Jesus Val
@eead.csic.es
Estación Experimental de Aula Dei - CSIC
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Horticulture, Plant Science, Food Science
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Aimar Navarro, Rosa Giménez, Jesús Val, and María Ángeles Moreno
MDPI AG
Peaches and nectarines have a short shelf life even when harvested at appropriate physiological maturity. Market life is increased by storage at low temperatures. However, chilling injury symptoms can appear, causing physiological disorders and limiting shipping potential. The rootstock effect on the post-harvest quality has hardly been explored. Thus, the principal aim of this work was to study the influence of seven different Prunus rootstocks on the “Big Top” nectarine cv, considering harvest and post-harvest quality parameters and their correlation with chilling injury disorders. Basic fruit quality traits, individual sugars and organic acids analyzed by HPLC and other biochemical compounds such as relative antioxidant capacity, total phenolics content, flavonoids, anthocyanins, vitamin C and related enzyme activities (PAL, POD, PPO) were considered. In addition, correlations with possible candidate genes for chilling injury (CI) tolerance were searched by qPCR. Although a low susceptibility to CI symptoms has been found in “Big Top”, rootstocks “PADAC 9902-01”, “PADAC 99-05” and “ReplantPAC” exhibited lower CI symptoms. A statistically significant influence of the evaluated rootstocks was found concerning the parameters of this study. Phenols and anthocyanins seem to be important parameters to be considered in the prevention of chilling injury disorders. Moreover, PAL1, PPO4, PG2 and LDOX genes relative expressions were positively associated with chilling injury susceptibility. This study opens new perspectives for understanding peach fruit adaptation and response to cold storage temperatures during the post-harvest period.
Lourdes Lleó, Pilar Barreiro, Victoria Lafuente, Natalia Hernández-Sánchez, and Jesús Val
MDPI AG
This paper presents a procedure for the comparison of two technologies developed to classify peach trees according to their nutritional status. The first technology uses the leaf SPAD-502 meter value to characterize tree classes as indicated by agronomist experts: sound, intermediate, and strong chlorosis trees. It is used as a reference for the second technology, which uses a combination of two multispectral indexes computed from reflectance hyperspectral images. Specifically, R_NDVI = (R800 − R670)/(R800 + R670) and HyperSPAD = (R940/R650) are computed for each leaf pixel. An automated methodology is proposed that sets two optical thresholds (three hyperspectral categories) in view of the outliers according to a normal distribution, together with an iterative optimization of the bounding that determines the best assignment of trees to one of the three SPAD_502 levels of nutritional status, as required for practical agronomical purposes such as fertilization. The Chi 2 distribution is used to confirm the similarity of both nutritional classifications. These results encourage the use of on-board multispectral cameras to monitor the nutritional status of trees and to establish a more efficient fertilization strategy where inputs are applied according to individual status, with the consequent reduction in losses of fertilizers such as nitrogen to the atmosphere, soil, and water resulting from over-application.
A. Navarro, R. Giménez, J. Val, and M.A. Moreno
International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)
A. Navarro, R. Giménez, C.M. Cantín, P.J. Martínez-García, J. Val, and M.A. Moreno
International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)
C.M. Cantín, M. Ballestero, M.A. Moreno, J. Val, P.J. Martínez-García, and J. Barriuso
International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)
Gemma Reig, Alex Salazar, Olfa Zarrouk, Carolina Font i Forcada, Jesús Val, and María Ángeles Moreno
Elsevier BV
Victoria Lafuente, Luis J. Herrera, Jesús Val, Razvan Ghinea, and Angel I. Negueruela
Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)
Aim of study: Developing models to determine soluble solids content (SSC) in cherry trees by means of Vis/NIR spectroscopy.Area of study: The Spanish Autonomous Community of Aragón (Spain).Material and methods: Vis/NIR spectroscopy was applied to Prunus avium fruit ‘Chelan’ (n=360) to predict total SSC using a range 400-2420 nm. Linear (PLS) and nonlinear (LSSVM) regression methods were applied to establish prediction models.Main results: The two regression methods applied obtained similar results (Rcv2=0.97 and Rcv2=0.98 respectively). The range 700-1060 nm attained better results to predict SSC in different seasons. Forty variables selected according to the variable selection method achieved Rcv2 value, 0.97 similar than full range.Research highlights: The development of this methodology is of great interest to the fruit sector in the area, facilitating the harvest for future seasons. Further work is needed on the development of the NIRS methodology and on new calibration equations for other varieties of cherry and other species.
