Prof.Deepak Vyas
@dhsgsu.ac.in
Professor Department of Botany
Dr.Harisingh Gour Central University
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Expertiztaion and the working area includes mycorrhiza, mushroom biotechnology, mushroom collection & conservation, mushroom cultivation, mushroom therapeutics, mushroom secondary metabolites and its application on plant health, plant pathogens, animal manure, biochar, organic farming & biofertilizer, and microbial technology, Plant resource management, landscaping & garden designing, Floriculture
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Chandan Singh and Deepak Vyas
Informa UK Limited
Neelam Chaudhary, Chandan Singh, Priya Pathak, and Deepak Vyas
Informa UK Limited
Chandan Singh, Priya Pathak, Neelam Chaudhary, and Deepak Vyas
Springer International Publishing
Javed Ahmad Wagay, Amer M. Alanazi, Deepak Vyas, Shauket Ahmad Pala, and Qazi Inamur Rahman
Elsevier BV
Javed Ahmad Wagay, Gulzar Ahmad Nayik, Sajad Ahmad Wani, Rouf Ahmad Mir, Mir Ashfaq Ahmad, Qazi Inamur Rahman, and Deepak Vyas
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
The present investigation was carried out to know the aboriginal usage of Morchella esculenta L. as an ethnomedicinal food by tribals of Kashmir, an extreme northern state of India for curing of arthritis, osteoporosis, general bone weakness and cure child labour pain and post menopause pain of women. The average long-life expectancy (~ 80 years) and delayed aging ensured the abundant use of M. esculenta L. as the bases of their daily foods as well as their traditional medicine. The antioxidant character of this mushroom was carried out by chemical and electrochemical assays. The chemical assay was done by DPPH, nitric- oxide, super-oxide scavenging and reducing power while as, electrochemical assay was done by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) using multi-wall carbon nanotube paste electrode (MWCNTPE) at 0.02 M acetate buffer (pH 4.5). The phenolic profiling of the mushroom was evaluated through Folin–Ciocalteu reagent using gallic acid/ascorbic acid as standard which were qualified and quantified by HPLC-UV technique, respectively. The IC50 values found were 57.02 µg ml−1, 58.02 µg ml−1 and 40.01 µg ml−1 for DPPH, nitric-oxide and superoxide. The electrochemical results have shown one oxidation potential at 1.12 V and positive potential at 1.119 ± 0.01 V in CV and 1.19 V in DPV. DPV at superoxide radical scavenging level of mushroom at dropping mercury electrode (DME) in 0.1 M KCl, produced a reduction peak potential at − 0.160 V. HPLC-UV have confirmed the presence of eight phenolic compounds namely, p-coumaric acid, tocopherol, catechol, rutin, hyperoside, quercetin, ellagic acid and cinnamic acid with quercetin at highest percentage (169.76%).
A. Vyas, Chayanika Putatunda, J. Singh and D. Vyas
Seameo Biotrop
Groundnut shell which is rich in natural cellulose was assessed as a substrate for production of cellulase enzyme by cellulolytic bacteria. In the present investigation the bacterial isolate Bacillus subtilis M1 was found to be capable of producing high amount of endoglucanase and exoglucanase on alkali treated groundnut shell. The effect of some nitrogen sources, amino acids and Ca++ ionsin the medium containing pretreated groundnut shell were also evaluated. It was observed that 2% substrate concentration, 1mM calcium concentration were optimum for cellulase production. Ammonium nitrate was found to be the best among nitrogen sources tested. Asparagine, tryptophan and methionine were found to be stimulatory for cellulase activity. Keywords: Bacillus subtilis , cellulase, endoglucanase, exoglucanase, groundnut shell
Ashish Vyas, Chayanika Putatunda, and Deepak Vyas
Oriental Scientific Publishing Company
Cellulases form a very important group of enzymes which find application in a wide array of processes including production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials, biopulping, textile processing, as additives in animal feeds and laundry detergents etc. In the present research investigation, Jeotgalibacillus marinus MTCC 6233 was isolated from decomposing cellulosic waste material. The isolate was further screened and characterized for production of cellulases. The bacterial strain was found to be a potent producer of endoglucanase, exoglucanase as well as β –glucosidase. Highest production of all the three cellulolytic enzymes was observed at 6th day of incubation. Activity of all the three enzymes was found to be optimum at pH 6 and temperature 500 C. Endoglucanase activity was found to be inhibited by 2,4-Di Nitro Phenol (2,4-DNP) and HgCl2. Thus, the isolate Jeotgalibacillus marinus MTCC 6233 can be further assessed for these enzymatic activities and may prove to be a potential candidate for production of various cellulolytic enzymes at commercial scale.
