Leandro Dorigan de Macedo
@usp.br
Dentistry and Stomatology Division
Ribeirão Preto Medical School/University of São Paulo, University Hospital of Ribeirão Preto Medical School -Universidade de São Paulo
Head of the Dentistry and Stomatology Service of University Hospital of Ribeirão Preto Medical School -Universidade de São Paulo
Head of the Dentistry Service of Hemocentro Foundation of Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo
Coordinator of the multiprofessional cancer residency program of University Hospital of Ribeirão Preto Medical School -Universidade de São Paulo
EDUCATION
Degree in dentistry from the university of são Paulo
Master Degree from University of São Paulo
Phd from the University of São Paulo
MBA in Health Management by the Getúlio Vargas Foundation
RESEARCH INTERESTS
dentistry
oral medicine
stomatology
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Marcella Ferreira Gobbi, Mariana Henriques Ferreira, Danielle Lima Corrêa de Carvalho, Geisa Badauy Lauria Silva, Karina Silva Moreira Macari, Lilian de Jesus Neves, Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos, Luiz Alberto Valente Soares Junior, Walmyr Ribeiro Melo, Héliton Spíndola Antunes,et al.
Elsevier BV
Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos, Fabiana Caramori Noal Granzotto, Héliton Spindola Antunes, Emilze Mafra de Lima, Renata de Freitas Varanda, Karina Maccari, Leticia Mello Bezinelli, Walmyr Ribeiro Melo, Luiz Alberto Valente Soares Junior, Leandro Dorigan De Macedo,et al.
Elsevier BV
Maria Elvira Pizzigati Correa, Fabiana Caramori Noal Granzotto, Lara Maria Alencar Ramos Innocentini, Thiago de Carvalho Reis, Emilze Mafra de Lima, Renata de Freitas Varanda, Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos, Luiz Alberto Valente Soares Junior, Leticia Mello Bezinelli, Fernanda de Paula Eduardo,et al.
Elsevier BV
Ana Carolina F. Motta, Atila V. V. Nobre, Tabata L. S. Polvora, Diana E. Ramos Peña, Kelly V. Villafuerte, Gilberto A. Silva, Ana Laura P. Ranieri, Leandro D. de Macedo, Karen M. L. Morejon, Benedito A. L. da Fonseca,et al.
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Background: Periodontitis (PDT) has gained attention in the literature with the increase in life expectancy of people living with HIV on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). Thus, the search for inflammatory biomarkers could be useful to understand the pathophysiology of chronic oral diseases in the cART era. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on clinical parameters of PDT, Candida spp. count and expression of LF and HST in saliva and CGF of HIV-infected patients. Methods: Bleeding index (BI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), colony-forming units (CFUs) of Candida spp, and lactoferrin (LF) and histatin (HST) levels were measured in saliva and GCF of both groups at three different times: baseline (before treatment), and 30 and 90 days after the NSPT. Clinical, mycological and immunoenzymatic analyses were also performed. Results: Twenty-two HIV-infected patients and 25 non-HIV-infected patients with PDT participated in the study. NSPT was effective in improving periodontal clinical parameters, including ≤ 4 sites with PD ≤ 5mm and BI ≤ 10%. No significant change in oral Candida spp. count occurred neither between the two groups nor during the time after the periodontal treatment. And the salivary and GCF levels of LF and HST seems not to be influenced by the NSPT. By contrast, except for salivary LF, HST and LF were shown to exhibit significantly higher levels in HIV-infected than in non-HIV-infected patients. Conclusions: NSPT was effective in improving periodontal disease parameters in HIV-infected patients, but do not affect lactoferrin and histatin-5 expression in saliva and ginvival crevicular fluid of HIV-infected patients.