D. Redondo, A. Díaz, and J. Val
International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)
9 Pags.- 2 Figs.- 3 Tabls. The definitive version is available at: https://www.ishs.org/acta-horticulturae
A. Díaz, M. Pérez, D. Redondo, and J. Val
International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)
7 Pags.- 1 Figs.- 5 Tabls. The definitive version is available at: https://www.ishs.org/acta-horticulturae
D. Redondo, C. Peñalva, J. Val, F. Braca, and M. Pérez
International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)
8 Pags.- 6 Tabls. The definitive version is available at: https://www.actahort.org/index.htm
J. Val, S. Del Río, D. Redondo, and A. Díaz
International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)
To maintain fruit firmness and mitigate physiological alterations in a late season peach cultivar (Prunus persica ‘58GC-76’), environmentally friendly strategies including especial foliar calcium treatments, were developed. The innovation of these treatments consists of using an aqueous solution of the active matter (CaCl2) and a separate organic phase containing a concentrated adjuvant (tara gum) which confers to the final applied solution good characteristics of sticking and wettability, among others. This permits the spreading of calcium on the fruit surface and when environmental humidity increases, calcium solution can penetrate the fruit surface. This way of applying exogenous calcium, is only used in our laboratory so far. Conventional foliar applied calcium was not considered in this work because our previous results demonstrated their lack of effectiveness to mitigate physiological disorders in this commodity. Treatments at semi-industrial scale were conducted during 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. The very same pattern of treatments was applied to 58GC-76 peach orchards located in several sites of the ‘Bajo Aragón’ zone (NE Spain). The 58GC-76 variety suffers an emerging physiological disorder so called "corky spot" that has some similarities with vitrescent dark spot, which is affecting other late season peaches from the Protected Designation of Origin ‘Calanda’ in the same geographical region. The evolution of fruit nutrients (Ca, Mg and K), both in skin and pulp, demonstrated the effectiveness of calcium treatments during the two seasons in terms of increasing calcium concentration in both tissues. Regarding the evaluation of corky spot, a significant decrease in the severity and percentage of fruits affected was recorded in those fruits treated with calcium compared to control fruits which remained untreated.
V. Lafuente, J. Val, and A.I. Negueruela
International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)
4 pags.- 2 Figs. Article derived from a original aportation to authors to VIII International Postharvest Symposium (Cartagena, Spain. 21-24 June 2016). The definitive version is available at: https://www.actahort.org/index.htm
David Risco, Alberto Gutiérrez, Jesús Val, Juan León, Azahara Díaz, Paúl Benalcázar, and Henar Prieto
SciELO Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (ANID)
espanolRESUMEN El cultivo de brocoli requiere altas cantidades de agua de riego para conseguir una produccion optima. Sin embargo, la creciente escasez de recursos hidricos hace necesario implementar sistemas de riego eficientes para optimizar la eficacia en el uso del agua. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la respuesta del cultivo de dos hibridos de brocoli, Avenger (AV) y Domador (DOM) a tres dosis de riego, 50% de reposicion de la evaporacion del tanque clase A (R50), 100% de reposicion (R100) y 150% de reposicion (R150). Estos ensayos se realizaron en dos epocas: de febrero a mayo y de julio a octubre de 2016. El diseno experimental fue factorial con cuatro bloques y seis tratamientos. El momento optimo de riego se determino utilizando una sonda FDR. Durante el primer ensayo no se observaron diferencias en la produccion entre los distintos tratamientos de riego, debido a las intensas lluvias y a la menor evapotranspiracion, pero si hubo diferencias de produccion entre el hibrido Domador (23.6 t ha-1) y Avenger (21.5 t ha-1). En el segundo ensayo, la produccion fue mayor en R150 (40.5 t ha-1) que en R100 (28.2 t ha-1) y que en R50 (31.0 t ha-1) lo que indica que en condiciones muy secas es necesario incrementar el aporte hidrico para satisfacer las necesidades del cultivo. Comparando ambos experimentos, la produccion fue mas alta y el area foliar menor en el segundo ensayo, lo que sugiere que el momento mas adecuado para el cultivo de brocoli en los Andes ecuatorianos es la epoca de menores lluvias y mayor evapotranspiracion. EnglishABSTRACT Broccoli culture needs high amounts of irrigation water to achieve optimum yields, however, given the growing scarcity of water resources, it is necessary to design more efficient irrigation strategies to be applied. The objective of the study was to evaluate the response of two broccoli hybrids, Avenger (AV) and Domador (DOM), and three irrigation doses, 50% replenishment of an evaporation class A pan (R50), 100% replenishment (R100) and 150% replenishment (R150). These trials were carried out in two periods: from February to May and from July to October 2016. The experiments were carried out in a factorial design with four blocks and six treatments. The optimum irrigation time was determined using a FDR probe. During the first trial, there were no differences in yield between the different irrigation treatments, due to the high rainfall and low evapotranspiration, but differences in yield were found between the hybrids Domador (23.61 ha-1) and Avenger (21.51 ha-1). In the second trial, the yield was higher in R150 (40.51 ha-1) than in R100 (28.2 t ha-1) and in R50 (31.01 ha-1). In driest season, water requirements may be underestimated to supply the real necessities of the crop. Comparing both trials, the yield was higher and the leaf area smaller in the second trial, suggesting that the best time for broccoli cultivation in the Ecuadorian Andes is that time of lower rainfall and higher evaporation.
