K MANICKAVASAGAM
@nitttrbpl.ac.in
Professor in Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering and Education
National Institute of Technical Teacher's Training and Research
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
FUTURE PROJECTS
Health Monitoring and Prognosis of Electric Motors in Electric Vehicle
Electric mobility has become an essential part of the future of transportation. Detection, diagnosis and prognosis of fault in electric drives are improving the reliability, of electric vehicles (EV). Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives are used in a large variety of applications due to their dynamic performances, higher power density and higher efficiency. In this study, health monitoring and prognosis of PMSM is developed by creating intelligent digital twin (i-DT) in MATLAB/ Simulink.
Applications Invited
Collaborator
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Prajwal K T, Krishnan Manickavasagam, and S Malathi
IOP Publishing
Abstract A primary method of energy harvesting from kinetic energy is constructed by levitating a magnet between stationary magnets in Levitation Based Energy Harvesting (LBEH). The levitating magnet movements are captured in the coil which is wound across magnets and the voltage is generated. Vertical movement of levitating magnet is only considered for designing LBEH. In this work, levitation magnet is allowed to move in vertical as well as in angular space with all directions. The two stationary magnets are replaced with one spring fixed at the bottom so that the levitation magnet absorbs vertical and angular movement due to vibration absorbed by the spring. This arrangement is realized with a mathematical model and simulation that results in conical shape of coil. The designed Conical Energy Harvester (CEH) is able to capture the movement of levitation magnet due to vibrations absorbed by the spring in all the directions. The simulation results indicate that the voltage developed by CEH is 1.27 times higher than that of voltage developed by LBEH.
R Suchita, Jayashree P Yalawar, Anusha Vadde, K Manickavasagam, and Prashant Bekwad
IEEE
Three phase squirrel cage induction motors are widely used as industrial drives as they are self-starting, reliable and economical. In this paper, three phase squirrel cage induction motor is modeled, analyzed and simulated in Ansys MAXWELL-RMxprt, an electrical machine design tool. Magnetic flux lines and Magnetic flux density analyzed and animated using Finite Element Method in Ansys MAXWELL 2D. MATLAB software is used for computation of different power ratings of three phase SCIM. This research work mainly aims to remove the requirement of the high-cost dynamometer test procedure. The proposed mathematical tool is simple, more accurate and less expensive which will give efficiency of the three phase SCIM with minimum possible error. The proposed method is aided by the extraction of stray load losses using the Ansys MAXWELL-RMxprt software. Efficiency estimation using different methods are being calculated, verified and compared for four motors. Mainly focused on the 110kW SCIM employed in this research study.
Viji UdayaSurian, Krishnan Manickavasagam, and Malathi. S
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Swathy Nair, K. Manickavasagam, and S. Nagaraja Rao
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Prajwal K T, Tejkumar K Makanur, Pradeep R, Manjula M, Varun Gowda S, and K Manickavasagam
IEEE
This paper provides a comprehensive overview of miniaturized vortex-induced bladeless wind turbines, highlighting their unique design principles, operational mechanisms, and potential applications in the renewable energy landscape for batteries and other sensor-based applications. Unlike conventional wind turbines that rely on rotating blades, vortex-induced bladeless wind turbines exploit the aerodynamic phenomenon known as the von Kármán vortex street to generate electricity. The project's background lies in the rapid growth of renewable energy for producing small values of voltages and current which can be used for sensors instead of batteries as it needs to be replaced very often. The energy conversion mechanisms, including piezoelectric materials and electromagnetic induction, are discussed in detail, shedding light on the efficiency and reliability of this novel technology. We have designed 3D CAD Model using SolidWorks and setup a controlled testing domain for fluid simulation analysis to analyze the performance of our prototype.
Sachin S, Krishnan Manickavasagam, and A T Sriram
IEEE
Temperature rise in a 3ϕ, Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled (TEFC)., Squirrel Cage Induction Motor (SCIM) used in Electric Vehicles (EV) is effected by core loss. The temperature rise is a function of core loss and other losses. Since, the core loss components eddy current and hysteresis losses are a function of flux and flux density, Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to obtain average maximum flux density at different loads. Core loss is varying with respect to load and hence temperature rise, resistance value, starting torque to maximum torque $(\\displaystyle \\frac{T_{st}}{T_{\\max}})$ ratio and current drawn at $(\\displaystyle \\frac{T_{st}}{T_{\\max}})$ also varies which is so far assumed constant in reality. The analysis is made on the effect of core loss on SCIM used in EV for performance enhancement. The results reveals that when the variable core loss is considered, temperature rise is reduced and the SCIM rating is enhanced for 20%.