Gabriela Silveira de Araujo, Leandro Dorigan de Macedo, Alfredo Ribeiro-Silva, Hilton Marcos Alves Ricz, and Lara Maria Alencar Ramos Innocentini
Elsevier BV
Isabella Lima Arrais Ribeiro, Wanessa Teixeira Bellissimo-Rodrigues, Mariama Gentil Mussolin, Lara Maria Alencar Ramos Innocentini, Adriano Tadeu Dias Marangoni, Leandro Dorigan Macedo, Francisco Barbosa-Júnior, Hayala Cristina Cavenague de Souza, Mayra Gonçalves Menegueti, Ana Paula Sulino Pereira,et al.
American Journal of Infection Control Elsevier BV
Thiago de Carvalho Reis, Fernanda Bortolotti, Lara Maria Alencar Ramos Innocentini, Tatiane Cristina Ferrari, Hilton Marcos Alves Ricz, Renato Luiz Guerino Cunha, Thalita Cristina de Mello Costa, and Leandro Dorigan de Macedo
Elsevier BV
Gustavo da Rocha Espírito, Vanessa Tonetto Marques Galves, Mariana Andrade Costa, Fernando Chahud, Leandro Dorigan de Macedo, Lara Maria Alencar Ramos Innocentini, and Ana Carolina Fragoso Motta
American Medical Association (AMA)
Graziella Chagas Jaguar, Héliton Spindola Antunes, Nathalia Felix de Mendoça, Leandro Dorigand de Macedo, Manoela Domingues Martins, and Fabio Abreu Alves
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Elsevier BV
Marina Kimie Oba, Lara Maria Alencar Ramos Innocentini, Gustavo Viani, Hilton Marcos Alves Ricz, Thiago de Carvalho Reis, Tatiane Cristina Ferrari, and Leandro Dorigan de Macedo
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Data incorrect for the results section and table 1.
Marina Kimie Oba, Lara Maria Alencar Ramos Innocentini, Gustavo Viani, Hilton Marcos Alves Ricz, Thiago de Carvalho Reis, Tatiane Cristina Ferrari, and Leandro Dorigan de Macedo
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of acute clinical complications that involve the oral cavity (oral mucositis and salivary flow), general health status (Karnofsky performance status scale (KPS) and weight), and quality of life using the worst performance throughout radiotherapy treatment by intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in the head and neck region and to evaluate the correlation between these variables. Methods This prospective, longitudinal study evaluated 32 patients who were undergoing IMRT for head and neck tumors. The measures were collected weekly through standardized protocols and a quality of life questionnaire (UW-QOL version 4). Results The worst performance for all variables was concentrated in treatment weeks 2 and 5. Regarding quality of life, the emotional dimensions were the most affected (pain 62.86; activity 55; recreation 43.57; mood 49.97; shoulder 57.06; anxiety 42.91). There were a higher number of moderate mucositis correlations with quality of life (mucositis × KPS 0.002; mucositis × weight loss 0.03; mucositis × pain 0.001; mucositis × activity 0.002; mucositis × recreation 0.001; mucositis × swallowing 0.002; mucositis × saliva 0.006; mucositis × mood 0.007; mucositis × anxiety 0.002 ) . Conclusions IMRT treatment severely deteriorated the patients’ quality of life. There were important correlations between the clinical variables and quality of life, especially mucositis.
Raony Môlim de Sousa Pereira, Mônica Danielle Ribeiro Bastos, Maíra Peres Ferreira, Osvaldo Freitas, Leandro Dorigan Macedo, Harley Francisco Oliveira, Hilton Marcos Alvez Ricz, Ana Carolina Fragoso Motta, Ana Paula Macedo, Camila Tirapelli,et al.
Wiley
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate a pilocarpine spray as a treatment for xerostomia in patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC).
