Dr Indrasen Singh

@vit.ac.in

Associate Professor in School of Electronics Engineering
Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

Dr Indrasen Singh


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https://researchid.co/erindrasen
Dr. Indrasen Singh is Assistant Professor (Sr. Grade-2) in School of Electronics Engineering (SENSE) at Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. He received his B. Tech. and M. Tech. Degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering from Uttar Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow, India in 2006, and 2010, respectively. He obtained his PhD degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering from National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Haryana, India in 2019. He has more than 12 years of teaching/research experience. He is the editorial board member of AJECE, Science Publishing Group, USA. He has published many research papers in National/International journals/conferences of repute. His research interests are in the area of cooperative communication, stochastic geometry, modeling of wireless networks, heterogeneous networks, millimeter wave communications, Device-to-Device communication, and 5G/6G communication

EDUCATION

Ph.D. in Mobile Communication (Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering),
2019, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India

M.Tech. (Electronics & Communication Engineering), 2010, Madan Mohan Malviya Engineering
College, Gorakhpur, U.P., India (UPTU, Lucknow) with 63.15%

B.Tech. (Electronics & Communication Engineering), 2006, NIEC Lucknow (UPTU, Lucknow)
with 67.78%

Intermediate, 2001, M.G. Inter College Gorakhpur, U.P. Board with 68.60%

Matriculation, 1999, M.G. Inter College Gorakhpur, U.P. Board with 67.50%

RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS

Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Artificial Intelligence
85

Scopus Publications

878

Scholar Citations

12

Scholar h-index

14

Scholar i10-index

Scopus Publications

  • Quantum-inspired sidelobe canceller beamformer with bidirectional beam scanning and sectorized jamming mitigation properties
    Avishek Chakraborty, Indrasen Singh, Chakradhar Adupa
    International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies, 2026
    The proposed research aims to develop an efficient sidelobe canceller beamforming antenna array for scanning and anti-jamming purposes in radars with time-modulation. Time-modulated antennas are unconventional alternatives to phased arrays, in which the phase deviations between the impinging signals can be controlled by suitably switching ON and OFF the array elements at different time instants. This research addresses the design of a quantum-inspired optimal time-modulated beamformer, aiming for a broad scan coverage of 90° towards broadside. The scanned beams are generated using quantum algorithm-inspired time schemes, in which the ON times of each element are optimized to achieve the optimal radiation characteristics. The beamformer simultaneously aimed to suppress the sidelobes of the scanned radiation patterns. The proposed beamformer is designed for an 8-element antenna array, and the incorporation of time-modulation and its inherent harmonics generation enables simultaneous beam scanning over a desired region. The scanned patterns with reduced sidelobes are further exploited for the strategic null placement by proposing the time-modulated single-point anti-jammers. The concept is further extended, and an 8-element beamformer is developed for sectorized anti-jamming to show the efficiency, effectiveness, and robustness of the proposed research. Multiple sectors in the angular region are targeted by exploiting the harmonics and suppressing them below a desired level. The sidelobe canceller beamformer also demonstrates decent performance, suppressing sidelobes below 20 dB across all applications. The radiation power efficiency of the beamformer is more than 78%. The proposed sidelobe canceller time-modulated beamformer is also compared with other related research for a detailed comparison.