Sohrab Davarpanah, Ali Tehranifar, Javier Abadía, Jesús Val, Gholamhossein Davarynejad, Mehdi Aran, and Reza Khorassani
Elsevier BV
A.E. Salazar, J. Torrents, M. Bordas, J. Val, and M.A. Moreno
International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)
Graft compatibility for new Prunus rootstocks recently introduced into the Spanish market or under selection in public and private programmes is assessed in nursery trials. Part of the evaluated material belongs to the Aula Dei Experimental Station (EEAD-CSIC) selection program in Zaragoza, Spain. Another group of rootstocks under test is from the private nursery Agromillora Iberia, S.L. Some of those rootstocks showed good adaptation to Mediterranean growing conditions and resistance to root-knot nematodes. As control, peach-almond (‘GF 677’), peach × P. davidiana (‘Cadaman’), other interspecific plum-based rootstocks (‘Damas GF 1869’, ‘Ishtara’) and different plum species (P. cerasifera: ‘Adara’; P. domestica: ‘Constanti 1’; P. insititia: ‘Adesoto’ and other ‘Pollizo de Murcia’ clones, ‘Saint Julien A’) are used. New evaluated rootstocks include: ‘Densipac R 20’ (P. besseyi × P. cerasifera), ‘Nanopac R 40’ (P. dulcis × P. persica), ‘Replantpac RR’ (P. dulcis × P. cerasifera), ‘AP 45’ [(P. besseyi × P. salicina) × P. armeniaca], ‘Aprimed AP 65’ [(P. armeniaca L. × P. cerasifera Ehrh) × P. pumila L. var. besseyi], and ‘LC 52’ (P. cerasifera × P. maackii), among others. To determine graft-compatibility, commercial cultivars of different Prunus species were budded on some of the evaluated rootstocks. They include: ‘Moniqui’ and ‘Portici’ (apricot); ‘Lauranne’, ‘Nonpareil’, ‘Penta’ and ‘Soleta’ (almond); ‘Angeleno’ and ‘Golden Japan’ (Japanese plum); ‘Big Top’ and ‘Sumergrand’ (nectarine) and ‘Aida’, ‘Carmen’, ‘Cordia’, ‘Ferrovia’, ‘Kovics’, ‘Krupnoplodnaja’, and ‘Sandor’ (cherries). Several degrees of graft incompatibility have been observed for the ‘translocated’ type of incompatibility. In general, peach-almond hybrids and slow-growing plums (P. domestica and P. insititia plums as ‘Adesoto’ and other ‘Pollizo de Murcia’ clones) were graft-compatible with peach, almond and Japanese plum tested cultivars. However, in the case of P. cerasifera, P. besseyi and interspecific hybrids with these species, performance differed substantially depending on the evaluated genotype.