METHODS
This was a placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover clinical trial of patients complaining of dry mouth after RT for HNC. Forty patients were randomly assigned to either placebo or pilocarpine (1.54%) spray and instructed to use 3 times a day for three months. After one-month washout period, patients were crossed over to receive placebo or pilocarpine. The assessments were salivary flow (Stimulated Whole Saliva Flow-SWSF), xerostomia (Xerostomia Inventory - XI) and quality of life (QoL/Oral Health Impact Profile - OHIP-14), assessed at baseline, one hour (only SWSF), and at one, two and three months of treatment.
RESULTS
Posttreatment SWFS was not statistically different between pilocarpine and placebo regardless of the treatment sequence (paired T test; p>0.05), except for the SWFS rates at two months after therapy. When comparing pilocarpine with placebo in the time points, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) for QoL or XI. Significant differences of improvement in QoL and xerostomia experience appeared along time for pilocarpine group.
CONCLUSION
The topical application of pilocarpine spray tested was similar to placebo on SWSF assessments in patients treated with RT for HNC.
Gil Cunha De Santis, Leandro Dorigan de Macedo, Maristela Delgado Orellana, Lara Maria Alencar Ramos Innocentini, Tatiane Cristina Ferrari, Hilton Marcos Alves Ricz, Sâmia Rigotto Caruso, Taísa Risque Fernandes, and Dimas Tadeu Covas
Informa UK Limited
Biphosphonate (BP)-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) was first reported in 2003 [1] and affects approximately 5% of patients with multiple myeloma (MM), breast or prostate metastatic cancer ...
Wanessa Teixeira Bellissimo-Rodrigues, Mayra Gonçalves Menegueti, Leandro Dorigan de Macedo, Anibal Basile-Filho, Roberto Martinez, and Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Chlorhexidine (CHX) oral application has been widely used for preventing respiratory infections among critically ill patients, despite controversial effectiveness and the suspicion that it could enhance their mortality [1–3]. The physiopathology behind this association is poorly understood [2, 3]. Our objective was to reassess data from a clinical trial searching for potential pathways for the CHXassociated mortality [4, 5]. This is a post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial evaluating a dental care intervention aimed to prevent respiratory infections in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting. Adult patients admitted to the study ICU between January 1, 2011, and August 8, 2013, were eligible if they had a perspective of staying for 2 days. Participants were randomized by the dentist using a dice. The experimental group received dental care provided by a dentist plus routine oral care, while the control group had access only to routine oral care provided by the nursing staff. Both groups used 0.12% CHX oral solution, if fully conscious, or 2% CHX oral gel, if unconscious, three times a day throughout their ICU stay. Adverse events potentially related to oral care procedures were pragmatically assessed at least three times a week in both study groups by the dentist during ICU stay. Their relationship with death in the ICU was evaluated through a logistic regression model, adjusting the outcome for sex, age, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation System II (APACHE II) score. Sample size was calculated based on the primary study outcome and the lower respiratory tract infection incidence and pointed to the inclusion of 294 patients. Study “per protocol” population consisted of 254 patients and 9.84% (25/254) of them had adverse events related to oral care procedures, being the most common CHX-induced mucositis (7.09%, 18/ 254), consisting of oral erosive or ulcerative lesions, along with white plaque formation [6]. Only one patient had previous lesions before exposure to CHX. This adverse event was exclusively reported in patients exposed to 2% CHX oral gel (9.28%, 18/194, p = 0.006) and was found to be associated with a fatal outcome in both univariate and multivariate analysis, as shown in Table 1. Most of the patients who died had infection and sepsis as their direct cause of death (56/77, 72.7%). Table 2 describes the occurrence of CHX-induced mucositis and its association with direct causes of death and temporal outcomes reported during ICU stay.
Átila V. V. Nobre, Tábata L. S. Pólvora, Letícia R. M. Silva, Vanessa de O. Teles, Kelly Vargas Villafuerte, Raphael J. G. da Motta, João H. P. Fortes, Gilberto A. Silva, Ana Laura P. Ranieri, Leandro D. de Macedo,et al.
