@monash.edu
Lecturer
Monash University Malaysia
Renewable Energy, Biocatalysis, Oil and Fats, Bioprocess, Sustainability, Extraction
Scopus Publications
Wail Gourich, Cher Pin Song, Amelia, Siti Hanifah Adiiba, and Eng-Seng Chan
Elsevier BV
Siti Hanifah Adiiba, Cher Pin Song, Yee Ying Lee, Amelia, Mun Yuen Chang, and Eng-Seng Chan
Elsevier BV
Siti Hanifah Adiiba, Cher Pin Song, Yee Ying Lee, and Eng-Seng Chan
Elsevier BV
Wail Gourich, Cher Pin Song, Kiat Seng Qua, and Eng-Seng Chan
Elsevier BV
Wei Zhe Ng, Eng-Seng Chan, Wail Gourich, Chien Wei Ooi, Beng Ti Tey, and Cher Pin Song
Elsevier BV
Amelia, Cher Pin Song, Mun Yuen Chang, Siti Hanifah Adiiba, and Eng-Seng Chan
Elsevier BV
Siti Hanifah Adiiba, Eng‐Seng Chan, Yee Ying Lee, Amelia, Mun Yuen Chang, and Cher Pin Song
Wiley
Abstract BACKGROUND Crude palm oil (CPO) is rich with phytonutrients such as carotenoids and tocols which possesses many health benefits. The aim of this research was to develop a methanol‐free process to produce palm phytonutrients via enzymatic hydrolysis. In this work, triacylglycerol was hydrolyzed into free fatty acids (FFAs) using three different types of liquid lipases derived from Aspergillus oryzae (ET 2.0), Aspergillus niger (Habio) and Candida antartica (CALB). RESULTS ET 2.0 was found to be the best enzyme for hydrolysis. Under the optimum condition, the FFA content achievable was 790 g kg−1 after 24 h of reaction with 1:1 water‐to‐oil mass ratio at 50 °C and stirring speed of 9 × g. Furthermore, with the addition of 2 g kg−1 ascorbic acid, it was found that 98% of carotenoids and 96% of tocols could be retained after hydrolysis. CONCLUSION This work shows that enzymatic hydrolysis, which is inherently safer, cleaner and sustainable is feasible to replace the conventional methanolysis for the production of palm phytonutrients. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Wail Gourich, Eng-Seng Chan, Wei Zhe Ng, Aaron Anthony Obon, Kireshwen Maran, Yi Hui Ong, Chin Loong Lee, Jully Tan, and Cher Pin Song
Elsevier BV
Min Ying Liow, Wail Gourich, Mun Yuen Chang, Jun Mann Loh, Eng-Seng Chan, and Cher Pin Song
Elsevier BV
Wei Zhe Ng, Aaron Anthony Obon, Chin Loong Lee, Yi Hui Ong, Wail Gourich, Kireshwen Maran, Dennis Boon Yong Tang, Cher Pin Song, and Eng-Seng Chan
Elsevier BV
Christine Shu Ching Chiew, Wail Gourich, Pooria Pasbakhsh, Phaik Eong Poh, Beng Ti Tey, Cher Pin Song, and Eng-Seng Chan
Elsevier BV
Mun Yuen Chang, Jun Mann Loh, Cher Pin Song, and Eng-Seng Chan
Springer Singapore
Jun Mann Loh, Amelia, Wail Gourich, Chien Lye Chew, Cher Pin Song, and Eng-Seng Chan
Elsevier BV
Yu-Kaung Chang, Hsing-I Cheng, Chien Wei Ooi, Cher Pin Song, and Bing-Lan Liu
Elsevier BV
Fan-Xuan Xu, Chien Wei Ooi, Bing-Lan Liu, Cher Pin Song, Chen-Yaw Chiu, Chi-Yun Wang, and Yu-Kaung Chang
Elsevier BV
Jheng-Yu Wu, Chien Wei Ooi, Cher Pin Song, Chi-Yun Wang, Bing-Lan Liu, Guan-Yu Lin, Chen-Yaw Chiu, and Yu-Kaung Chang
Elsevier BV
Pau Loke Show, Chien Wei Ooi, Cher Pin Song, Wai Siong Chai, Guan-Ting Lin, Bing-Lan Liu, and Yu-Kaung Chang
Elsevier BV
Shireena Xhiang Mun Yong, Cher Pin Song, and Wee Sim Choo
Frontiers Media SA
High-pressure homogenization (HPH) and high-pressure processing (HPP) are emerging technologies for the food industry. Both technologies employ high pressure to preserve foods. However, the principal mechanism of HPH is based on shear stress distribution in a material instead of a decrease in volume due to an increase in pressure as occurring in HPP. HPH can be used in extraction or preservation of bioactive compounds and phytochemicals. This review first describes the mechanism of HPH processing. Next, this review discusses the impact of HPH on extractability and stability of phytochemicals such as carotenoids, vitamin C, polyphenols, and anthocyanins in various food matrices. In general, the use of HPH slightly improved or maintained the extractability of the phytochemicals. Similarly, HPH slightly reduced or maintained the stability of the phytochemicals but this is dependent on the food matrix and type of phytochemical. HPH has a great potential to be used to improve the extractability and maintaining the stability of these phytochemicals or to be used together with milder thermal processing. Besides understanding the impact of HPH on the extractability and stability of phytochemicals, the impact of HPH on the nutritional quality of the food matrices needs to be thoroughly evaluated.
