Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain

@uobasrah.edu.iq

Computer Science Department / College of Education for Pure Sciences
University of Basrah

Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain


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https://researchid.co/hussain2020

EDUCATION

Ph.D in Computer Engineer / Network Security

RESEARCH INTERESTS

Network Security
Cloud security
Networking
Data Security
Web
47

Scopus Publications

742

Scholar Citations

17

Scholar h-index

21

Scholar i10-index

Scopus Publications

  • Blockchain-Based Lightweight Anonymous Authentication Scheme for Security Enhancement in Internet of Medical Things Environment
    Human Centric Computing and Information Sciences, 2026
  • Vehicular ad hoc networks verification scheme based on bilinear pairings and networks reverse fuzzy extraction
    Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi, Ahmed Ali Ahmed, Junchao Ma, Mustafa A. Al Sibahee, et al.
    Scientific Reports, 2025
  • Uniform Resource Locator Protection Scheme for the Mitigation of Man-In-The-Middle Stripping Attacks
    Duaa Sameer Zhraw, Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain, Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi, Ali Hasan Ali, et al.
    Mesopotamian Journal of Big Data, 2025
    Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attacks reduce Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) to Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), compromising network communications to potential exploitation. Attackers exploit application-layer vulnerabilities, and the attack often occurs on LAN. This study addresses the problem by introducing a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) protection mechanism that combines encryption with secure key exchange. A browser built with Python and PyQt5 encrypts URLs before transmission. The router decrypts, processes, re-encrypts, and returns data securely. The Diffie–Hellman algorithm generates a new session key for each connection, and the Advanced Encryption Standard with Galois Counter Mode (AES-GCM) technique to encrypt. The system was tested in a VMware host-only environment under four scenarios: normal use, active attacker, system-only, and active attacker with the system enabled. Packet capture and timing analysis evaluated security and performance. The scheme achieved a 100% prevention rate against HTTPS downgrades. Intercepted traffic appeared as unreadable ciphertext. Average execution time increased from 0.05 seconds to 0.11 seconds due to encryption, but it did not affect stability. This research improves application-layer security independently and offers a concrete defense against MITM stripping attacks. In conclusion, the proposed methodology provides a pragmatic and effective strategy for protecting URL traffic in vulnerable local network environments.
  • Chronological Review of MITM Attacks: Challenges, Solutions and Recommendations
    Duaa Sameer Zhraw, Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain, Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi, Abdulla J. Y. Aldarwish
    Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 2025
  • Implementing Blockchain for Enhancing Security and Authentication in Iraqi E-Government Services
    Huda Kamil Abdali, Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain, Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi
    Engineering Technology and Applied Science Research, 2024
    E-Government is used to provide various services to citizens via an online portal and is currently available in many countries. Current e-government technology is supported by an extensive, centrally controlled database and a collection of applications linked to it through web interfaces. However, e-government depends too much on centralization. E-government services store sensitive data about citizens, making them particularly vulnerable to cyberattacks, data breaches, and access control. Therefore, alternative techniques should be developed to protect sensitive data and ensure secure storage in e-government platforms. This study proposes a safe and distributed electronic system for e-government based on blockchain technology to protect sensitive data from breaches. This system uses advanced encryption methods, including Lightweight Encryption Device (LED) and Elliptic-Curve Cryptography (ECC), to protect transmitted data. The proposed system employs a two-layer encryption approach to secure user data. The first layer utilizes the LED algorithm with a randomly generated key, and the second employs the ECC algorithm with a public key obtained from the blockchain server to enhance user data security and privacy. The proposed system allows data to be disseminated across many networks, retrieves and synchronizes data in case of unauthorized changes, and restores them to their original form. Experimental results showed that the proposed system takes an average of 0.05 seconds to complete the login process for five successful login attempts, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed approach in the execution of login procedures. The effectiveness of this system in resisting different attack types was verified through formal and informal security analyses and simulations based on the Scyther tool.