Wiley
BACKGROUND
After the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has become a chronic controllable disease. For this reason, chronic conditions related to both HIV infection and senescence, such as chronic periodontitis (CP) need to be studied. This study investigated the impact of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on clinical and immunological features of CP, and on oral colonization by Candida spp. in HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected individuals.
METHODS
HIV-infected (test group) and non-HIV-infected (control group) adults patients with CP were selected. Gingival bleeding index (GI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), number of teeth, CD4+ T lymphocytes and viral load (only for HIV-infected individuals), salivary cytokines (interleukin, [IL]-6, IL-8, and tumoral necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]), and oral Candida infection (colony forming units and species) were assessed at baseline, and 30 and 90 days after NSPT.
RESULTS
Twenty-two HIV-infected patients and 20 non-HIV-infected patients were evaluated. Candida counts and salivary IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-a levels were higher in the test group than in the control group. Both groups showed a decrease in oral Candida counts, GI, PD, IL-6, and IL-8 as well as gain in CAL at 30 and 90 days after NSPT. In addition, patients in the test group showed an increase of CD4+ T lymphocytes and a decrease of viral load.
CONCLUSION
NSPT had a beneficial impact on clinical and immunological parameters of CP, reduction of oral Candida counts, and improvement of HIV-infection status.
Lara Maria Alencar Ramos Innocentini, Alisson Henrique Teixeira, Luciana Assirati Casemiro, Matheus Carrijo Andrade, Tatiane Cristina Ferrari, Hilton Marcos Alves Ricz, and Leandro Dorigan de Macedo
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Introduction Epidemiological studies focused on prognostic factors associated with laryngeal cancer in the Brazilian population are poorly reported in the literature. Objective To evaluate the influence of certain risk factors on the survival rates of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the larynx. Methods This retrospective study was conducted on adult patients who were admitted to the outpatient clinic of the head and neck department in a tertiary care hospital. Evaluation of the influence of risk factors on the survival rates of patients registered in the hospital with laryngeal SCC was performed based on age, sex, initial stage, time of evolution, habits, educational levels and relapse and death. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and clinical-demographic data were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, Log-rank test and Cox regression. Results A total of 107 patients with a mean age of 59.8 years (range 19–81) were included in this study. Stages III and IV were associated with decreased DFS (p = 0.02) and OS (p = 0.02). Smoking patients had a greater period of disease evolution than non-smoking patients (p = 0.003). Alcohol consumption in smokers increased the risk of death by 2.8 (p = 0.002) compared with non-drinking smokers. Male patients presented lower DFS average when compared with female patients (p = 0.04). Conclusion Our study confirms that male gender, smoking habit combined with alcohol consumption, and advanced stages were strongly associated with poor prognosis.
Yasmin Yamanaka, Maurício Yamashita, Lara M. A. Innocentini, Leandro D. Macedo, Fernando Chahud, Alfredo Ribeiro-Silva, Ana Maria Roselino, Maria José A. Rocha, and Ana Carolina Motta
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Abstract: A great number of lichenoid lesions have overlapping clinicopathological features, so the use of adjunct tests to establish definitive diagnosis is recommended for correct management and prognosis of the lesions. In this context, direct immunofluorescence (DIF) can be a useful tool. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the clinical, histopathological, and DIF pattern in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and patients with oral lichenoid lesions (OLLs). Patients with OLP and patients with OLL were characterized and compared with patients with mucous membrane pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, and fibrous hyperplasia through a cross-sectional study. Patients with OLP (n = 30) and patients with OLL (n = 26) were mostly white women in the fifth decade of age, with reticular lesions mainly on the buccal mucosa. All patients with OLP and half of the patients with OLL showed liquefaction degeneration at the basal cell layer and a band-like lymphocytic infiltrate in the subepithelial tissue. Twenty-two patients with OLP (73.3%), 10 with OLL (38.4%), 25 with mucous membrane pemphigoid (96.1%), and all with pemphigus vulgaris (100%) had positive DIF. There was no positive DIF in patients with fibrous hyperplasia. The most frequent DIF pattern in patients with OLP and patients with OLL was linear fibrinogen at the basement membrane zone, and a logistic regression model for positive DIF found statistically significant difference in OLP versus OLL (odds ratio, 3.73; confidence interval, 1.23–11.38). Although clinical and histopathological features are sufficient for diagnosing most of the patients with OLP and OLL, DIF is a key tool in differentiating some lichenoid lesions and could improve the diagnosis of OLP and OLL, especially in lesions showing typical clinical and histological features of OLP.
