Mapping Resilient Landscapes to Climate Change in a Megadiverse Country Milena Fermina Rosenfield, Lucas Jardim, Marina Antongiovanni, Luciano Carramaschi de Alagão Querido, Alisson André Ribeiro, et al. Global Change Biology, 2025 The effects of global climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are unevenly distributed in the geographic space. Identifying sites more suitable to sustain biodiversity in a changing climate is essential to both species conservation and restoration strategies at different scales. Here, we map terrestrial climate‐resilient sites for biodiversity across Brazil to identify sites with greater chances of providing suitable conditions for species to persist under regional climate change. Our mapping combines spatial metrics based on landscape heterogeneity, a proxy for microclimatic variability, and local connectedness, a measure of connectivity between habitats, to determine landscape resilience, assuming that resilience to climate change will be greater the more heterogeneous the characteristics of local habitats are and the more connected they are in the landscape. Our results show that within each biome, medium to high resilient sites are mostly found in the Amazon (40% of the biome) and Pantanal (38%). Low resilience, conversely, is concentrated in the Atlantic Forest (41% of the biome), followed by Cerrado (37%), Pampa (36%), and Caatinga (34%). Landscape resilience information has the potential to be used to effectively guide decision‐making and public policy on strategies for conservation, restoration, and sustainable use practices. Priority for conservation should be on high resilience sites as they have the potential to sustain biodiversity in face of undergoing and future climate change. Other approaches could be used in situations of medium to low resilience also, such as: conservation of current corridors in sites with high local connectedness, but low landscape heterogeneity; restoration of natural vegetation on sites that show high landscape heterogeneity, but low local connectedness; and sustainable practices in areas of low resilience. Our study provides an updated method to pinpoint climate‐resilient sites for biodiversity which was applied to a megadiverse country but is applicable to any ecosystem around the globe.
Urbanisation Does Not Affect Allometric Relationships in a Widespread Amazonian Dung Beetle Species Roberto Munguía‐Steyer, Renato Portela Salomão, Glenda Vanessa Bernardino, Cíntia Cornelius Austral Ecology, 2025 The environmental pressures promoted by urban ecosystems can play a pivotal role in the sexual attributes of native species that persist in cities. Dung beetles' body size and cephalic appendages are determinant for mating success and couple acceptance, directly affecting individual fitness. The objective of this study was to test how different levels of urbanisation affect tubercle length–body size allometry of Dichotomius boreus individuals. Dung beetles were sampled in three habitats: city core, city outskirts and rural sites. Individuals had their body and tubercle lengths measured to assess their allometric relationships. There was a hyperallometric relationship between body size and tubercle length, which did not differ between sexes according to their habitat type. Moreover, there were no differences in allometric slopes between habitats in neither sex. The results of our study could suggest that the sexual selective force for the expression of different tubercle lengths in males and females is similar and responded similarly in the different studied habitats of the urban landscape of this study. Future studies encompassing Dichotomius dung beetles would be necessary to establish the evolution of allometric relationships in this clade and its relation to the intra‐ and interspecific interactions.
How Does Landscape Structure Affect Dung Beetle Assemblages in Amazon Cities? Vanessa Pontes Mesquita, Glenda Vanessa dos Santos Bernardino, Paulo Estefano Dineli Bobrowiec, Renato Portela Salomão, Cintia Cornelius Ecology and Evolution, 2025 The growth of cities is one of the main direct and indirect factors responsible for the loss of native vegetation cover. Urbanization directly affects the biological communities inhabiting forest remnants inserted in cities, compromising the maintenance of urban and natural ecosystems. By understanding the effects of landscape transformation due to urbanization, we can have insights regarding the distribution of land uses that allow a proper maintenance of the urban ecosystems. This work assessed the effects of landscape structure variables (forest cover, agricultural area, edge density, and number of forest patches) on dung beetle assemblages and functional groups (i.e., diet and resource removal strategy) sampled in 38 sites located along an urban–rural gradient of six cities belonging to the metropolitan area of Manaus in Central Amazonia. Losses of forest cover were the most determining factor, negatively affecting species richness, abundance, and body size. The increases in agriculture cover negatively affected dung beetle abundance, while edge density positively affected their abundance. The number of forest patches positively affected dung beetle abundances—except for dweller species—and negatively affected the body size of diet‐generalist species. These results demonstrate that changes in ecological diversity caused by urbanization are driven mostly by forest cover loss, although forest configuration is important for dung beetle abundance. This study contributes to the understanding of how changes in the amount and distribution of forest cover in tropical cities affect the taxonomic diversity of dung beetle assemblages.
