathiraja, T. Deepa, S. Hariprasad, Arun Chokkalingam
    2022 6th International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics Icoei 2022 Proceedings, 2022
  • Optimized Image Multiplication with Approximate Counter Based Compressor
    M. Maria Dominic Savio, T. Deepa, N. Bharathiraja, Anudeep Bonasu
    Computers Materials and Continua, 2022
  • EB Algorithm for Effective Privacy and Security of Data Processing in MCC
    V.S. Prakash, N. Bharathiraja, R. Deiva Nayagam, R. Thiagarajan, R. Krishnamoorthy, J. Omana
    Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Electronic Systems and Intelligent Computing Icesic 2022, 2022
  • Secure Shared Data in the Private Cloud With an EA Algorithm
    Vineet Kumar Singh, N. Bharathiraja, S. Arun, D. Beulah David, R. Krishnamoorthy, R. Thiagarajan
    8th International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems Icsss 2022, 2022
  • Performance Evaluation of Polar Coded Filtered OFDM for Low Latency Wireless Communications
    T. Deepa, N. Bharathiraja
    Wireless Personal Communications, 2021
  • Spectrally efficient multicarrier modulation system for visible light communication
    T. Deepa, Harshita Mathur, K. A. Sunitha
    International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2019