Geology, Archeology, Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management, Multidisciplinary
26
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Early stages of Palaeolithic rock art in southern Iberia. Malaga area Pedro Cantalejo Duartea, Luis-Efrén Fernández Rodríguez, Hipólito Collado Giraldo, Gerd-Christian Weniger, María del Mar Espejo Herrerías, et al. Complutum, 2025 En este trabajo proponemos un registro de cuevas del sur de Iberia que presentan manifestaciones gráficas paleolíticas compuestas por una variedad de signos, predominantemente digitaciones y puntuaciones, trazos, proyecciones de pigmentos sobre formaciones geológicas, o marcas de color aplicadas sobre la superficie o los bordes de espeleotemas. Se han agrupado bajo el concepto de horizonte anicónico. Las dataciones de series de uranio de la Cueva de Ardales han confirmado la notable antigüedad de algunas de estas manifestaciones. Presentamos las cuevas malagueñas que muestran evidencias de estas representaciones gráficas. Aportamos datos sobre la técnica empleada en los procesos de análisis arqueométrico llevados a cabo dentro del proyecto First Art, y discutimos y evaluamos su marco cronológico y cultural en relación con las sociedades paleolíticas de la región.
Autochthonous or Allochthonous, the Prehistoric Pottery of Cueva de Los Postes Virginia Lattao, Sara Garcês, Hugo Gomes, Pierluigi Rosina, Hipólito Collado Applied Sciences Switzerland, 2024 Cueva de Los Postes is located in the southern part of the Spanish Extremadura region, in the Fuentes de León municipality. This study analyzed pottery found during archaeological excavations in Cueva de Los Postes. The aim was to determine whether the raw materials had common or separate origins and determine whether or not the origin of the pottery raw material was regional. In this regard, several pottery fragments were found in different phases (Neolithic and Copper Age) of the Holocene occupation of Cueva de Los Postes. These were analyzed using ATR-FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy). The analyzed samples demonstrated no strong differences in their composition. In order to identify a possible origin for the kaolinite of the analyzed pottery, six samples of clay sediments were taken from inside and around the cave and subjected to ATR-FTIR. This was done to compare their compositions and check for a possible correlation with the pottery. The analyzed pottery, from different stratigraphic units, shows homogeneity in raw material. This finding, and the analyses made of the regional sediments, confirm that the raw material was regional and that there was a continuous use of it.
Archeometrical Characterization of Rock Art Pigments from Puerto Roque Open-Air Rock Art Shelter (Valencia De Alcantara, Extremadura, Spain) Hugo Gomes, Hipólito Collado, Sara Garcês, Virginia Lattao, Maria Nicoli, et al. Heritage, 2024 The study seeks to unravel the intricate operational sequence involved in preparing prehistoric pigments for rock art within the Puerto Roque rock art shelter. Sixteen pigment samples were meticulously collected from specific figurative representations. Additionally, three ochre samples were sourced from the shelter’s soil. Employing a comprehensive multi-analytical approach, including Raman microspectroscopy, X-ray microfluorescence (EDxrf), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS), all nineteen samples underwent thorough analysis. Notably, darker pigments revealed a composition of hematite with the added presence of carbon. Meanwhile, one sample exhibited an orange hue primarily composed of goethite and bright red pigments predominantly characterised by hematite, as confirmed by Raman analysis. EDxrf analysis demonstrated an elemental composition akin to the three ochre pieces examined. Furthermore, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy suggested the potential influence of a heating process in enhancing red coloration, corroborated by spectral results from specific samples. This finding aligns with prior research, underscoring the technological sophistication embedded in early artistic endeavours.
A multi-analytical evaluation of the depositional pattern on open-air rock art panels at “Abrigo del Lince” (Badajoz, Spain) Maria Nicoli, Negar Eftekhari, Carmela Vaccaro, Hipólito Collado Giraldo, Sara Garcês, et al. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2023 Microscopic observation correlated with chemical–mineralogical characterization was performed on pigment samples from “Abrigo del Lince” rock art site (V-IV millennium BC), in order to provide contributions to the study of prehistoric schematic art on granite in the province of Badajoz (Spain). The research objectives include the understanding of technological and cultural aspects, as well as of conservation and deterioration issues related to the pictographs. The multi-analytical approach encompasses the integration of microscopic observation, SEM–EDS analysis, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and ATR-FTIR and allowed to achieve a multispectral overview of the samples and to describe their varied composition and the alteration pattern which connects them. The main phases overlying the granitic bedrock and involved in this sequence are as follows: hematite, whewellite, and gypsum. While hematite could be stratigraphically considered the most ancient layer and assigned to the use of red ochre as a pigment, whewellite and gypsum are the main constituent of the alteration layer which forms a patina over the pictographs, due to weathering processes. Finally, the role of biofilms in rock art conservation is discussed, suggesting that, especially for what concern thin and homogenous layers of oxalates, their presence should not be necessarily considered an issue.
Revisiting education and training programs: Geoarchaeology as a driver of interdisciplinary reasoning Luiz Oosterbeek, Opeyemi L. Adewumi, Pierluigi Rosina, Hugo Gomes, Pedro Cura, et al. Frontiers in Earth Science, 2022 A core problem of contemporary society is rooted in the educational system and the divides created between the humanities and sciences that have prevented integrated reasoning. This problem affects society at large and has severely impacted the mindset of leadership, precluding in-depth debates involving citizens that lack an understanding of the basic notions and concepts that drive other agencies. Thus, the Lisbon Declaration, approved at the European Humanities Conference based on proposals by UNESCO, CIPSH, and FCT, calls for the integrated teaching of humanities and sciences units at all levels of education, including the doctoral level. This chapter discusses the potential contribution of geoarchaeology towards that aim, as this discipline sits at the heart of the humanities-sciences interaction, thus bridging science methods with human behavior. Geoarchaeology is one of the most important archaeological research methods that offers unprecedented levels of integration between disciplines and geoarchaeological research. It is a good example of how geosciences can contribute towards re-thinking education, in terms of research-based education: learning to research, learning that research on the earth and humans is by nature interdisciplinary, learning to design answerable questions, learning to frame scientific analysis within wider meanings and prospects, and fostering an understanding of the truth and the criteria for truth. This topic is a unique bridge between both human and earth sciences and between science and human behavior, which play pivotal roles in communicating and educating about sustainability. The multidisciplinary dimensions of geoarchaeological approaches have encouraged continuous development and innovation of methods and approaches that have provided new possibilities for explorations in geosciences, research on earth and humans, learning to design answerable questions, and fostering an understanding of truth and the criteria for truth. This text discusses two examples: pigment analysis and micromorphology. Pigment analysis relates scientific methods with rock and mobile art, and also involves experimentation in the making of the art itself, which is a powerful didactic tool, thus linking science with daily observed realities and related cultural traits. Micromorphology is a geoarchaeological methodology currently applied to research, which provides a unique insight into the interdisciplinarity and multidisciplinary relationships associated with humans and society. Despite the complexity of this approach, it provides easily understood information on various segments of society; e.g., soil formation, thus making it one of the most effective tools in the Earth Sciences sector contributing to sustainability and related to daily behavior practices.
DATING PRE-HISTORIC PAINTED FIGURES FROM THE SERRA DA CAPIVARA NATIONAL PARK, PIAUÍ, BRAZIL Rock Art Research, 2022
Prehistory of central Portugal: Brief panoramic of rock art and archaeometry studies Indigenous Heritage and Rock Art Worldwide Research in Memory of Daniel Arsenault, 2021