Senthil Kumar A, Krishnan Manickavasagam, and Pramod K Bhandiwad
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Shweta S Hooli, Anusha Vadde, Govind R Kadambi, and Krishnan Manickavasagam
IEEE
This work is carried out to understand flux distribution around induction motor and their influence on human health. High-capacity Squirrel Cage Induction Motor (SCIM) draws huge currents; hence, the colossal flux density is emitted around the motor. When the leakage flux interfere with high-frequency electromagnetic waves, the influence on a human being is more dominant than power frequency. Time domain Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is performed to get an accurate instant value of magnetic flux distribution in and around motor a 15kW, SCIM. A 3D human head is modelled using FEA and placed in the vicinity of magnetic leakage flux mixed with high-frequency electromagnetic waves. The simulation reveals that magnetic leakage flux from SCIM is harmful to humans. The main objective of this work is to identify safe regions and create awareness of magnetic leakage flux, which can cause human health problems.
Prajwal Kogodu Thirthappa and Manickavasagam Krishnan
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Abstract Levitation based energy harvester (LBEH) is an energy harvesting technology which is used to convert the existing kinetic energy into electrical energy. The technique utilizes a levitating magnet which in a closed container vibrate or moves for the subjected vibrations. An outer coil which will extract energy into electrical voltage is carefully selected or designed or the rating. In this research work, a conventional LBEH is designed, simulated, and studied for a particular vibration data. The same is carried out in the FEM analysis software. The system is also mathematically derived and analyzed in the numerical tool. The results obtained from the numerical and FEM tool are compared. At the end of the research work, a parametric study is carried out for the variations in the input characteristics such as frequency, nature of vibrations and other parameters. Results obtained indicate that the power developed is maximum with a value of 0.7 V and 10 mW for the designed natural frequency of 10 Hz and decreases on either side as the bandwidth varies from 5 to 15 Hz.
S. Sachin, Krishnan Manickavasagam, and A.T. Sriram
Elsevier BV
Senthil Kumar A and Krishnan Manickavasagam
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
K. T. Prajwal, K. Manickavasagam, and R. Suresh
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Senthil Kumar A and Krishnan Manickavasagam
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Jayashree P Yalawar, R. Suchita, Anusha Vadde, K Manickavasagam, and Prashant Bekwad
IEEE
Three phase Squirrel Cage Induction Motors (SCIM) are widely used as industrial drives due to their self-starting, reliable and economical feature. The estimation of the refurbished/rewound SCIM’s working efficiency is given priority in this work. The conventional test set up used by manufacturing industry may not be feasible solution for estimating the efficiency of refurbished/rewound SCIM due to transportation and other issues. Current Vector Method (CVM) and Modified IEEE Standard 112 Equivalent Circuit Method (Modified IEEE Std. ECM) are used based no-load availability of the data. The measured stray load losses are accounted in estimating the efficiency. Hence, the expensive dynamometer test procedure is removed. The proposed methods are simple, more accurate and less expensive which will give minimum possible error. Efficiency estimation using different methods are being calculated, verified and compared for three different rating of three phase SCIM. Mainly focused on the 110kW SCIM carried out in this research work.
S. Sachin, Krishnan Manickavasagam, and A. T. Sriram
Praise Worthy Prize
Jayanth B, V. Sailaja, K. Deepa, and K. Manickavasagam
IEEE
The work focuses on how to overcome discriminating environment on buying and selling price of the power in a micro grid. An intermediate system is built to overcome the discriminate environment on real time scenario. Case study with different kinds of loads is carried out to ensure both suppliers and consumers of the micro grid are equally handled over a distributive system. The system works according to the consumer's interaction with the grid. A grading system is introduced to push the respective consumers to the higher level based on the interaction with the grid, thus providing non-discriminating environment. This mechanism will encourage consumers to participate in the grading system and more number of suppliers to join the system. The base of the system is carried using IEEE 44 bus for 2 micro-grids and the simulation is carried out in MATLAB. The system is built on JAVA platform for long run.
Sohail Khazi, Anusha Vadde, Krishnan Manickavasagam, Govind R. Kadambi, Venkat Narayanan, B. M. Lokesh, Swapan Sarkar, and Jagadeesha
Springer Singapore
Shweta S Hooli, Anusha Vadde, Krishnan Manickavasagam, and Govind R Kadambi
IEEE
Detection of low-level electrical winding faults in Squirrel Cage Induction Motor (SCIM) is prime importance in Electric Vehicle (EVs). This analysis is carried out to predict flux distribution inside and outside of SCIM using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). In FEA, time domain analysis is performed to determine flux at the instant of fault with respect to time whereas steady state analysis will not give such a results. Flux distribution provides significant information about the behavior of SCIM. For analyzing the leakage flux in the surface vicinity of SCIM a 15kW machine is chosen. The analysis indicates magnetic flux distribution and ideal location of flux sensor. From FEM model, leakage flux on the surface of SCIM is captured and exported to MATLAB for health monitoring. Fuzzy rule base is developed for mapping the flux with health monitoring of SCIM used in Electric Vehicle (EV). Continuous health monitoring of the machine is captured by fuzzy controller and displayed in EV or vehicle monitoring centre.