Multi-Taxa Responses to Climate Change in the Amazon Forest Carlos A. S. Rodrigues‐Filho, Flávia R. C. Costa, Juliana Schietti, Anselmo Nogueira, Rafael Pereira Leitão, et al. Global Change Biology, 2024 Tropical biodiversity is undergoing unprecedented changes due to the hydrological cycle intensification, characterized by more intense droughts and wet seasons. This raises concerns about the resilience of animal and plant communities to such extremes and the existence of potential refugia—areas theorized to safeguard biological communities from adverse climate impacts. Over 20 years of monitoring in Central Amazonia, we investigated the short‐term and long‐term effects of hydrological cycle intensification on bird, fish, ant, and palm communities. We explored whether the ‘insurance effect’ of climate trends (droughts buffered by preceded wet seasons) or ‘environmental refugia’ (droughts or floods buffered by topographic features) could lessen the impact of climate events on community composition, richness, evenness, and species rank. Pronounced abundance changes were observed among animal species, whereas palm species showed relative temporal stability. Birds and fish were more affected by the immediate and long‐term severity of droughts and wet periods, while ants responded primarily to short‐term drought impacts. Conversely, palm communities exhibited delayed responses to climate extremes, primarily in long‐term comparisons. As expected, the proposed ‘insurance effect’ mitigates the long‐term impacts of extreme climate events on animal and plant community trends. However, less extreme hydrological conditions linked to topographic features did not provide effective ‘environmental refugia’ for animals or plants during adverse climate conditions. These outcomes underscore the complex and varied biological responses to ongoing climate change, challenging the prevailing assumptions about the efficacy of environmental refugia and highlighting the nuanced resilience of biodiversity in Central Amazonia.
Habitat loss reduces abundance and body size of forest-dwelling dung beetles in an Amazonian urban landscape Glenda Vanessa dos Santos Bernardino, Vanessa Pontes Mesquita, Paulo Estefano Dineli Bobrowiec, Luciana Iannuzzi, Renato Portela Salomão, et al. Urban Ecosystems, 2024 The loss of forest cover in urban landscapes alters the dynamics of spatial and food resources, challenging the maintenance of forest species, which may have their condition compromised. Dung beetles are sensitive to changes in vegetation structure and land use caused by human activities, processes that are intrinsically related to the establishment and development of cities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of landscape structure on the abundance and morphological characteristics of two species of dung beetle (Dichotomius boreus and Dichotomius quadrilobatus) that inhabit forested areas in urbanized landscapes in the Amazon region. We carried out the study in 38 landscapes located in six urban regions in the central region of the Amazon. We evaluated the effect of landscape structure, at the site and city scales, on beetle abundance, individual body size, and relative horn length of males. At the local scale, landscapes with greater forest cover showed greater abundance of dung beetles, as well as greater lengths of D. boreus horns. Cities with a greater amount of forest cover had larger individuals than those with less forest cover. We conclude that forested areas in urban landscapes are a key habitat for the maintenance of dung beetle populations with a strong relationship between the amount of forest cover in the landscape. The maintenance of healthy and abundant populations of beetles in urban Amazonian landscapes guarantees the persistence of ecosystem services provided by these organisms in urban ecosystems.