Ashok Shukla, Keerti Dehariya, Deepak Vyas, and Anuradha Jha
Informa UK Limited
The purpose of present study was to develop a management strategy based on a time effective inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to mitigate the yield losses of Cicer arietinum L. due to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc). The interactions between AMF (mycorrhizal consortium; Myc) and Foc were studied in three separate experiments in two successive years (2011 and 2012). In particular, we investigated: the effect of Myc on population density of Foc, the effect of Foc on mycorrhisation (root colonisation index and AMF spore density/50 g sand) and the interactive effects of Myc and Foc on growth, phosphorus (P) content and disease severity index of C. arietinum. Results suggested that pre-inoculating plants with AMF (Myc + Foc) considerably reduced Foc population density, while combined (Myc/Foc) and early inoculation of AMF (Myc + Foc) increased mycorrhisation, growth and P content of plants. Combined and early inoculation of AMF reduced disease severity index up to 68 and 89.5%, respectively. Thus, the results suggested that soil pretreated with AMF acted as bioprotectant against the Fusarium. In conclusion, Myc should be inoculated before transplantation of crop seedlings to the fields. However, extrapolation of the results to the real field conditions should be done with caution because of differences in growth conditions and substrate used in present study i.e. net house and sand, respectively.
K. Dehariya, A. Shukla, M.A. Ganaie, and D. Vyas
Informa UK Limited
The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of individual and co-inoculation of Trichoderma and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in controlling wilt disease and growth reduction in Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. caused by Fusarium udum. In this regard, three different isolates of Trichoderma, i.e. Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride and Th0126K, and consortium of AMF (Myc, mixture of Glomus cerebriforme, G. intraradices and G. mosseae) individually and in combinations were tested in net house. Among all the treatments tested, co-inoculation of T. harzianum and Myc gave maximum growth, however inoculation of Myc alone was sufficient for growth promotion (p < 0.05). Fusarium considerably reduced all the parameters studied, except dry weight and enhanced disease severity. Results clearly showed that different isolates of Trichoderma produced varied results with Myc. Thus, it can be stated that soil must be pretreated with biocontrol agents to achieve enhanced growth and effective protection against the Fusarium.
Meenakshi Singh, Deepak Vyas, and Pradeep Kumar Singh
Informa UK Limited
In this study, the interaction of soil microbes with mycorrhizal fungi (MF) was performed to understand the effect on tomato. A pot and a field experiment were employed to investigate the impact of soil microbes i.e. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus niger and Rhizobium leguminosarum, on AM fungi in pots and field studies. The soils without microbes which treated controls with or without mycorrhizal inoculation were also included. Plant growth and root colonisation were measured 36, 75 and 120 days post inoculation (dpi) in the both pot experiment and field study. Soil microbes’ effects on the growth behaviour of the tomato plant were determined via the shoot and root weight. R. leguminosarum and A. niger did not affect the colonisation ability much, but F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and T. harzianum resulted in the inhibition of AM fungal colonisation in both pot and field studies. Our study provides evidence for the effects of soil microbes on the diversity of AM fungi and their effect on the tomato plants. The higher concentrations of phosphorus and of proteins in the root tissues, previously colonised with AM fungi, point out their effect as biofertilizers, according to the concept of sustainable agriculture.
Ashok Shukla, Anil Kumar, Anuradha Jha, Onkar Salunkhe, and Deepak Vyas
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Plants respond differentially to different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as well as to the different soil moisture levels. Based on this background, the present study was carried out to investigate the effects of different levels of soil moisture and AMF inoculations on mycorrhization and growth of important agroforestry plants, viz., Phaseolus mungo, Triticum aestivum, Eucalyptus tereticornis, and Albizia procera. The experiments consisted of main treatment, i.e., three levels of soil moisture [field capacity (FC = 16 %), half-field capacity (FC/2 = 8 %) and double-field capacity (2×FC = 32 %)] and four subtreatments (mycorrhizal inoculations), viz., Acaulospora scrobiculata, Glomus cerebriforme, Glomus intraradices, and un-inoculated (control). AMF inoculations significantly (P < 0.05) increased growth and P uptake, in all tested plant species. In P. mungo, maximum AMF efficiency was observed at FC while in other plants, AMF were equally effective at FC/2 and 2×FC. Different inoculants were effective at different moisture levels. Furthermore, mycorrhization was the highest at FC. AMF inoculations were more important than soil moisture (explaining 33–97 % variation in growth) in P. mungo, T. aestivum, and A. procera (forward selection method), whereas soil moisture was more important for growth of E. tereticornis. Thus, it may be stated that depending upon soil moisture, inoculation of plants with suitable AMF consortium can be beneficial.