M. Krawitzky, I. Orera, A.F. Lopez-Millan, R. Oria, and J. Val
Elsevier BV
Victoria Lafuente, Luis J Herrera, María del Mar Pérez, Jesús Val, and Ignacio Negueruela
Wiley
AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this work, near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and an acoustic measure (AWETA) (two non‐destructive methods) were applied in Prunus persica fruit ‘Calrico’ (n = 260) to predict Magness–Taylor (MT) firmness.METHODSSeparate and combined use of these measures was evaluated and compared using partial least squares (PLS) and least squares support vector machine (LS‐SVM) regression methods. Also, a mutual‐information‐based variable selection method, seeking to find the most significant variables to produce optimal accuracy of the regression models, was applied to a joint set of variables (NIR wavelengths and AWETA measure).RESULTSThe newly proposed combined NIR‐AWETA model gave good values of the determination coefficient (R2) for PLS and LS‐SVM methods (0.77 and 0.78, respectively), improving the reliability of MT firmness prediction in comparison with separate NIR and AWETA predictions. The three variables selected by the variable selection method (AWETA measure plus NIR wavelengths 675 and 697 nm) achieved R2 values 0.76 and 0.77, PLS and LS‐SVM.CONCLUSIONThese results indicated that the proposed mutual‐information‐based variable selection algorithm was a powerful tool for the selection of the most relevant variables. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
M. Krawitzky, E. Arias, J.M. Peiro, A.I. Negueruela, J. Val, and R. Oria
Informa UK Limited
The polyphenolic profile and antioxidant activity of peel, pomace, and juice of ‘Verde Doncella’, a Spanish apple cultivar, is presented. Phenolic profile of the worldwide cultivated ‘Red Delicious’ cultivar was used for comparison. Flavanols, hydroxycinamic acids, flavonols, phloridzin, procyanidin B2, and gallic acid were quantified by HPLC. Larger concentrations of polyphenolics were found in the peel, which is in agreement with the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity (FRAP) values. ‘Verde Doncella’ expressed lower concentrations of flavanols and quercetin derivates in peel, pomace, and juice when compared to ‘Red Delicious’. ‘Verde Doncella’ was richer in p-coumaric acid and procyanidn B2 in the peel.
Els Herremans, Angela Melado-Herreros, Thijs Defraeye, Bert Verlinden, Maarten Hertog, Pieter Verboven, Jesus Val, M. Encarnación Fernández-Valle, Evi Bongaers, Pascal Estrade,et al.
Elsevier BV
Victoria Lafuente, Jesús Val, Concha Urzola, and Ignacio Negueruela
SPIE
The objective of this study was to evaluate in ‘Smoothee Golden Delicious’ apples, the use of backscattering images as a non-destructive method to estimate some quality parameters during the ripening process of fruits. In this experiment, 208 apples were collected from an experimental orchard of the Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (CSIC) in Zaragoza (Northeastern, Spain). Backscattering images were kept from samples picked up every 15 days during 7 months until harvest. In the same fruits, soluble solids contents (SSC) and firmness were measured by traditional destructive methods. The light source was a solid state laser diode module emitting at three different spectral bands (670, 785 and 980 nm) PLS calibration methods were used to create the statistical model to predict SSC and firmness. Good results were obtained when PLS calibration was applied to Feret diameter corresponding at different levels of gray. The Rcv2 values were 0.87 for firmness and 0.93 for SSC, which are higher than other reported in the literature for the same commodity.
