FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EZETIMIBE NANOPARTICLES FOR HYPERLIPIDEMIA TREATMENT Asmaa Abdelaziz Mohamed, Olla Maan, Firas Aziz Rahi, Doaa Zakaria Elkashif Sciencerise Pharmaceutical Science, 2026 The aim of the work. Ezetimibe (EZ) is categorized as a Biopharmaceutics Classification System class II (BCS II) agent that possesses poor solubility and is highly permeable. This work aimed to incorporate EZ into nanoparticles (NPs) to accelerate release and to enhance its bioavailability.Materials and Methods. A stability-indicating method for the computation of EZ was developed to compute EZ in NPs in fresh and stored samples. Nine formulations of EZ-NPs were developed by solvent evaporation using HPMC 6 cps, sodium alginate, and Tween 80 in various proportions. A HPLC method was designed to estimate EZ in NPs. EZ-NPs were tested chemically and characterized.Results. The developed method was fully validated, and EZ NPs comprising HPMC and tween 80 had zeta potential (ZP) ranging from -21.6 mV to -30.1 mV, higher than other formulae, and their release was enhanced. The formulation (HP4) had an elevated ZP (-30.1 mV) and released about 91% of EZ within 20 min. HP4 was chosen for stability assessment and proved to be stable.Conclusion. The formulation (HP4), including 0.1:0.5:0.4 ratios of the EZ: HPMC: sodium alginate, was the optimized EZ-NPs formulation. Microencapsulation of EZ with HPMC: sodium alginate in a 0.1:0.5:0.4 ratio could enhance the release and achieve stability
Formulation, characterization and evaluation of vildagliptin and metformin combined tablets Asmaa Abdelaziz Mohamed, Hiba Ezzat Hamed, Firas Aziz Rahi Pharmacia, 2024 The current study was conducted to formulate and assess combined vildagliptin (VD) and metformin hydrochloride (MET) tablets. The formulations were developed by wet granulation to overwhelm the reduced compressibility of MET powder. Polymers like Kollidon K30 and K90 were used to prepare formulations. Micromeritics characteristics of blends were assessed. Subsequently, the tablets that had been manufactured were assessed for post-compression characteristics. The composition formula F7 was optimal due to having the best hardness, friability and good dissolution.
In vitro Assessment of the Adsorption Efficacy of Activated Charcoal versus Kaolin on some used Medications of Narrow Index of Safety Asmaa Abdelaziz Mohamed, Firas Aziz Rahi, Amna F. Alberqdar, Teeba Abdellatif Aziz Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2024 The purpose of this study is to investigate the in vitro adsorption power of activated charcoal (AC), light kaolin (LK), and heavy kaolin (HK) at a concentration of 0.2% weight-per-volume (w/v) on high dosages (10 tablets) of a variety of medications that have a narrow safety index. This will be done by testing the adsorption capacity of the three types of kaolin at the same concentration. This list includes a variety of drugs, some of which are as follows: diazepam, metoclopramide, theophylline, digoxin, and diltiazem HCL. The test was done by dissolving the pharmaceuticals from their tablets in the presence of the adsorbents while using simulated gastric fluid as the medium. This was done in order to determine how well the medications would work in the stomach. This was done in order to ascertain whether or not the method in question was successful. In order to evaluate the efficacy of these adsorbents as antidotes to treat oral overdoses of these medicines and to determine the success of this process, the goal of this treatment was to find out whether or not this treatment was successful. Activated charcoal had the capability of virtually completely absorbing all of the drugs that were put through their paces. Diazepam, metoclopramide, digoxin, and theophylline were some of the medications that were involved. Diltiazem was another one of the medicines that were involved. Both the light and heavy versions of kaolin were only able to absorb a restricted quantity of the illicit substances. The other types of adsorbents that are utilized do not compare to the capabilities of activated charcoal when it comes to the absorption of chemicals.