A Shukla, D Vyas, and Jha Anuradha
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Present study deals with the distribution and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in naturally growing Withania somnifera and Ocimum sanctum. Variations in soil pH and moisture content (%) at different soil depths (0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40 cm) and their possible influences on AMF spore populations were studied at two sites i.e. Jaitpur and Karaiya. A total of 27 AMF species (8 Acaulospora, 1 Cetraspora, 1 Claroideoglomus, 1 Entrophospora, 1 Funneliformis, 13 Glomus, 1 Simiglomus and 1 Septoglomus) were identified. Results revealed that W. somnifera harbors relatively more AMF species (21) than O. sanctum (14). Acaulospora scrobiculata, Sep. deserticola and Sim. hoi dominated the rhizosphere of W. somnifera, while A. scrobiculata, Sep. deserticola and G. fasciculatum were predominant in O. sanctum. Spore populations, soil pH and moisture content varied significantly across soil depths. Moreover, the ability of soil to support AMF population decreased significantly with increased soil depth. Results clearly indicated the involvement of factor other than soil pH and moisture content in AMF distribution. Thus, it may be stated that overriding factor was depth, and this can be justified by fewer roots and fewer mycorrhizae in deeper soil layers.
Ashok Shukla, Anil Kumar, Anuradha Jha, Shiv Kumar Dhyani, and Deepak Vyas
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
In tree-based intercropping system (agroforestry), the role of perennial trees in maintaining active populations and mycelial networks of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is well documented. Agroforestry positively influences the AMF community, but complete studies regarding mycorrhization in such systems are scarce. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of tree introduction in agriculture fields on mycorrhization. In particular, we investigated the effect of trees on AMF colonization of intercrops and vice versa, the effect of canopy management of trees on their root colonization, and the cross-infectivity of AMF isolated from tree rhizosphere in intercrops and vice versa. The results of the field study suggest that in agroforestry systems, trees acted as AMF inoculum reservoir for intercrops, especially during the rainy season. Intercropping (Phaseolus mungo and Triticum aestivum in the rainy and winter seasons, respectively) increased mycorrhization, i.e., root colonization and spore population in the rhizosphere of Albizia procera and Eucalyptus tereticornis. Canopy management, i.e., shoot pruning, reduces root colonization in A. procera, Anogeissus pendula, Dalbergia sissoo, Hardwickia binata, and Tectona grandis, especially in April 2005 (late spring), but during subsequent periods, differences among the treatments were at par. Results from greenhouse suggest that AMF are nonspecific in their selection of host since species isolated from tree rhizosphere could colonize the roots of crops and vice versa.
Pradeep Kumar Singh, Meenakshi Mishra, and Deepak Vyas
Informa UK Limited
The effect of root exudates from mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal tomato plants on microconidia germination of the tomato pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici was tested. Microconidia germination was enhanced in the presence of root exudates from mycorrhizal tomato plants. Tomato plants were colonised by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus fasciculatum, indicating that alterations of the exudation pattern depended on the degree of root AM colonisation. Testing the exudates from plants with a high and a low P level revealed that the alterations of the root exudates from mycorrhizal plants, resulting in a changed effect on microconidia germination, are not due to an improved P status of mycorrhizal plants.
Pradeep Kumar Singh, Meenakshi Singh, and Deepak Vyas
Informa UK Limited
Abstract Present study deals with the biocontrol of Fusarium wilt of chickpea using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Glomus hoi (Gh), Glomus fasciculatum (Gf) and Rhizobium leguminosorum Biovar. (Rl), which are the important members of rhizosphere and biological control agents, were examined on both the patho- system of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum). The colonization and nodulation of two biocontrol agents exhibited differences as a result of reciprocal interactions of these items as well as the effect of the Foc. Nodulation of Rl particularly decreased in triple inoculation. In addition, colonization of AMF significantly decreased in treatment of Foc+AMF than control, AMF. It was determined that single biological control agents inoculations were more effective than dual inoculations (AMF+Rl). When the morphological parameters of chickpea were considered, all of the morphological values were decreased in treatments which present Foc. Beside this all biological control agent increased total contents of P and N in treated plants compared to controls.