  • Analysis and Optimization of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for 6G Coverage Enhancement
    Aman Kumar Singh, Bhavya Pandya, Shwetabh Sanjeev Suman, Indrasen Singh, Jagan Bihari Padhy
    Proceeding of International Conference on Computing Communication Control and Cyber Physical Systems I5cps 2026, 2026
  • Radio Frequency and Microwave Design for Next Generation Wireless Applications
    Rajkishor Kumar, Avinash Chandra, Indrasen Singh, Vijay Kumar, Yu-Chen Hu
    Radio Frequency and Microwave Design for Next Generation Wireless Applications, 2026
  • An IoT–Machine Learning Proof-of-Concept Framework for Real-Time Urban Particulate Matter Prediction Using Low-Cost Sensors
    Aryan Mohapatra, Abhishek Narayan Tripathi, Umar Khan, Rohan Kumar, Indrasen Singh
    IEEE Access, 2026
  • Deep Learning-Based Residual and Recovery Framework for Channel Estimation in 5G/B5G Networks
    Srivardan. B, Sachin Naachimuthu, Sree Sailesh K. S, Indrasen Singh, Jagan Bihari Padhy, et al.
    Proceeding of International Conference on Computing Communication Control and Cyber Physical Systems I5cps 2026, 2026
  • Secrecy outage probability and strictly positive secrecy capacity of UAV assisted cooperative NOMA system with two untrusted destinations
    Mohd Javed Khan, Saif Ahmad, Indrasen Singh, Umesh Kumar Sahu
    Scientific Reports, 2025
    The volume of confidential information transmitted over 5G networks has increased rapidly due to the widespread adoption of large machine-type communication and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Secrecy outage probability (SOP) and strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC) parameters are crucial parameters used in evaluating the security of wireless systems, particularly in situations where maintaining secrecy is essential. Also, Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has the potential to improve the performance of wireless communication systems due to its higher spectral efficiency, improved fairness in resource allocation, and enhanced coverage and connectivity. In this paper, we investigate the secrecy performance of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) assisted cooperative NOMA system with a half duplex protocol based amplify and forward relay over the Rayleigh fading channel in presence of two eavesdroppers for downlink communication. We derive SOP and SPSC of the proposed system model and analyze its performance in terms of the illegal SNR of eavesdroppers, power allocation coefficient, information rates and Rayleigh channel parameters. Simulation results demonstrate that SOP decreases with a higher value of power allocation coefficient and lower values of the illegal SNR of eavesdropper and lower information rates. SPSC increases with high values of power allocation coefficient of far destination and decreases with lower values of illegal SNR of eavesdroppers and Rayleigh channel parameters. Analytical simulations are verified using Monte Carlo simulations.
  • Hybrid cryptographic approach for strengthening IoT and 5G/B5G network security
    Aman Kumar, Prashutosh Singh, Dhananjay Pandurang Kamble, Indrasen Singh
    Scientific Reports, 2025
    The rapid evolution of fifth-generation (5G) and beyond (B5G) networks has introduced significant security challenges, necessitating advanced cryptographic mechanisms to protect sensitive data during transmission. Traditional encryption models often struggle to balance security, computational efficiency, and adaptability to dynamic network conditions. This study proposes a novel hybrid cryptographic framework integrating the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Data Encryption Standard (DES), and Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA) algorithms. AES and DES provide high-speed symmetric encryption for efficient data protection, while RSA enables secure key exchange and authentication. The integration of dynamic round keys enhances encryption complexity, improving resistance to cryptanalytic attacks. Performance evaluations, including encryption and decryption time analysis, data