Secondary Amazon rainforest partially recovers tree cavities suitable for nesting birds in 18-34 years Carine Dantas Oliveira, Cintia Cornelius, Philip C Stouffer, Kristina L Cockle Ornithological Applications, 2024 Passive restoration of secondary forests can partially offset loss of biodiversity following tropical deforestation. Tree cavities, an essential resource for cavity-nesting birds, are usually associated with old forest. We investigated the restoration time for tree cavities suitable for cavity-nesting birds in secondary forest at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP) in central Amazonian Brazil. We hypothesized that cavity abundance would increase with forest age, but more rapidly in areas exposed to cutting only, compared to areas where forest was cut and burned. We also hypothesized that cavities would be lower, smaller, and less variable in secondary forest than in old-growth forest, which at the BDFFP is part of a vast lowland forest with no recent history of human disturbance. We used pole-mounted cameras and tree-climbing to survey cavities in 39 plots (each 200 × 40 m) across old-growth forests and 11–34-year-old secondary forests. We used generalized linear models to examine how cavity supply was related to forest age and land-use history (cut only vs cut-and-burn), and principal components analysis to compare cavity characteristics between old-growth and secondary forest. Cavity availability increased with secondary forest age, regardless of land-use history, but the oldest secondary forest (31–34 years) still had fewer cavities (mean ± SE = 9.8 ± 2.2 cavities ha–1) than old-growth forest (20.5 ± 4.2 cavities ha–1). Moreover, secondary forests lacked cavities that were high and deep, with large entrances—characteristics likely to be important for many species of cavity-nesting birds. Several decades may be necessary to restore cavity supply in secondary Amazonian forests, especially for the largest birds (e.g., forest-falcons and parrots > 190 g). Retention of legacy trees as forest is cleared might help maintain a supply of cavities that could allow earlier recolonization by some species of cavity-nesting birds when cleared areas are abandoned. A Portuguese version of this article is available in Supplementary Material 1.
Mapping Resilient Landscapes to Climate Change in a Megadiverse Country MF Rosenfield, L Jardim, M Antongiovanni, LCA Querido, AA Ribeiro, ... Global Change Biology 31 (10), e70544 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Long-term vertebrate roadkill monitoring in Central Amazon: Vehicle traffic effect and hotspot inconstancy over time AS de Menezes Medeiros, C Cornelius, ER Costa, E Venticinque, ... Journal of Environmental Management 393, 127094 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Opportunistic predation events of mist net-entangled animals in Amazonian white-sand forest patches P Friedemann, C Cornelius Ornithology Research 33 (1), 52 , 2025 2025
Urbanisation Does Not Affect Allometric Relationships in a Widespread Amazonian Dung Beetle Species R Munguía‐Steyer, RP Salomão, GV Bernardino, C Cornelius Austral Ecology 50 (1), e70026 , 2025 2025
How does landscape structure affect dung beetle assemblages in Amazon cities? VP Mesquita, GVS Bernardino, PED Bobrowiec, RP Salomão, ... Ecology and Evolution 15 (1), e70704 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Disentangling the veil line for Brazilian biodiversity: An overview from two long-term research programs reveals huge gaps in ecological data reporting AF Guimaraes, LC de Alagao Querido, T Rocha, D de Jesus Rodrigues, ... Science of the Total Environment 950, 174880 , 2024 2024 Citations: 19
Multi‐Taxa Responses to Climate Change in the Amazon Forest CAS Rodrigues‐Filho, FRC Costa, J Schietti, A Nogueira, RP Leitão, ... Global Change Biology 30 (11), e17598 , 2024 2024 Citations: 9