Comparing the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Hope Therapy on Pain Anxiety and Self-Acceptance in Patients with Leukemia Frdoos Hameed Abow, Thabia Abdul Razak, Roua Abulkassim, Miaad Adnan, Ali Firas Aziz Rahi, et al. International Journal of Body Mind and Culture, 2023 Background: Leukemia is one of the most prevalent types of cancer that can also result in severe psychological damage. The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and hope therapy on pain anxiety and self-acceptance in patients with leukemia. Methods: The current study was a semi-experimental research with a pre-test and post-test design and the control group. The statistical population of the current study, which included 167 individuals, comprised all of the patients with leukemia who were sent to the Princess Noorah Oncology Center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, in the year 2020. Twenty individuals were divided into three groups using simple random sampling: the ACT group, the hope therapy group, and the control group. The Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS) developed by McCracken et al. to assess anxiety related specifically to pain was used throughout this study. We also used the Chamberlain and Haaga Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (USAQ) to measure unconditional self-acceptance levels. Using the SPSS software, a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to analyze the data. Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of pain anxiety in the ACT group decreased from 78.49 ± 6.83 in the pre-test to 53.67 ± 5.41 in the post-test (P < 0.001). In the hope therapy group, it decreased from 79.18 ± 6.32 in the pre-test to 66.46 ± 5.89 in the post-test (P < 0.001). The mean ± SD of self-acceptance in the ACT group increased from 62.39 ± 6.14 in the pre-test to 93.57 ± 7.64 in the post-test (P < 0.001); in the hope therapy group, it increased from 63.21 ± 6.32 in the pre-test to 89.72 ± 7.53 in the post-test (P < 0001), but the mean ± SD of both variables in the pre-test and post-test of the control group showed no significant difference. In addition, the Bonferroni post-hoc test revealed that the ACT approach had a stronger impact than the hope therapy (P < 0.01). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, patients with leukemia who participated in either ACT or hope therapy experienced a significant improvement in their ability to accept themselves and experience less anxiety and discomfort as a result of their treatment. However, the effects of ACT were greater than those of hope therapy.
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF LIPID MATRIX MICROENCAPSULATION FOR DRUG DELIVERY OF AZILSARTAN KAMEDOXOMIL Firas Aziz Rahi, Muath Sheet Mohammed Ameen, Krar Kadhim Mj Sciencerise Pharmaceutical Science, 2022 The aim of the work is to consolidate azilsartan-kamedoxomil (AZM) into lipid matrix controlled-release microparticles to enhance its permeability because AZM belongs to Biopharmaceutical classification (BCS) IV which characterized by poor permeability and to protect AZM from light and humidity and execute a prolonged release profile. Materials and methods. A reversed-phase HPLC method was created and validated to estimate the drug. AZM microparticles formulations were invented using melt dispersion technique and waxy materials such as carnuba wax, beeswax, stearic acid in the ratio of waxy-substance: drug ranging from 0.25: 1 to 1:1 and stabilizer namely; tween 80 and Poloxamer 407 in ratio of stabilizer: drug ranging from 0.5:1 to 1:1. Azilsartan formulations were assessed for azilsartan-medoxomil content, loading, entrapment efficiency, the zeta potential,the particle size, the morphology by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and in-vitro release profile. Results. Zeta potential results for microparticle formulations using beeswax and carnuba range from -21.1 mV to -26.6 mV and -20.6 mV to -26.7 mV, respectively. This difference indicates that the azilsartan microparticles containing stearic acid are better stabilized with zeta potential of 25.3 - 29.7 mV. Furthermore, the release from azilsartan microparticle formulations containing stearic acid exceeded 80 % after 8 h and remained for 24 h while release from beeswax did not exceed 65 % after the same period and less than 60 % in case of carnuba formulations Conclusions. The formulation (AZSP4) exhibited the highest zeta potential and released exceeding 80 % of AZM over the course of 8 hours and remained over a day. AZSP4 microparticles formulation containing, poloxamer 407, in a 0.8:0.8:1 drug: stearic acid: poloxamer ratio proved the ability of stearic acid microencapsulation employing poloxamer as stabilizer in a certain ratio can prolong the release of AZM
DEVELOPMENT OF CONTINUOUS ANTI-SOLVENT RECRYSTALLIZATION METHOD TO PRODUCE CEFTRIAXONE SODIUM NANO CRYSTALS INJECTION USING CERAMIC FILTRATION Firas Aziz Rahi, Krar Kadhim Mj Wiadomosci Lekarskie Warsaw Poland 1960, 2021 The aim: In this work we developed a method of continuous recrystallization to meet industrial requirements. Materials and methods: Continuous recrystallization method was investigated using porous ceramic filter for water purification with pour size less than 1 μm, that ensures high mixing rate of ethanol and water. Results and conclusions: The results of experiments using crystallization through ceramic filter, gives superior products in particle size, and produced needle shaped ceftriaxone crystals form, that showed significant improvement in dissolution time and obtained ceftriaxone sodium powder to be reconstituted in injectable formula that give clear solution without insoluble microparticles.