expansion metrics, and throughput assessments, demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves an optimal balance between security and computational overhead. Benchmark comparisons with traditional and post-quantum cryptographic models highlight the superior efficiency and reduced data expansion of the hybrid approach. Furthermore, practical implementation on ESP32 hardware confirms the model’s feasibility for real-time encryption in resource-constrained environments typical of 5G applications. This scalable and flexible encryption paradigm addresses current and emerging security requirements in high-speed wireless networks, with future work focusing on integration with quantum-resistant cryptographic mechanisms to enhance resilience against evolving cyber threats. Experimental results show that the hybrid model achieves up to 30% higher throughput, 10–15% lower data expansion, and reduced encryption/decryption time compared to baseline algorithms, with successful ESP32 implementation and 100% decryption accuracy for key sizes up to 128 bits.
  • HDL-ACO hybrid deep learning and ant colony optimization for ocular optical coherence tomography image classification
    Shivani Agarwal, Anand Kumar Dohare, Pranshu Saxena, Jagendra Singh, Indrasen Singh, et al.
    Scientific Reports, 2025
    Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) plays a crucial role in diagnosing ocular diseases, yet conventional CNN-based models face limitations such as high computational overhead, noise sensitivity, and data imbalance. This paper introduces HDL-ACO, a novel Hybrid Deep Learning (HDL) framework that integrates Convolutional Neural Networks with Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) to enhance classification accuracy and computational efficiency. The proposed methodology involves pre-processing the OCT dataset using discrete wavelet transform and ACO-optimized augmentation, followed by multiscale patch embedding to generate image patches of varying sizes. The hybrid deep learning model leverages ACO-based hyperparameter optimization to enhance feature selection and training efficiency. Furthermore, a Transformer-based feature extraction module integrates content-aware embeddings, multi-head self-attention, and feedforward neural networks to improve classification performance. Experimental results demonstrate that HDL-ACO outperforms state-of-the-art models, including ResNet-50, VGG-16, and XGBoost, achieving 95% training accuracy and 93% validation accuracy. The proposed framework offers a scalable, resource-efficient solution for real-time clinical OCT image classification.
  • Correction to: HDL-ACO hybrid deep learning and ant colony optimization for ocular optical coherence tomography image classification (Scientific Reports, (2025), 15, 1, (5888), 10.1038/s41598-025-89961-7)
    Shivani Agarwal, Anand Kumar Dohare, Pranshu Saxena, Jagendra Singh, Indrasen Singh, et al.
    Scientific Reports, 2025
  • Defected Ground Structure (DGS) Based MIMO Antenna Array With Decent Isolation Characteristics for Satellite Communications in Unified S-Band (USB)
    Avishek Chakraborty, Ravi Shankar Saxena, Indrasen Singh, Jatinder Kaur, Ramneet Kaur, et al.
    Radio Science, 2025
    This research focuses on developing an efficient, high‐isolation Multi‐Input Multi‐Output (MIMO) antenna array for Mobile Satellite Services (MSS). A portion of the S‐band (2–4 GHz) ranging from 2 to 2.2 GHz, known as Unified S‐Band (USB), is utilized for MSS, particularly for Space‐to‐Earth communications. The ultimate objective of the proposed MIMO is to cover the USB spectrum and resonate at 2.2 GHz. As the first step of the design process, a meandered line (ML) monopole patch with good radiation characteristics in the desired frequency band is designed. Then, the mirror image of the proposed ML radiator is added to the design to form a two‐element ML‐MIMO array. A well‐designed MIMO is highly beneficial for boosting the reliabilities, channel capacities, and frequency reuse in next‐generation communication. But at the same time, it inherently increases the coupling effect between closely