Secondary Amazon rainforest partially recovers tree cavities suitable for nesting birds in 18–34 years C Dantas Oliveira, C Cornelius, PC Stouffer, KL Cockle Ornithological Applications 126 (3), duae008 , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
Habitat loss reduces abundance and body size of forest-dwelling dung beetles in an Amazonian urban landscape GVS Bernardino, VP Mesquita, PED Bobrowiec, L Iannuzzi, RP Salomão, ... Urban Ecosystems 27 (4), 1175-1190 , 2024 2024 Citations: 19
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research RL Carvalho, AF Resende, J Barlow, FM França, MR Moura, R Maciel, ... Current Biology 33 (16), 3495-3504. e4 , 2023 2023 Citations: 170
Phylogeographic and demographic patterns reveal congruent histories in seven Amazonian White‐Sand ecosystems birds JMG Capurucho, MV Ashley, C Cornelius, SH Borges, CC Ribas, ... Journal of Biogeography 50 (7), 1221-1233 , 2023 2023 Citations: 10
Ecomorphology and functional diversity of generalist and specialist bird assemblages in Amazonian white-sand ecosystem habitat patches GR Lima, SH Borges, M Anciães, C Cornelius Acta Amazonica 53 (2), 141-153 , 2023 2023 Citations: 6
How to include and recognize the work of ornithologists based in the Neotropics: Fourteen actions for Ornithological Applications , Ornithology , and other global … E Ruelas Inzunza, KL Cockle, MG Núñez Montellano, CS Fontana, ... Ornithological Applications 125 (1), duac047 , 2023 2023 Citations: 27
Neotropical ornithology: Reckoning with historical assumptions, removing systemic barriers, and reimagining the future L Soares, KL Cockle, E Ruelas Inzunza, JT Ibarra, CI Miño, S Zuluaga, ... Ornithological Applications 125 (1), duac046 , 2023 2023 Citations: 90
Landscape configuration of an Amazonian island-like ecosystem drives population structure and genetic diversity of a habitat-specialist bird CD Ritter, CC Ribas, J Menger, SH Borges, CD Bacon, JP Metzger, ... Landscape Ecology 36 (9), 2565-2582 , 2021 2021 Citations: 12
Phenotypic variation in a neotropical understory bird driven by environmental change in an urbanizing Amazonian landscape SS Avilla, KE Sieving, M Anciães, C Cornelius Oecologia 196 (3), 763-779 , 2021 2021 Citations: 13
Sister species, different histories: comparative phylogeography of two bird species associated with Amazonian open vegetation CD Ritter, LA Coelho, JM Capurucho, SH Borges, C Cornelius, CC Ribas Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 132 (1), 161-173 , 2021 2021 Citations: 32
Patterns and processes of diversification in Amazonian white sand ecosystems: insights from birds and plants JMG Capurucho, SH Borges, C Cornelius, A Vicentini, EMB Prata, ... Neotropical diversification: patterns and processes, 245-270 , 2020 2020 Citations: 50
Islands in a green ocean: Spatially structured endemism in Amazonian white‐sand vegetation FM Costa, MH Terra‐Araujo, CE Zartman, C Cornelius, FA Carvalho, ... Biotropica 52 (1), 34-45 , 2020 2020 Citations: 35
A new record of rhamphocelus carbo (pallas, 1764) consuming pagamea guianensis aubl JM Alves, C Cornelius, VV Scudeller Int J Avian & Wildlife Biol 3 (2), 139-141 , 2018 2018
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Cavity-nesting birds in neotropical forests: cavities as a potentially limiting resource C Cornelius, K Cockle, N Politi, I Berkunsky, L Sandoval, V Ojeda, ... Ornitologia Neotropical 19 (SUPPL), 253-268 , 2008 2008 Citations: 198
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research RL Carvalho, AF Resende, J Barlow, FM França, MR Moura, R Maciel, ... Current Biology 33 (16), 3495-3504. e4 , 2023 2023 Citations: 170
Los ecosistemas del desierto de Atacama y área andina adyacente en el norte de Chile PA Marquet, F Jaksic Andrade 1998 Citations: 157
Effects of habitat fragmentation on bird species in a relict temperate forest in semiarid Chile C Cornelius, H Cofré, PA Marquet Conservation biology 14 (2), 534-543 , 2000 2000 Citations: 147