  • Secure and Fast Remote Application-Based Authentication Dragonfly Using an LED Algorithm in Smart Buildings
    Batool Mohammed Radhi, Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain, Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi
    6th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Information and Communication Icaiic 2024, 2024
    The proliferation of the internet of things (IoT) has led to the emergence of a wide range of intelligent devices, creating a broad domain with significant security concerns. These concerns impose a high level of security; unfortunately, IoT devices usually have limited resources in terms of little memory, low computing power, and a short battery life. Therefore, IoT application developers must use lightweight cryptographic tools to achieve a trade-off between performance and security. The storage and high computation capacity of cloud computing is often exploited to manage the vast amount of data produced by such gadgets. Some methods still suffer from attacks, and others cannot achieve low complexity. We propose a secure and low-complexity system for smart buildings in transferring data between the local server, the cloud, and users authorized by the owner. The LED encryption algorithm, which is lightweight and requires limited resources and less energy, was used to create a mobile application system characterized by confidentiality, authentication, and privacy. For further security, the owner's biometrics were used and derived as the key to decrypt data from the cloud. We have leveraged Dragonfly authentication technology to transfer data from the local server to the users. The owner can add authorized persons in the cloud database and local server to enjoy using the application. Moreover, we successfully balance security complexity and performance in our work. As a result, we achieve good results with a computation cost of 0.281 s and a communication cost of 1472 $bit$.
  • A Review on IoTs Applications and Security Threats via Data Transfer over Networks
    Batool Mohammed Radhi, Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain, Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi, Abdulla J. Y. Aldarwish
    Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 2024
  • Comprehensive Challenges to E-government in Iraq
    Huda Kamil Abdali, Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain, Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi, Abdulla J. Y. Aldarwish
    Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 2024
  • An Effective Approach to Detect and Prevent ARP Spoofing Attacks on WLAN
    Hiba Nasser, Mohammed Hussain
    Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2023
    Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is used to resolve a host’s MAC address, given its IP address. ARP is stateless, as there is no authentication when exchanging a MAC address between the hosts. Hacking tactics using ARP spoofing are constantly being abused differently; many previous studies have prevented such attacks. However, prevention requires modification of the underlying network protocol or additional expensive equipment, so applying these methods to the existing network can be challenging. In this paper, we examine the limitations of previous research in preventing ARP spoofing. In addition, we propose a defense mechanism that does not require network protocol changes or expensive equipment. Before sending or receiving a packet to or from any device on the network, our method checks the MAC and IP addresses to ensure they are correct. It protects users from ARP spoofing. The findings demonstrate that the proposed method is secure, efficient, and very efficient against various threat scenarios. It also makes authentication safe and easy and ensures data and users’ privacy, integrity, and anonymity through strong encryption techniques.
  • Content-Based Image Retrieval using Hard Voting Ensemble Method of Inception, Xception, and Mobilenet Architectures
    Meqdam Mohammed, Zakariya Oraibi, Mohammed Hussain
    Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2023