placed radiators, which may degrade the performance of the overall design. To overcome the coupling effect, a defected ground structure (DGS) is proposed in the partial ground plane of the ML‐MIMO. The proposed DGS intends to reduce the coupling effects by perturbing the surface current distributions in the partial ground plane. Meanwhile, the DGS also enhances the compactness of the entire structure by boosting the gain and reducing the total weight. MIMO parameter metrics such as axial ratio below 3 dB, envelope correlation coefficient less than 0.0005, and a diversity gain close to 10 are also aimed by simultaneously reducing the mutual coupling below −30 dB and return loss below −25 dB for standard MIMO applications. The ML‐MIMO is then fabricated on a FR4 substrate with a dimension of 40 mm by 48 mm, and measured. The simulated outcomes are found to be in close approximation with the measurement outcomes. A detailed comparison and trade‐off analysis of the proposed design with respect to other contemporary research is also presented for further validation.
  • A Compact Defected Ground Structure-Based High Isolated Monopole MIMO Antenna for USB Band Mobile Satellite Services
    Avishek Chakraborty, Ravi Shankar Saxena, Indrasen Singh, Chandrasinh Parmar, Ali Khatibi, et al.
    International Journal of Communication Systems, 2025
  • Minimised Four-Port MIMO Antenna for Sub-6 GHz and Satellite Applications
    Jayaraman G., Indrasen Singh, Dilip Kumar Choudhary
    Defence Science Journal, 2025
  • Radiation pattern synthesis of smart fourth dimensional beamforming antenna arrays using optimally splitting pulses
    International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies, 2025
  • Gain and isolation improvement techniques for MIMO antenna: A compendious survey
    Jayaraman G, Indrasen Singh, Dilip Kumar Choudhary
    Results in Engineering, 2025
  • Intelligent Network Selection Mechanisms in the Internet of Everything System
    Indrasen Singh, Meenakshi Munjal
    IEEE Access, 2025
  • Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for Heart Disease Prediction
    Ujjwal Daharwal, Indrasen Singh, Ganesh Khekare
    Procedia Computer Science, 2025
  • Spectrum Sensing Using Fast Slepian Transform for Cognitive Radio Networks
    Aman Kumar, Indrasen Singh, Dilip Kumar Choudhary
    IEEE Access, 2025
  • Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Antenna for Medical Imaging and Sensing Applications
    Jayaraman G., Indrasen Singh, Dilip Kumar Choudhary
    4th Wireless Antenna and Microwave Symposium Wams 2025, 2025
  • Establishing Seamless Connectivity through UAV Communication Systems
    Saif Ahmad, Mohd Javed Khan, Indrasen Singh
    Microwave Devices and Circuits for Advanced Wireless Communication Design and Analysis, 2025
  • Machine Learning-Based Power Allocation Schemes in NOMA-Enabled 5G Communication
    Venkata Thapan Killi, S. Nakul Sriram, Indrasen Singh
    Indiscon 2025 IEEE 6th India Council International Subsections Conference Proceedings, 2025
  • Beamforming and MIMO for Terahertz Technology in Microwave and Photonic Systems
    Mohd Javed Khan, Saif Ahmad, Zeenat Fatima, Indrasen Singh
    Terahertz Technology in Microwave and Photonics for Effective Communications, 2025
  • AI-Driven Security Evaluation of the ZUC Stream Cipher in 5G Networks
    Veydant Katyal, Vrinda Bajaj, Aditya Parihar, Indrasen Singh
    IEEE Access, 2025
  • Brain Tumor Detection Using Deep Learning-Based CNN Model
    Donkada Sai Keerthan, Manish Reddy, Chetan Athi, Indrasen Singh
    2025 International Conference on Sensors and Related Networks Sennet 2025 Special Focus on Digital Healthcare 64220, 2025
  • Prioritized Routing and Energy Optimization in Underwater Sensor Networks
    V. Sanvika, M. Poorna Chandra, K. Vennela Anjani, Indrasen Singh
    3rd International Conference on Microwave Antenna and Communication Mac 2025, 2025
  • Opportunities and Challenges for ML-Based FPGA Backend Flow
    Saif Ahmad, Mohd Javed Khan, Indrasen Singh, Zeenat Fatima
    Advancing VLSI Through Machine Learning Innovations and Research Perspectives, 2025

RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Quantum‐Approximated Unconventional Sidelobe Canceling Beamformer for Bidirectional Scanning and Sectoral Jamming Mitigation
    A Chakraborty, I Singh
    International Journal of Communication Systems 39 (9), e70501 , 2026
    2026
  • System-level characterisation of hybrid LEO-terrestrial link performance under Ka-band propagation and interference constraints
    S Rajkumar, A Menon, S Gupta, I Singh
    Scientific Reports , 2026
    2026
  • DGS-inspired dual-band MIMO antenna array for mobile satellite services (MSS) and ISM band wireless operations
    A Chakraborty, RS Saxena, I Singh, J Kaur, M M, J MGM, S Seema, ...
    Engineering Research Express , 2026
    2026
  • Quantum-inspired sidelobe canceller beamformer with bidirectional beam scanning and sectorized jamming mitigation properties
    A Chakraborty, I Singh, C Adupa
    International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies, 1-16 , 2026
    2026
  • Beam Management and Optimization for 5G/B5G Wireless Networks Using Machine Learning
    A Mukherjee, K Sundaram, R Anand, I Singh
    2026 IEEE International Conference for Convergence in Computing Technology … , 2026
    2026
  • Analysis and Optimization of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for 6G Coverage Enhancement
    AK Singh, B Pandya, SS Suman, I Singh, JB Padhy
    2026 International Conference on Computing, Communication, Control and Cyber … , 2026
    2026
  • Deep Learning-Based Residual and Recovery Framework for Channel Estimation in 5G/B5G Networks
    S Naachimuthu, I Singh, JB Padhy, MJ Khan
    2026 International Conference on Computing, Communication, Control and Cyber … , 2026
    2026
  • Radio Frequency and Microwave Design for Next Generation Wireless Applications
    R Kumar, A Chandra, I Singh, V Kumar, YC Hu
    CRC Press , 2026
    2026
  • An IoT–Machine Learning Proof-of-Concept Framework for Real-Time Urban Particulate Matter Prediction Using Low-Cost Sensors
    A Mohapatra, AN Tripathi, U Khan, R Kumar, I Singh
    IEEE Access 14, 6683-6697 , 2026
    2026
    Citations: 1
  • Wideband Spearhead-Shaped Four-Port MIMO Antenna for Wireless Applications
    G Jayaraman, I Singh, DK Choudhary
    Wireless Personal Communications, 1-17 , 2026
    2026
  • MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) Antennas for Telemedicine
    A Segun Ayokunle, I Singh, V Rajpoot, A Kumar
    Biomedical Antenna Technology: Shaping the Future of Healthcare, 171-192 , 2025
    2025
  • Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Antennas for Medical Imaging and Sensing
    A Segun Ayokunle, I Singh, V Rajpoot, A Kumar
    Biomedical Antenna Technology: Shaping the Future of Healthcare, 193-206 , 2025
    2025
  • Microstrip Patch Antennas for Wearable Health Monitoring Systems
    A Segun Ayokunle, I Singh, V Rajpoot, A Kumar
    Biomedical Antenna Technology: Shaping the Future of Healthcare, 25-59 , 2025
    2025
  • Future Trends and Emerging Antenna Technologies in Biomedical Applications
    A Segun Ayokunle, I Singh, V Rajpoot, A Kumar
    Biomedical Antenna Technology: Shaping the Future of Healthcare, 235-259 , 2025
    2025
  • Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) in Wireless Medical Devices
    A Segun Ayokunle, I Singh, V Rajpoot, A Kumar
    Biomedical Antenna Technology: Shaping the Future of Healthcare, 125-151 , 2025
    2025
  • Reconfigurable Antennas for Adaptive Healthcare Devices
    A Segun Ayokunle, I Singh, V Rajpoot, A Kumar
    Biomedical Antenna Technology: Shaping the Future of Healthcare, 207-233 , 2025
    2025
  • Importance of Antennas in Healthcare Applications
    A Segun Ayokunle, I Singh, V Rajpoot, A Kumar
    Biomedical Antenna Technology: Shaping the Future of Healthcare, 1-23 , 2025
    2025
  • Implantable Antennas for Medical Devices
    A Segun Ayokunle, I Singh, V Rajpoot, A Kumar
    Biomedical Antenna Technology: Shaping the Future of Healthcare, 153-169 , 2025
    2025
  • Dipole Antennas for Medical Telemetry Systems
    A Segun Ayokunle, I Singh, V Rajpoot, A Kumar
    Biomedical Antenna Technology: Shaping the Future of Healthcare, 61-90 , 2025
    2025
  • Energy-Efficient Multiply-Accumulate Architecture Using Compressor Logic for FPGA-Based Systems
    G Sakthi, AN Tripathi, JB Padhy, I Singh, V Rajpoot
    2025 IEEE 3rd International Symposium on Sustainable Energy, Signal … , 2025
    2025

MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Micro strip patch antenna and its applications: a survey
    I Singh, VS Tripathi
    Int. J. Comp. Tech. Appl 2 (5), 1595-1599 , 2011
    2011
    Citations: 449
  • HDL-ACO hybrid deep learning and ant colony optimization for ocular optical coherence tomography image classification
    S Agarwal, AK Dohare, P Saxena, J Singh, I Singh, UK Sahu
    Scientific Reports 15, 8608 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 40
  • Mobility management in heterogeneous network of vehicular communication with 5g: Current status and future perspectives
    MJ Khan, RCS Chauhan, I Singh, Z Fatima, G Singh
    IEEE Access 12, 86271-86292 , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 28
  • Sideband power control in time-modulated antenna arrays for bidirectional harmonic beamforming and beam scanning
    A Chakraborty, I Singh, S Gupta, G Ram, D Mandal
    AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications 170, 154788 , 2023
    2023
    Citations: 28
  • Coverage and capacity analysis of relay-based device-to-device communications underlaid cellular networks
    I Singh, NP Singh
    Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal 21 (5), 834-842 , 2018
    2018
    Citations: 26
  • Gain and Isolation Improvement Techniques for MIMO Antenna: A Compendious Survey
    G Jayaraman, I Singh, DK Choudhary
    Results in Engineering, 104482 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 22
  • BER performance using BPSK modulation over Rayleigh and Rician fading channel
    MJ Khan, I Singh, S Tayal
    2022 IEEE 11th International Conference on Communication Systems and Network … , 2022
    2022
    Citations: 21
  • Exploring biomedical named entity recognition via SciSpaCy and BioBERT models
    A Jolly, V Pandey, I Singh, N Sharma
    The Open Biomedical Engineering Journal 18 (1) , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 17
  • Microstrip patch antenna for breast cancer tumour detection: a survey
    I Singh, VS Tripathi, S Tiwari
    International Journal of Signal and Imaging Systems Engineering 8 (4), 215-222 , 2015
    2015
    Citations: 15
  • Outage probability and ergodic channel capacity of underlay device-to-device communications over κ-μ shadowed fading channels
    I Singh, NP Singh
    Wireless Networks 26 (1), 573-582 , 2020
    2020
    Citations: 14
  • Inverted Z and circular slot patch antenna for WLAN and WiMAX
    P Ranjan, N Kishore, I Singh, VS Tripathi
    2012 2nd International Conference on power, control and embedded systems, 1-5 , 2012
    2012
    Citations: 14
  • A high-performance SPR biosensor for female reproductive hormone detection
    R Kumar, S Garia, S Joshi, A Pal, I Singh, UK Sahu
    IEEE Access , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 12
  • Outage probability of device-to-device communication underlaying cellular network over Nakagami/Rayleigh fading channels
    I Singh, RK Jaiswal, V Kumar, R Verma, NP Singh, G Singh
    2019 9th International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and … , 2019
    2019
    Citations: 11
  • Cooperative Power-Domain Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) in 5G Systems: Potentials and Challenges
    MJ Khan, I Singh
    5G and Beyond Wireless Networks, 13-36 , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 10
  • Hybrid cryptographic approach for strengthening IoT and 5G/B5G network security
    A Kumar, P Singh, DP Kamble, I Singh
    Scientific Reports 15 (1), 37971 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 9
  • A Compact Defected Ground Structure‐Based High Isolated Monopole MIMO Antenna for USB Band Mobile Satellite Services
    A Chakraborty, RS Saxena, I Singh, C Parmar, A Khatibi, N Prashar, ...
    International Journal of Communication Systems 38 (10), e70144 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 9
  • Outage probability and throughput of cooperative non‐orthogonal multiple access with moving relay in heterogeneous network
    MJ Khan, RCS Chauhan, I Singh
    Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies 33 (12), e4616 , 2022
    2022
    Citations: 9
  • Energy‐efficient multiple cooperative moving relay selection for heterogeneous nonorthogonal‐multiple access systems
    MJ Khan, RCS Chauhan, I Singh
    International Journal of Communication Systems, e5408 , 2022
    2022
    Citations: 9
  • Secrecy outage probability and strictly positive secrecy capacity of UAV assisted cooperative NOMA system with two untrusted destinations
    MJ Khan, S Ahmad, I Singh, UK Sahu
    Scientific Reports 15 (1), 8246 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 8
  • Multi-pattern synthesis in fourth-dimensional antenna arrays using BGM-based quasi-Newton memetic optimization method
    A Chakraborty, RS Saxena, A Verma, A Juyal, S Gupta, I Singh, G Ram, ...
    International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 16 (2), 284-294 , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 8