Effects of human activity on the structure of coastal marine bird assemblages in central Chile C Cornelius, SA Navarrete, PA Marquet Conservation Biology 15 (5), 1396-1404 , 2001 2001 Citations: 96
Neotropical ornithology: Reckoning with historical assumptions, removing systemic barriers, and reimagining the future L Soares, KL Cockle, E Ruelas Inzunza, JT Ibarra, CI Miño, S Zuluaga, ... Ornithological Applications 125 (1), duac046 , 2023 2023 Citations: 90
Combining phylogeography and landscape genetics of Xenopipo atronitens (Aves: Pipridae), a white sand campina specialist, to understand Pleistocene … JMG Capurucho, C Cornelius, SH Borges, M Cohn-Haft, A Aleixo, ... Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 110 (1), 60-76 , 2013 2013 Citations: 89
Habitat fragmentation drives inter-population variation in dispersal behavior in a Neotropical rainforest bird C Cornelius, M Awade, C Cândia-Gallardo, KE Sieving, JP Metzger Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation 15 (1), 3-9 , 2017 2017 Citations: 80
Matrix type affects movement behavior of a Neotropical understory forest bird M Biz, C Cornelius, JPW Metzger Perspectives in ecology and conservation 15 (1), 10-17 , 2017 2017 Citations: 77
What is the avifauna of Amazonian white-sand vegetation? SH Borges, C Cornelius, C Ribas, R Almeida, E Guilherme, A Aleixo, ... Bird Conservation International 26 (2), 192-204 , 2016 2016 Citations: 58
Spatial variation in nest-site selection by a secondary cavity-nesting bird in a human-altered landscape C Cornelius The Condor 110 (4), 615-626 , 2008 2008 Citations: 55
Conservation of temperate forest birds in Chile: implications from the study of an isolated forest relict S Reid, C Cornelius, O Barbosa, C Meynard, C Silva-García, PA Marquet Biodiversity & Conservation 11 (11), 1975-1990 , 2002 2002 Citations: 54
Landscape-level comparison of genetic diversity and differentiation in a small mammal inhabiting different fragmented landscapes of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest N Balkenhol, R Pardini, C Cornelius, F Fernandes, S Sommer Conservation Genetics 14 (2), 355-367 , 2013 2013 Citations: 53
Bird communities in Amazonian white‐sand vegetation patches: Effects of landscape configuration and biogeographic context SH Borges, C Cornelius, M Moreira, CC Ribas, M Conh‐Haft, ... Biotropica 48 (1), 121-131 , 2016 2016 Citations: 51
Patterns and processes of diversification in Amazonian white sand ecosystems: insights from birds and plants JMG Capurucho, SH Borges, C Cornelius, A Vicentini, EMB Prata, ... Neotropical diversification: patterns and processes, 245-270 , 2020 2020 Citations: 50
Comparative Phylogeography of Two Bird Species, Tachyphonus phoenicius (Thraupidae) and Polytmus theresiae (Trochilidae), Specialized in Amazonian White … MV Matos, SH Borges, FM d'Horta, C Cornelius, E Latrubesse, ... Biotropica 48 (1), 110-120 , 2016 2016 Citations: 49
Small mammals of the Atacama desert (Chile) FM Jaksic, JC Torres-Mura, C Cornelius, PA Marquet Journal of Arid Environments 42 (2), 129-135 , 1999 1999 Citations: 46
Islands in a green ocean: Spatially structured endemism in Amazonian white‐sand vegetation FM Costa, MH Terra‐Araujo, CE Zartman, C Cornelius, FA Carvalho, ... Biotropica 52 (1), 34-45 , 2020 2020 Citations: 35
Sister species, different histories: comparative phylogeography of two bird species associated with Amazonian open vegetation CD Ritter, LA Coelho, JM Capurucho, SH Borges, C Cornelius, CC Ribas Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 132 (1), 161-173 , 2021 2021 Citations: 32
Diversidad en bosques fragmentados de Chiloé:¿ Son todos los fragmentos iguales R Jaña-Prado, JL Celis-Diez, AG Gutiérrez, C Cornelius, JJ Armesto Biodiversidad en ambientes fragmentados de Chile: Patrones y procesos a … , 2006 2006 Citations: 32