    Advancements in internet accessibility and the affordability of digital picture sensors have led to the proliferation of extensive image databases utilized across a multitude of applications. Addressing the semantic gap between low-level attributes and human visual perception has become pivotal in refining Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) methodologies, especially within this context. As this field is intensely researched, numerous efficient algorithms for CBIR systems have surfaced, precipitating significant progress in the artificial intelligence field. In this study, we propose employing a hard voting ensemble approach on features derived from three robust deep learning architectures: Inception, Exception, and Mobilenet. This is aimed at bridging the divide between low-level image features and human visual perception. The Euclidean method is adopted to determine the similarity metric between the query image and the features database. The outcome was a noticeable improvement in image retrieval accuracy. We applied our approach to a practical dataset named CBIR 50, which encompasses categories such as mobile phones, cars, cameras, and cats. The effectiveness of our method was thereby validated. Our approach outshone existing CBIR algorithms with superior accuracy (ACC), precision (PREC), recall (REC), and F1-score (F1-S), proving to be a noteworthy addition to the field of CBIR. Our proposed methodology could be potentially extended to various other sectors, including medical imaging and surveillance systems, where image retrieval accuracy is of paramount importance.
  • Elliptic Curve Cryptography-Based Scheme for Secure Signaling and Data Exchanges in Precision Agriculture
    Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi, Hend Muslim Jasim, Junchao Ma, Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain, et al.
    Sustainability Switzerland, 2023
  • Content based Image Retrieval using Fine-tuned Deep Features with Transfer Learning
    Meqdam A. Mohammed, Zakariya A. Oraibi, Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain
    Proceeding 2023 2nd International Conference on Computer System Information Technology and Electrical Engineering Sustainable Development for Smart Innovation System Cosite 2023, 2023
  • Forward and Backward Key Secrecy Preservation Scheme for Medical Internet of Things
    Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi, Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Keyan Abdul-Aziz Mutlaq, Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain, Zaid Alaa Hussien
    Smart Innovation Systems and Technologies, 2023
  • Enhanced PSO Algorithm for Detecting DRDoS Attacks on LDAP Servers
    International Journal of Intelligent Engineering and Systems, 2023
  • Lightweight Integrity Preserving Scheme for Secure Data Exchange in Cloud-Based IoT Systems
    Zaid Alaa Hussien, Husam A. Abdulmalik, Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain, Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi, Junchao Ma, et al.
    Applied Sciences Switzerland, 2023
  • Provably throttling SQLI using an enciphering query and secure matching
    Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain, Zaid Alaa Hussien, Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Junchao Ma, Mustafa A. Al Sibahee, et al.
    Egyptian Informatics Journal, 2022
  • Provably curb man-in-the-middle attack-based ARP spoofing in a local network
    Hiba Imad Nasser, Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain
    Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 2022
  • Server Side Method to Detect and Prevent Stored XSS Attack
    Iman Khazal, Mohammed Hussain
    Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2021
  • Securing audio transmission based on encoding and steganography
    Enas Wahab Abood, Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Mustafa A. Al Sibahee, Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain, Zaid Alaa Hussien
    Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2021
  • Web application database protection from SQLIA using permutation encoding
    Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain, Salah H. Abbdal Refish, Mustafa S. Khalefa, Sarah Abdulridha Hussain, Zaid Alaa Hussien, et al.
    ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 2021
  • Provably Secure Session Key Agreement Protocol for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Packet Exchanges
    Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi, Ayad Ibrahim, Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain, Mustafa A. Al Sibahee, et al.
    International Conference on Electrical Computer and Energy Technologies Icecet 2021, 2021
  • Promising Bio-Authentication Scheme to Protect Documents for E2E S2S in IoT-Cloud
    Mustafa A. Al Sibahee, Songfeng Lu, Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Erasmus Xin Liu, Yanli Ran, et al.
    Icspcc 2020 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing Communications and Computing Proceedings, 2020
  • Lightweight Secure Message Delivery for E2E S2S Communication in the IoT-Cloud System
    Mustafa A. Al Sibahee, Songfeng Lu, Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Xin Liu, Hemn Barzan Abdalla, et al.
    IEEE Access, 2020
  • EEIRI: Efficient encrypted image retrieval in IoT-cloud
    Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, A. Ibrahim, M. Hussain, Zaid Alaa Hussien, M. A. A. Sibahee, et al.
    Ksii Transactions on Internet and Information Systems, 2019
  • An efficient and secure scheme for dynamic shared data in cloud
    Zaid Alaa Hussien, Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar, Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain, Mustafa A. Al Sibahee, Songfeng Lu, et al.
    ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 2019

RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Uniform Resource Locator Protection Scheme for the Mitigation of Man-In-The-Middle Stripping Attacks
    DS Zhraw, MA Hussain, ZA Abduljabbar, VO Nyangaresi, AH Ali, ...
    Mesopotamian Journal of Big Data 2025, 329-349 , 2025
    2025
  • Vehicular ad hoc networks verification scheme based on bilinear pairings and networks reverse fuzzy extraction
    ZA Abduljabbar, VO Nyangaresi, AA Ahmed, J Ma, MA Al Sibahee, ...
    Scientific Reports 15 (1), 29225 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 7
  • Chronological Review of MITM Attacks: Challenges, Solutions and Recommendations
    DS Zhraw, MA Hussain, ZA Abduljabbar, VO Nyangaresi, AJY Aldarwish
    Computer Science On-line Conference, 202-220 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 3
  • Implementing Blockchain for Enhancing Security and Authentication in Iraqi E-Government Services
    HK Abdali, MA Hussain, ZA Abduljabbar, VO Nyangaresi
    Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 14 (6), 18222-18233 , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 9
  • A Review on IoTs Applications and Security Threats via Data Transfer over Networks
    BM Radhi, MA Hussain, ZA Abduljabbar, VO Nyangaresi, AJY Aldarwish
    Computer Science On-line Conference, 562-579 , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 3
  • Comprehensive Challenges to E-government in Iraq
    HK Abdali, MA Hussain, ZA Abduljabbar, VO Nyangaresi, AJY Aldarwish
    Computer Science On-line Conference, 639-657 , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 7
  • Secure and Fast Remote Application–Based Authentication Dragonfly Using an LED Algorithm in Smart Buildings
    BM Radhi, MA Hussain, ZA Abduljabbar, VO Nyangaresi
    2024 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Information and … , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 6
  • Secure content based image retrieval system using deep learning
    MA Mohammed, MA Hussain, ZA Oraibi, ZA Abduljabbar, VO Nyangaresi
    Journal of Basrah Research Sciences 49 (2), 94-111 , 2023
    2023
    Citations: 17
  • Smart Building Security using ESP32 based AES One Bio-key and Owner's Biometrics Encryption Technology
    BM Radhi, MA Hussain
    Journal of Basrah Research Sciences 49 (2), 30-47 , 2023
    2023
    Citations: 5
  • content-based image retrieval using hard voting ensemble method of inception, Xception, and Mobilenet architectures
    MA Mohammed, ZA Oraibi, MA Hussain
    Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 19 (2), 145-157 , 2023
    2023
    Citations: 2
  • Content based Image Retrieval using Fine-tuned Deep Features with Transfer Learning
    MA Mohammed, ZA Oraibi, MA Hussain
    2023 2nd International Conference on Computer System, Information Technology … , 2023
    2023
    Citations: 5
  • Elliptic curve cryptography-based scheme for secure signaling and data exchanges in precision agriculture
    ZA Abduljabbar, VO Nyangaresi, HM Jasim, J Ma, MA Hussain, ...
    Sustainability 15 (13), 10264 , 2023
    2023
    Citations: 50
  • An effective approach to detect and prevent ARP spoofing attacks on WLAN
    HI Nasser, MA Hussain
    Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 19 (2), 8-17 , 2023
    2023
    Citations: 5
  • Lightweight Integrity Preserving Scheme for Secure Data Exchange in Cloud-Based IoT Systems
    ZA Hussien, HA Abdulmalik, MA Hussain, VO Nyangaresi, J Ma, ...
    Applied Sciences 13 (2), 691 , 2023
    2023
    Citations: 57
  • Defending a wireless LAN against ARP spoofing attacks using a Raspberry Pi
    HI Nasser, MA Hussain
    Journal of Basrah Research Sciences 48 (2), 123-135 , 2022
    2022
    Citations: 2
  • Provably throttling SQLI using an enciphering query and secure matching
    MA Hussain, ZA Hussien, ZA Abduljabbar, J Ma, MA Al Sibahee, ...
    Egyptian Informatics Journal 23 (4), 145-162 , 2022
    2022
    Citations: 27
  • Forward and Backward Key Secrecy
    VO Nyangaresi, ZA Abduljabbar, KAA Mutlaq, MA Hussain
    Human-Centric Smart Computing: Proceedings of ICHCSC 2022, 15 , 2022
    2022
  • Forward and Backward Key Secrecy Preservation Scheme for Medical Internet of Things
    VO Nyangaresi, ZA Abduljabbar, KAA Mutlaq, MA Hussain, ZA Hussien
    Human-Centric Smart Computing: Proceedings of ICHCSC 2022, 15-29 , 2022
    2022
    Citations: 7
  • Provably curb man-in-the-middle attack-based ARP spoofing in a local network
    HI Nasser, MA Hussain
    Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11 (4), 2280-2291 , 2022
    2022
    Citations: 30
  • Provably Secure Session Key Agreement Protocol for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Packet Exchanges
    VO Nyangaresi, A Ibrahim, ZA Abduljabbar, MA Hussain, MA Al Sibahee, ...
    2021 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy … , 2021
    2021
    Citations: 34

MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Lightweight Integrity Preserving Scheme for Secure Data Exchange in Cloud-Based IoT Systems
    ZA Hussien, HA Abdulmalik, MA Hussain, VO Nyangaresi, J Ma, ...
    Applied Sciences 13 (2), 691 , 2023
    2023
    Citations: 57
  • Elliptic curve cryptography-based scheme for secure signaling and data exchanges in precision agriculture
    ZA Abduljabbar, VO Nyangaresi, HM Jasim, J Ma, MA Hussain, ...
    Sustainability 15 (13), 10264 , 2023
    2023
    Citations: 50
  • Efficient encrypted image retrieval in IoT-cloud with multi-user authentication
    MA Al Sibahee, S Lu, ZA Abduljabbar, A Ibrahim, ZA Hussien, KAA Mutlaq, ...
    International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 14 (2), 1550147718761814 , 2018
    2018
    Citations: 42
  • DNS Protection against Spoofing and Poisoning Attacks
    MA Hussain, H Jin, ZA Hussien, ZA Abduljabbar, SH Abbdal, A Ibrahim
    2016 3rd International Conference on Information Science and Control … , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 39
  • Lightweight Secure Message Delivery for E2E S2S Communication in the IoT-Cloud System
    MA Al Sibahee, S Lu, ZA Abduljabbar, X Liu, HB Abdalla, MA Hussain, ...
    IEEE Access 8, 218331-218347 , 2020
    2020
    Citations: 36
  • LEACH-T: LEACH Clustering Protocol Based on Three Layers
    MA Al Sibahee, S Lu, MZ Masoud, ZA Hussien, MA Hussain, ...
    2016 International Conference on Network and Information Systems for … , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 35
  • Provably Secure Session Key Agreement Protocol for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Packet Exchanges
    VO Nyangaresi, A Ibrahim, ZA Abduljabbar, MA Hussain, MA Al Sibahee, ...
    2021 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy … , 2021
    2021
    Citations: 34
  • Provably curb man-in-the-middle attack-based ARP spoofing in a local network
    HI Nasser, MA Hussain
    Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11 (4), 2280-2291 , 2022
    2022
    Citations: 30
  • The Best Performance Evaluation of Encryption Algorithms to Reduce Power Consumption in WSN
    MA Al Sibahee, S Lu, ZA Hussien, MA Hussain, KAA Mutlaq, ...
    2017 International Conference on Computing Intelligence and Information … , 2017
    2017
    Citations: 30
  • Privacy-preserving image retrieval in IoT-cloud
    ZA Abduljabbar, H Jin, A Ibrahim, ZA Hussien, MA Hussain, SH Abbdal, ...
    2016 IEEE Trustcom/BigDataSE/ISPA, 799-806 , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 29
  • Secure and efficient e-health scheme based on the Internet of Things
    ZA Hussien, H Jin, ZA Abduljabbar, MA Hussain, AA Yassin, SH Abbdal, ...
    2016 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and … , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 29
  • Provably throttling SQLI using an enciphering query and secure matching
    MA Hussain, ZA Hussien, ZA Abduljabbar, J Ma, MA Al Sibahee, ...
    Egyptian Informatics Journal 23 (4), 145-162 , 2022
    2022
    Citations: 27
  • SEPIM: Secure and Efficient Private Image Matching
    ZA Abduljabbar, H Jin, A Ibrahim, ZA Hussien, MA Hussain, SH Abbdal, ...
    Applied Sciences 6 (8), 213 , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 27
  • EEIRI: Efficient Encrypted Image Retrieval in IoT-Cloud
    ZA Abduljabbar, A Ibrahim, MA Hussain, ZA Hussien, MA Al Sibahee, ...
    KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS) 13 (11), 5692-5716 , 2019
    2019
    Citations: 23
  • Secure biometric image retrieval in IoT-cloud
    ZA Abduljabbar, H Jin, A Ibrahim, ZA Hussien, MA Hussain, SH Abbdal, ...
    2016 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and … , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 23
  • Server side method to detect and prevent stored XSS attack
    IF Khazal, MA Hussain
    Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 17 (2), 58-65 , 2021
    2021
    Citations: 20
  • Public auditing for secure data storage in cloud through a third party auditor using modern ciphertext
    ZA Hussien, H Jin, ZA Abduljabbar, AA Yassin, MA Hussain, SH Abbdal, ...
    2015 11th International Conference on Information Assurance and Security … , 2015
    2015
    Citations: 18
  • Secure content based image retrieval system using deep learning
    MA Mohammed, MA Hussain, ZA Oraibi, ZA Abduljabbar, VO Nyangaresi
    Journal of Basrah Research Sciences 49 (2), 94-111 , 2023
    2023
    Citations: 17
  • Securing audio transmission based on encoding and steganography
    EW Abood, ZA Abduljabbar, MA Al Sibahee, MA Hussain, ZA Hussien
    Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 22 (3 … , 2021
    2021
    Citations: 17
  • Scheme for ensuring data security on cloud data storage in a semi-trusted third party auditor
    ZA Hussien, H Jin, ZA Abduljabbar, MA Hussain, SH Abbdal, D Zou
    2015 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Network Technology … , 2015
    2015
    Citations: 13