Effect of core-shoulder stability exercises on shoulder performance among throwers with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit Deepak Manral, Jasobanta Sethi, Ankit Jain, Vimal Sharma Journal of Medical Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences, 2023 The study aimed to find out the effect of core-shoulder stability exercises on shoulder performance among throwers with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD). Out of Forty-two athletes who participated, 30 subjects were selected who fulfilled the selection criteria and were randomized into 2 groups with 15 subjects in each group. Throwing accuracy (functional throwing performance index), throwing distance (overall medicine throw test), and shoulder range of motion were assessed and recorded at baseline, 3rd week, and 6th week of intervention. The control group received shoulder stability exercises while the study group received core-shoulder stability exercises 4 days per week for 6 consecutive weeks. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to see the difference between groups (groups 1 and 2) and time (baseline,3rd week, and 6th week ) Averaged across times statistically significant improvement was found in overhead medicine ball throw in the study group (Group 2) as compared to the control group with p<0.05. No significant difference was found in the functional throwing performance index and range of motion when groups were compared across times. However, for all the outcome measures when compared across groups, a significant difference was found between 6th and 3rd-week scores as compared to baseline scores. This indicates improvements were seen in both groups independently. We conclude that core stability and shoulder stability training both improve the range of motion with throwing accuracy and distance. Core stability training improves throwing distance compared to shoulder stability training in subjects with GIRD.
Role of structured exercise programs in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review Anu Bansal, Jasobanta Sethi, Raju K. Parasher Physical Therapy Reviews, 2023 Background Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder affecting up to 10% of women of reproductive age. Several pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions are used to manage symptoms in women with PCOS.Objective The objective of this review was to identify and discuss evidence pertaining specifically to the benefits of structured exercise programs on clinical features and biomarkers relevant to PCOS.Methods Potential studies published between 2000 and 2019 were identified by systematically searching PubMed, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL by using key concepts of PCOS. The PEDro scale was used to evaluate studies’ strength of evidence.Result Thirteen manuscripts of moderate to strong quality were identified. All studies involved structured exercise regimes lasting from 8 weeks to 24 weeks duration with variable frequency (2–5 sessions per week) and duration (25–60 min). Most of the studies reported improvements in menstrual cyclicity, Ferriman-Gallwey scores, testosterone, DHEA-S, sex hormone binding globulin levels and free androgen index scores.Conclusion Structured well-defined aerobic and resistance training protocols, independently or in combination with diet control, that lasted for at least 12 weeks led to improvements in a number of clinical parameters and biomarkers related to PCOS.
Relationship between Clinico-Socio-Demographic Factors and Psychology of Women Diagnosed with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Anu Bansal, Jasobanta Sethi, Raju K Parasher, Manisha Tomar Universal Journal of Public Health, 2023 Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder affecting up to 22.5% of women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS experience high rates of depression and anxiety. Settings and Design: Cross sectional study design. Objective: Primary objective of study was to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among women with PCOS. Secondary objective was to analyze association of psychological factors (depression, anxiety and stress) with sociodemographic factors and clinical aspects among Indian women with PCOS. Methods: One hundred and four women in the reproductive age group (18–45 years) diagnosed with PCOS as per Rotterdam criteria, without any pre-existing psychiatric illness were interviewed for depression, anxiety and stress using DASS21 scale. Result: Out of 104 women with PCOS 46.16% suffered from mild to moderate levels of depression, 64.42% experienced (mild to extremely severe) anxiety while 53.85% reported varying degrees of stress. Women with higher BMI (overweight and obese), hirsutism scores and having acne were more susceptible to being depressed. The odds ratio for women experiencing depression were as follows: hirsutism scores was 1.113, being overweight, 5.023 (1.359 to 18.566), being obese was 3.298 (1.167 to 9.314), and having acne was 3.29 (1.267 to 8.541). Conclusion: It is observed a large percentage of women with PCOS suffer from psychological factors such as depression, anxiety and stress. Also, BMI, hirsutism and acne were found to be significant contributors to depression among women with PCOS. It is suggested that clinicians and healthcare practitioners develop and utilize a comprehensive approach in the management of PCOS based on biopsychosocial model of health.