Mun Yuen Chang, Eng-Seng Chan, and Cher Pin Song
Elsevier BV
Cher Pin Song, Chien Wei Ooi, Beng Ti Tey, Chong-Xuan Lu, Bing-Lan Liu, and Yu-Kaung Chang
Elsevier BV
I-Son Ng, Cher Pin Song, Chien Wei Ooi, Beng Ti Tey, Yu-Han Lee, and Yu-Kaung Chang
Elsevier BV
Cher Pin Song, Poh En Liew, Zora Teh, Schian Pei Lim, Pau Loke Show, and Chien Wei Ooi
Frontiers Media SA
The formation of aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) with the environmentally friendly and recyclable ionic liquid has been gaining popularity in the field of protein separation. In this study, the ATPSs comprising N,N-dimethylammonium N′,N′-dimethylcarbamate (DIMCARB) and thermo-responsive poly(propylene) glycol (PPG) were applied for the recovery of recombinant green fluorescent protein (GFP) derived from Escherichia coli. The partition behavior of GFP in the PPG + DIMCARB + water system was investigated systematically by varying the molecular weight of PPG and the total composition of ATPS. Overall, GFP was found to be preferentially partitioned to the hydrophilic DIMCARB-rich phase. An ATPS composed of 42% (w/w) PPG 1000 and 4.4% (w/w) DIMCARB gave the optimum performance in terms of GFP selectivity (1,237) and yield (98.8%). The optimal system was also successfully scaled up by 50 times without compromising the purification performance. The bottom phase containing GFP was subjected to rotary evaporation of DIMCARB. The stability of GFP was not affected by the distillation of DIMCARB, and the DIMCARB was successfully recycled in three successive rounds of GFP purification. The potential of PPG + DIMCARB + water system as a sustainable protein purification tool is promising.
Cher Pin Song, Qian Yi Yap, Mon Yin aigness Chong, Ramanan Ramakrishnan Nagasundara, R. Vijayaraghavan, Douglas R. MacFarlane, Eng-Seng Chan, and Chien-Wei Ooi
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Ionic liquid-based aqueous two-phase systems (IL-ATPSs) have been studied comprehensively as a potential alternative method for protein purification. One of the distinct features of IL-ATPS is that the polarity of the IL can be adjusted by different combinations of cation and anion, providing flexibility in governing the partition of proteins between phases. However, the conventional IL-ATPS usually has poor environmental footprint and low recyclability, thereby hampering the systems for practical use in protein separation. To address these shortcomings, here we explored the distillable CO2-based alkyl carbamate ILs as phase-forming components. N,N-dimethylammonium N′,N′-dimethylcarbamate (DIMCARB) was able to form ATPS with polypropylene glycol (PPG). The liquid–liquid equilibrium data of ATPSs composed of PPG with different molecular mass and DIMCARB were determined. As both phase-forming components are thermosensitive, the effect of temperature on the phase diagram of the PPG 400 + DIMCARB system was a...
Cher Pin Song, Ramakrishnan Nagasundara Ramanan, R. Vijayaraghavan, Douglas R. MacFarlane, Eng-Seng Chan, Pau Loke Show, Siek Ting Yong, and Chien-Wei Ooi
Elsevier BV
Cher Pin Song, Ramakrishnan Nagasundara Ramanan, R. Vijayaraghavan, Douglas R. MacFarlane, Eng-Seng Chan, João A.P. Coutinho, Luis Fernandez, and Chien-Wei Ooi
Elsevier BV