Sudha B, Anusha Vadde, and Krishnan Manickavasagam
IEEE
Sudha. B, , Anusha Vadde, Krishnan Manickavasagam, Govind R Kadambi, , , and
Journal of Engineering Research
Induction motor usage is increasing drastically due to new entrant of electric vehicle, traction and propulsion systems at present. Temperature of electric motors are significantly affect its parameters. Since, resistances variation of stator and rotor winding are depend on temperature, the torque speed characteristics also affects in the induction motors. In this paper, a innovative approach is proposed to arrive the relation of temperature on torque. Thermal analysis of 160 L-frame induction motors is carried out using Finite Element Method (FEM) under various load to obtain temperature. The mathematical relationship between temperature and torque is arrived using curve fitting technique. The expression arrived in this method is used to predict the torque for a given temperature of SCIM.
Shweta S Hooli, Anusha Vadde, Krishnan Manickavasagam, and Govind R. Kadambi
Springer Singapore
This paper proposes a non-invasive method of predicting health monitoring of a three-phase Squirrel Cage Induction Motor (SCIM). A 15 kW SCIM is modelled using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) for performing magnetic analysis to design a restraining coil. Since, torque developed depends on magnitude of flux, an electronic system is designed to display the torque. Health condition of SCIM is predicted based on torque magnitude. A typical implementation of the proposed scheme on 15 kW SCIM revealed a satisfactory correlation between the experimental and simulation results. The proposed approach aids to monitor the SCIM in Electric Vehicles (EVs) without physical intervention.
Krishnan Manickavasagam, Ilango Karuppasamy, and Vineetha Puttaraj
Springer International Publishing
Power systems are steadily growing to meet the power demand. Due to the challenges arising from fossil fuel exploitation and associated pollution, researchers are focusing on distributed generations (DG). The hosting capacity of the power system can be increased by increasing the DG and energy storage device (ESD). However, usage of DG creates challenges in operation due to its stochastic nature. The electricity generated from DG causes mismatch of generation and load demand. This causes voltage and frequency deviations and eventually affects system stability. Penetration of DG with conventional power system requires strategic approach for smooth operation and control. Steady-state operation of DG connected to microgrid operates in two types of analysis: (i) large signal analysis and (ii) small signal analysis. The control strategies for island mode are classified as communication based and droop based. Presently, Internet of Things (IoT) is replacing high bandwidth lines for the purpose of effective communication. Different countries are following their own control strategies for effective control of microgrids. This chapter discusses the communication-based control strategy implemented in Gasa Island, South Korea. Taiwanese microgrid under normal and disturbance conditions implemented with multi-agent system (MAS) platform in Taiwan using agent-oriented programming is also discussed.
Suchitra Venkatesan, Krishnan Manickavasagam, Nikita Tengenkai, and Nagendran Vijayalakshmi
Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Electric mobility has become an essential part of the future of transportation. Detection, diagnosis and prognosis of fault in electric drives are improving the reliability, of electric vehicles (EV). Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives are used in a large variety of applications due to their dynamic performances, higher power density and higher efficiency. In this study, health monitoring and prognosis of PMSM is developed by creating intelligent digital twin (i-DT) in MATLAB/Simulink. An artificial neural network (ANN) and fuzzy logic are used for mapping inputs distance, time of travel of EV and outputs casing temperature, winding temperature, time to refill the bearing lubricant, percentage deterioration of magnetic flux to compute remaining useful life (RUL) of permanent magnet (PM). Health monitoring and prognosis of EV motor using i-DT is developed with two approaches. Firstly, in-house health monitoring and prognosis is developed to monitor the performance of the motor in-house. Secondly, Remote Health Monitoring and Prognosis Centre (RHMPC) is developed to monitor the performance of the motor remotely using cloud communication by the service provider of the EV. The simulation results prove that the RUL of PM and time to refill the bearing lubricant obtained by i-DT twins theoretical results.
Krishnan Manickavasagam, Belur Krishna Swathi Prasad, and Hariharan Ramasangu
Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Power system security assessment is important for the analysis of a power system network. The security analysis is based on equality constraint of generation-demand balance and inequality constraints of maximum voltage and current limits. The lack of a single measure to identify the state of the power system network limits the analysis of security and leads to uncertainty in identifying the states of the power system. In this study, a single measure Security Information Index (SII) is proposed for identifying the state of power system using steady-state power flow analysis. SII is computed using participation factors which are derived from both equality and inequality constraints, and moments of their statistics. SII is used to identify the present state of the power system and enhance the system security. This is successfully tested on IEEE 14 and IEEE 30-bus system.
Krishnan Manickavasagam, Naveen Kumar Thotakanama, and Vineetha Puttaraj
Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Utilisation of renewable energy sources (RES) is increasing day by day to reduce greenhouse emissions. The toxic emission from ship is the main concern in marine sector. Here, utilisation of renewable energy for propulsion and electrification of accessories in a ship are proposed. Microgrid with AC and DC bus is developed using solar panels, wind mills, fuel cell, diesel generator, and energy storage devices. Energy management system with two fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs) is used to select and manage energy in the microgrid. Selection of source is decided by FLC1 based on the availability of RES. Generation of control pulses for inter-linking converters is decided by FLC2 based on variation in solar irradiance and wind velocity. The microgrid with RES is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results show that uncertainty in RES can be handled by FLCs to provide a continuous power supply for transportation of ship and its accessories.