Quantification of joint space width with different grades of manual traction in patients with adhesive capsulitis-A fluoroscopic study M. Makhija, J. Sethi, C. Kataria, H. Singh, V. Phadke Comparative Exercise Physiology, 2023 Adhesive capsulitis causes adaptive shortening of the non-contractile structures around the shoulder joint which may affect the distraction distance or joint space width (JSW) between the glenoid and humeral head. Joint traction is a commonly used manual therapy technique to reduce pain and gain range of motion in patients with adhesive capsulitis. However, changes in JSW with manual traction are not objectively assessed. This study aimed to find differences in shoulder JSW with different grades of traction and made comparisons between the affected and the unaffected side using 2D fluoroscopy. Forty-one subjects (24 males, 17 females; age 53.9±7.9 years) diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis with low to moderate joint irritability were included. Their mean duration of symptoms was 5.25±1.7 months. True anteroposterior view images of the shoulder were taken with the patient in a supine position with their arms held at 75° of abduction. Images of the affected and unaffected side were taken while no traction, grade 2 and grade 3 manual traction were applied. The JSW was determined as the linear distance between the articular surfaces. Repeated measures ANOVA with post hoc testing was used for analysing differences across the sides (affected and unaffected side) and conditions (No, grade 2 and grade 3 traction). There was no significant interaction between conditions and sides (P=0.99). Averaged across sides, the JSW with grade 2 or 3 traction was 0.18 and 0.23 mm more than the no traction condition (P=0.013 and P=0.001, respectively). There were no differences in the JSW with grade 2 or 3 traction. Averaged across the conditions, the JSW on the unaffected side was 0.21 mm more than the affected side (P=0.03). The study demonstrates that adhesive capsulitis causes a reduction in JSW at 75° abducted position and grade 2 or 3 manual traction can significantly increase this JSW. Clinical Trial Registry India: CTRI/2018/12/016657.
Effect of habitual lumbar curvature on electromyographic activity of trunk muscle and intravaginal pressure during still standing and dynamic task among non-osteoporotic post-menopausal women Jasobanta Sethi Journal of Medical Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences, 2022 The pelvic floor muscles support vital organs like the bladder, colon, and internal reproductive systems. These muscles synergistically function with the abdominal muscle to control continence. Pelvic floor muscle insufficiency results in poor control over continence during various activities. The efficient control of abdominal muscles to support the pelvic floor function require stabilization of the spine which in turn gets affected by the change in the mechanics due to the altered lumbar spine angle. In the present study, we intended to find the effect of lumbar spine angle on trunk muscle tonic activity, and pelvic floor function. A total of seventy-eight non-osteoporotic menopausal continent women were recruited and based on their lumbar lordotic angle, they were allocated to three groups (Hyper, hypo, and normal lordosis). The electromyographic tonic activity of erector spinae (ES), rectus abdominis (RA), and vaginal pressure was recorded during standing still (SS), maximal coughing (MC), and Valsalva maneuver (VM). The data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey post hoc test. The confidence level was kept at 95%, i.e., p<0.05. We found the trunk muscle tonic activity and vaginal pressure reduced as the lumbar lordotic angle changed to a hyper and hypo lordotic spine.
Effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation strengthening versus proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on glycosylated haemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus Jasobanta Sethi Journal of Medical Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences, 2022 The study aimed to compare the effect of Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation strengthening (PNF Strengthening) Vs. Proprioceptive neuromuscular stretching (PNF Stretching) on Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Four hundred five type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were randomly allocated in Control group (Group A; n=138), Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation strengthening group (Group B; n=135) and Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching group (Group C; n=132).HbA1c was measured pre and post intervention to examine the effect on blood glucose level. This study show that both PNF strengthening and PNF stretching have been effective in reduction of blood glucose level (p< 0.05). Whereas significant difference was found between the two interventions (p< 0.005).PNF strengthening has shown significant improvement compare to control and PNF stretching group. PNF strengthening may be a better treatment protocol for the clinicians towards benefit of the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching versus aerobic training on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus Jasobanta Sethi Journal of Medical Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences, 2022 The study aimed to compare the effect of Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching Vs. Aerobic training on HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Forty sedentary type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (22 males & 18 females) were randomly allocated in Aerobic Training group(n=20) and Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching group(n=20) with twelve-week protocol for both the groups. Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured before and after the intervention to examine the effect on blood glucose level. Both Aerobic training and Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching induced decrease in blood glucose levels (Glycosylated Hemoglobin HbA1c) after the protocol (P< .001). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.001). This study shows that both Aerobic training and Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching reduced blood glucose levels. There is no significant difference between the two interventions. Proprioceptive neuromuscular stretching may be an alternative to aerobic training to those patients who are unable to perform aerobic training to control blood glucose levels.