Angela Melado-Herreros, Miguel-A. Muñoz-García, Alvaro Blanco, Jesús Val, Ma Encarnación Fernández-Valle, and Pilar Barreiro
Elsevier BV
V. Fernandez, A. Blanco, and J. Val
International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)
The occurrence of physiological disorders in fruits lead to major economic losses associated with decreased quality and post-harvest storability of commodities. Peach fruits affected by vitrescent dark spot lose their intrinsic high value and may not even reach the market. The existing lack of information on the peach "vitrescent dark spot" has led to preliminary trials to learn about the nature of such disorders in terms of nutrient balances and structural modifications. Analysis of mineral elements in the injured tissues has shown that Ca, and Mg concentrations were greater than in the mesocarp of sound fruits, while in sound mesocarp of affected fruits, the concentrations were smaller. For K, the opposite situation was found. Besides, analysis of mesocarp of affected fruits showed increasing concentrations of Ca and Mg from sound tissue towards the spot, being greatest close to the spot. Changes in concentration have been found for other mineral nutrients, such as N, B, etc., while other elements such as C and S did not vary in concentration. The results show a similar behaviour in mineral element distribution to that of bitter pit in apple, thus suggesting that the vitrescent dark spot in peach is a calcium related physiopathology. INTRODUCTION Late ripening cultivars in Spain, particularly those grown in the Calanda area (Teruel, Spain), attain very high prices because the fruits are bagged shortly after fruit thinning has been accomplished. Consequently, when collected at harvest no residues of pesticides are found on them, and so, these fruits are marketed as pesticide free. The marketing season of this commodity is now being extended as much as possible, by storing the fruits under cold conditions. However, new physiological disorders are being reported by growers, of which the "vitrescent dark spot" (VDS) is becoming the cause for important economic loses. At harvest, there is great difficulties in discerning affected fruits from sound fruits, of good marketing quality, as is the case for bitter pit in apple, although the spot is already developed (Val, 2007). In this paper, preliminary work carried out to study the mineral element characterization of this newly observed disorder is presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS
Jesus Val and Victoria Fernández
Wiley
AbstractExperiments to evaluate the effect of in‐season calcium (Ca) sprays on late‐season peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch cv. Calrico) were carried out for a 2‐year period. Calcium formulations (0.5% and 1.0% in 2008 and only 0.5% tested in 2009) supplied either as CaCl2 or Ca propionate in combination with two or three adjuvants (0.05% of the nonionic surfactants Tween 20 and Break Thru, and 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose, CMC) were sprayed four to five times over the growing season. Peach mesocarp and endocarp Ca concentrations were determined on a 15‐day basis from the beginning of May until the end of June. Further tissue analyses were performed at harvest. A decreasing trend in fruit Ca concentrations over the growing season was always observed regardless of the Ca treatments. Both in 2008 and 2009, significant tissue Ca increments associated with the application of Ca‐containing sprays in combination with adjuvants were only observed in June, which may be coincident with the period of pit hardening. In 2008, both at harvest and after cold storage, the total soluble‐solids concentration (° Brix) of fruits supplied with Ca propionate (0.5% and 1.0% Ca) was always lower as compared to the rest of treatments. The application of multiple Ca‐containing sprays increased firmness at harvest and after cold storage, especially when CaCl2 was the active ingredient used. Supplying the adjuvants Tween 20 and CMC increased fruit acidity both at harvest and after cold storage. Evaluation of the development of physiological disorders after cold storage (2 weeks at 0°C) indicated a lower susceptibility of Ca‐treated fruits to internal browning. Fruits treated with multiple CaCl2‐, CMC‐, and Break Thru®‐containing sprays during the growing season were significantly less prone to the development of chilling injuries as compared to untreated peaches.
Victoria Fernández, Mohamed Khayet, Pablo Montero-Prado, José Alejandro Heredia-Guerrero, Georgios Liakopoulos, George Karabourniotis, Víctor del Río, Eva Domínguez, Ignacio Tacchini, Cristina Nerín,et al.
Oxford University Press (OUP)
The surface of peach (Prunus persica ‘Calrico’) is covered by a dense indumentum, which may serve various protective purposes. With the aim of relating structure to function, the chemical composition, morphology, and hydrophobicity of the peach skin was assessed as a model for a pubescent plant surface. Distinct physicochemical features were observed for trichomes versus isolated cuticles. Peach cuticles were composed of 53% cutan, 27% waxes, 23% cutin, and 1% hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (mainly ferulic and p-coumaric acids). Trichomes were covered by a thin cuticular layer containing 15% waxes and 19% cutin and were filled by polysaccharide material (63%) containing hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and flavonoids. The surface free energy, polarity, and work of adhesion of intact and shaved peach surfaces were calculated from contact angle measurements of water, glycerol, and diiodomethane. The removal of the trichomes from the surface increased polarity from 3.8% (intact surface) to 23.6% and decreased the total surface free energy chiefly due to a decrease on its nonpolar component. The extraction of waxes and the removal of trichomes led to higher fruit dehydration rates. However, trichomes were found to have a higher water sorption capacity as compared with isolated cuticles. The results show that the peach surface is composed of two different materials that establish a polarity gradient: the trichome network, which has a higher surface free energy and a higher dispersive component, and the cuticle underneath, which has a lower surface free energy and higher surface polarity. The significance of the data concerning water-plant surface interactions is discussed within a physiological context.
Alvaro Blanco, Victoria Fernández, and Jesús Val
Elsevier BV