LINAGLIPTIN AND GLICLAZIDE DI-LOADED EXTENDED-RELEASE NANOPARTICLES: FORMULATION AND EVALUATION Firas Aziz Rahi, Muath Sheet Mohammed Ameen, Mohammed Shamil Fayyadh Wiadomosci Lekarskie Warsaw Poland 1960, 2021 The aim: This work aimed to formulate gliclazide and linagliptin extended-release nanoparticles. Materials and methods: A HPLC method was developed and validated to determine gliclazide and linagliptin at the same time without interference. The nanoparticles were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation using two polymers, namely hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) 4000 cps and xanthan gum. Results: Nanoparticles prepared were characterized for drug contents, production yield and entrapment efficiency, zeta potential, particle size, morphology by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) and in-vitro release rate. The formulae GLH1, GLX1 and GHX1 showed release of linagliptin more than 75% after 8 hrs. While the only formula among the three (GHX1) showed release of gliclazide more than 80% after 8 h. So, the formula GHX1 showed acceptable release of more than 80% of both gliclazide and linagliptin after 8 h. Conclusions: The formula GHX1 which containing (0.5:1 xanthan gum: drugs) was the best nanoparticles formula which released more than 80% of both drugs after 8 h and could achieve good extended release over 24 h.
Potentially inappropriate medications use in a population of iraqi geriatric outpatients according to beers criteria Ola Albaghdadi, Salam , Mohammad Hassan Morteza, Firas A Ahjel, Mohammad Hassan Morteza, Firas Aziz Rahi International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, 2019 Aims: Elderly in Iraq kept suffering multiple burdens, as they are a truly fragile and vulnerable segment. A major public health issue among elderly is adverse drug reactions. This study is aimed at contributing in overcoming this treatment gap by determining the prevalence of inappropriate medications used by a group of Iraqi elderly outpatients. Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted in a sample of 85 Iraqi elderly aged ≥65 years of either gender. Participants had face-to-face interviews to answer a comprehensive questionnaire. Each drug taken by the patient was evaluated according to Beers criteria. Results: Females constituted 45.9% of the total. The average age was 69.9 years (± 4.6). Nearly 30% of the patients had 3 different diseases, and 17.8% had ≥4 different ones, with cardiovascular diseases were the most prevalent. Polypharmacy was notably identified in 47.1% of the total studied population. Twenty-eight out of 85 patients did not know the actual reason of taking at least one of their medications, and 42% were not taking their drugs as directed. Remarkably, 43.5% of patients were recognized as taking at least one medication to be avoided in elderly people according to the Beers criteria. The most common inappropriate drugs were glyburide, and proton-pump inhibitors. Conclusion: There was an obvious absence of any role of pharmacists in the health care system for our studied population. Health care professionals are encouraged to review the medications prescribed for geriatric patients using updated safety guidelines to prevent the risks associated with potentially inappropriate medications.
Preparation and characterization of domperidone nanoparticles for dissolution improvement Mohammed Sabar Al-lami, Malath H. Oudah, Firas A. Rahi Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2018 This study was carried out to prepare and characterize domperidone nanoparticles to enhance solubility and the release rate. Domperidone is practically insoluble in water and has low and an erratic bioavailability range from 13%-17%. The domperidone nanoparticles were prepared by solvent/antisolvent precipitation method at different polymer:drug ratios of 1:1 and 2:1 using different polymers and grades of poly vinyl pyrolidone, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as stabilizers. The effect of polymer type, ratio of polymer:drug, solvent:antisolvent ratio, stirring rate and stirring time on the particle size, were investigated and found to have a significant (p? 0.05) effect on particle size. The best formula was obtained with lowest average particle size of 84.05. This formula was studied for compatibility by FTIR and DSC, surface morphology by FESEM and crystalline state by XRPD. Then domperidone nanoparticles were formulated into a simple capsule dosage form in order to study of the in vitro release of drug from nanoparticles in comparison raw drug and mixture of polymer:drug ratios of 2:1. The release of domperidone from best formula was highly improved with a significant (p? 0.05) increase.
In vivo and in vitro studies of a polar extract of Helianthus annuus (sunflower) seeds in treatment of napkin dermatitis International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 2014
