Kausik Bal
@caluniv.ac.in
Development and Planning Officer
University of Calcutta
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Textile and Fibrous Materials and Structure, Clothing Comfort, Heat transfer in textiles and clothing, Liquid moisture transfer in fibrous medium, Electrostatic properties of fibrous materials, Technical textile applications and testing, Instrumentation for Textile Testing, Modelling & Simulations
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Dahua Shou, Kausik Bal, Jianlong Kou, and Wan Shou
World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd
Kausik Bal and Brojeswari Das
Elsevier
Lubos Hes, Kausik Bal, and Ivan Dolezal
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Ivan Dolezal, Lubos Hes, and Kausik Bal
Informa UK Limited
Measurement of thermal resistance of polymer sheets and fibrous layers is important in various applications including those within the engineering, ergonomics, clothing design and personal protective equipment fields. Standard methods for measurement of thermal resistance of plain materials are generally time consuming, expensive and often require the sample to be cut. Moreover, the temperature difference between the surfaces of both plates surrounding the sample must be known, as well as the sample thickness. This article describes a new measuring device named the Thermoscope. The Thermoscope is not limited by the aforementioned requirements and is able to evaluate the thermal resistance of polymer sheets and textiles by touching the sample on one surface alone. Simultaneously, the other surface is kept in thermal contact with the supporting base. The accuracy of this device was compared with the Alambeta thermal insulation tester. Effects of various base materials on measurement precision were also studied.
Jaruwan Diswat, Lubos Hes, and Kausik Bal
SAGE Publications
A mathematical model based on the principles of conductive heat transfer is presented to predict the thermal resistance of cut pile carpet. The cut pile carpet assembly is considered as a network of thermal resistances of the tuft yarns, trapped air, and the primary backing fabric. A straightforward calculation of the thermal resistance was not possible as the data for thermal conductivity of the tuft yarns along their axes was not known. Therefore, the calculation of thermal conductivity in the direction of the yarn axis was based on the construction of surface pile and on the measured thermal resistance of carpet for a set of samples. Theoretical thermal resistances of another set of cut pile carpets were calculated by applying the developed thermal model. The results show that the simple network model is robust and gives reasonable values by using the carpet construction parameters. The model can be used for engineering of cut pile carpets to provide a desired level of thermal insulation.
Adnan Mazari, Kausik Bal, and Antonin Havelka
SAGE Publications
In industrial sewing, needle heating is a key problem that limits the further increase of sewing speed, and hence the productivity. Heat is generated during the sewing process because of friction between the needle and the sewing thread as well as between the needle and the fabric. The high temperature of the needle affects the quality and productivity of the sewing. The problem of needle temperature rise due to friction heat generation is considered in this paper and a simple analytical model is developed to predict needle temperature. The predicted needle temperature is compared with the experimental results by the inserted thermocouple method. Some of the process parameters, used as input variables, were also measured experimentally and experimentally observed values of needle temperature were compared with the theoretical prediction. It was observed that the temperature of the needle increases significantly with the presence of the sewing thread. Both the theory and the experimental results show that the needle temperature increases linearly with the machine speed within the ranges studied.
Kausik Bal and V. K. Kothari
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Kausik Bal, Jintu Fan, M.K. Sarkar, and Lin Ye
Elsevier BV
Manas K. Sarkar, Kausik Bal, Fuen He, and Jintu Fan
Elsevier BV
Qing Chen, Jin tu Fan, Manas Kumar Sarkar, and Kausik Bal
SAGE Publications
The use of plant-based biomimetic branching structures in textiles can enhance their water absorption and one-way transport properties. In this study, double-layered knitted structures were developed in which two or more yarns were combined at the technical back of the fabric and separated at the technical face to emulate plant-like branching networks. Fabrics with these novel knitted structures were produced on a circular knitting machine. The water absorption and transport properties of these fabrics were measured and it was showed that plant-based knitted structures with two or more branching networks had faster water absorption and better moisture management properties than the conventional structure knitted fabrics. Other comfort-related properties, such as air resistance, were also better for the newly developed fabrics. These novel knitted fabrics should therefore have potential advantages and benefits in terms of the comfort of sportswear and functional clothing.
Kausik Bal and V. Kothari
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
The dielectric properties of textile fabrics are becoming more important with respect to applications such as electrostatic discharge, electromagnetic shielding, fabric-reinforced composites for electrical and electronic applications. The relation between the permittivity of the fiber material and that of the air-fiber mixture in a fabric form belongs to a more general problem of dielectric mixtures which has been studied for more than 100 years. This paper reviews many such dielectric mixture formulas available today and applies them for the case of a woven fabric made from monofilament yarns of high density polyethylene. At the low fiber volume fraction which is typical for any woven fabric, the dispersion of values given by different mixing equations lies between 2.028 and 2.400. An extrapolation technique using a quadratic equation also gives a reasonable value which falls in the above range.
V.K. Kothari and Kausik Bal
SAGE Publications
Moisture content values of plain woven fabrics of polyester-viscose blended yarns were measured using standard conditioning procedures as well as a new method of preconditioning of samples using infrared heating and subsequent conditioning in a desiccator for a specific conditioning time. The effects of drying time and conditioning time on measured moisture content values were studied and optimization of these parameters were done. Results of the moisture content measurement using these methods show a sufficiently linear relationship between measured moisture content and the proportion of viscose in the fabric samples. The regression analysis showed very high coefficients of determination (above 0.98) in all cases. Regression equations were used to predict the blend proportion of fabric samples from the moisture content data. It was found that even the moisture content values using a shorter conditioning time of 60 minutes and even 10 minutes yielded correct prediction with a maximum error of magnitude less than 3.0 in blend percentage values.
Kausik Bal and V.K. Kothari
Elsevier BV