Effect of Tongue Stimulation on Upper Extremity Recovery in Stroke Patients - A Randomized Controlled Trial Jayaprakash Jayavelu, Jasobanta Sethi, Sahil kohli, Tariq Matin Universal Journal of Public Health, 2022 Recovery of upper extremity after stroke is always challenging because of various factors. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of tongue stimulation on upper extremity recovery in stroke patients. Fifty-four stroke patients with informed consent were screened and included in the study after they met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were randomly divided into experimental (N=26) and control group (N=28) using computerized randomization method followed by comprehensive assessment. Randomization was done by independent assessor. All patients were administered one hour of stroke rehabilitation program in both groups. In experimental group, periglossal electrical stimulation was done for 15 minutes along with upper limb retraining. Patients' functional scores were assessed in both groups at the time of enrolment into the study, which includes modified Rankin Scale and Barthel index, whereas the motor functions were assessed using Fugl-Meyer Assessment Scale. They were reassessed after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of the study. Data analysis was done using SAS software. Test of normality was done to find out the normality of the data. Within group analysis was done using paired t test or Wilcoxin Signed Rank test and between group analysis was done using independent t test or Mann-Whitney U test depending on the normality of the data. Twenty-five stroke patients in control group and twenty-three stroke patients in experimental group completed the study. There was significant improvement in modified Rankin Scale, Barthel index and Fugl-Meyer Scale in both the groups (P<0.05). Between group analysis revealed that there is significant improvement in modified Rankin Scale, Barthel index, Fugl-Meyer upper extremity and lower extremity scale in experimental group compared to control group (P<0.05). Tongue stimulation was found to be effective in improving the upper limb functions in stroke patients. This is also cost effective and easy to administer for the benefit of the patients.
Fluoroscopic measurements of the glenohumeral joint position and space in true anteroposterior and axillary views – a reliability study M. Makhija, J. Sethi, C. Kataria, H. Singh, V. Phadke Comparative Exercise Physiology, 2022 Two-dimensional (2D) fluoroscopy has been used in shoulder pathologies to estimate the humeral head position (HHP) in the true anteroposterior (AP) view. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding the reliability estimating it in the axillary view and in measuring the shoulder joint space width (JSW). True AP view images (n=36) of subjects with adhesive capsulitis were taken in supine in multiple arm abduction positions. The axillary view images (n=48) were taken in supine and prone in 75° of abduction. The HHP was assessed in the glenoid reference frame. The position and radius of the humeral head along with the superior, inferior, anterior, posterior, and middle JSWs were measured in each image. All the images were coded and randomly presented twice to a physiotherapist at a gap of 48-72 h for intra-rater reliability and to 2 therapists and an orthopaedic surgeon for inter-rater reliability. Reliability was expressed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and standard error of measurement (SEM). In both the views, inter-rater, and intra-rater reliability was excellent for the radius of the humeral head (inter-rater – 0.95-0.97 and intra-rater -0.98)], moderate (ICC: 0.70 and 0.76), and excellent (ICC: 0.89 and 0.93) for HHP. The reliability for JSWs was moderate to good (ICC: 0.66-0.82) for inter-rater and good to excellent (ICC: 0.75-0.95) for intra-rater analysis. The SEM for HHP and JSWs were <0.4 mm for intra-rater analysis, and <0.7 mm for inter-rater reliability in both views. The study demonstrated that the glenohumeral arthrokinematic parameters can be measured with good to excellent levels of reliability when using 2 D fluoroscopy. The study is part of a clinical trial (Clinical Trial Registry India: CTRI/2018/12/016657).