Tábata Larissa S. Pólvora, Átila Vinícius V. Nobre, Camila Tirapelli, Mário Taba, Leandro Dorigan de Macedo, Rodrigo Carvalho Santana, Bruno Pozzetto, Alan Grupioni Lourenço, and Ana Carolina F. Motta
Informa UK Limited
ABSTRACT Introduction: Current studies show that, even in the era of antiretroviral therapies, HIV-1 infection is associated with more severe and frequent refractory chronic periodontitis. Areas covered: This review, based on a systematic analysis of the literature, intends to provide an update on factors that may be involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease in HIV-1-infected patients, including local immunosuppression, oral microbial factors, systemic inflammation, salivary markers, and the role of gingival tissue as a possible reservoir of HIV-1. Expert commentary: The therapeutic revolution of ART made HIV-1 infection a chronic controllable disease, reduced HIV-1 mortality rate, restored at least partially the immune response and dramatically increased life expectancy of HIV-1-infected patients. Despite all these positive aspects, chronic periodontitis assumes an important role in the HIV-1 infection status for activating systemic inflammation favoring viral replication and influencing HIV-1 status, and also acting as a possible reservoir of HIV-1. All these issues still need to be clarified and validated, but have important clinical implications that certainly will benefit the diagnosis and management of chronic periodontitis in HIV-1-infected patients, and also contributes to HIV-1 eradication.
GA Rodrigues, NP Qualio, LD de Macedo, LMAR Innocentini, A Ribeiro-Silva, NT Foss, MAC Frade, and ACF Motta
Wiley
Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, a bacillus that has a tropism for skin and peripheral nerves. Leprosy treatment is based on a multidrug therapy established by the World Health Organization in 1982 and, despite its widespread use, Brazil ranks second worldwide in numbers of cases. Oral involvement in leprosy has been poorly described in the literature, and few studies have shown that although the bacillus is found in mucosa, specific leprosy lesions are rare and affect patients with advanced stages of the disease. This review aimed to assess the literature on oral manifestations in leprosy and the aspects involving oral cavity in leprosy pathogenesis.
Ana Carolina Fragoso MOTTA, Leandro Dorigan de MACEDO, Gisele Guimarães SANTOS, Carlos Tostes GUERREIRO, Tatiane FERRARI, Thais Feitosa Leitão de OLIVEIRA, Paulo Sérgio da Silva SANTOS, Christiano de OLIVEIRA-SANTOS, Hilton Marcos Alves RICZ, Samuel Porfírio XAVIER,et al.
FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) who received intravenous or oral bisphosphonates (BP) were selected for determination of their bone microarchitecture as a risk predictor of BRONJ development. The diagnosis of BRONJ was made based on clinical and radiographic findings. The control group consisted of healthy patients. All patients underwent quantitative and qualitative ultrasound measurements of bone at the hand phalanges carried out using the DBM Sonic BP. Ultrasound bone profile index (UBPI), amplitude-dependent speed of sound (AD-SoS), bone biophysics profile (BBP), and bone transmission time (BTT) were measured. The BRONJ group consisted of 17 patients (62 ± 4.24; range: 45-82); 10 (58.8%) were male and seven (41.1%) were female, of whom 11 (64.7%) suffered from multiple myeloma, three (17.6%) from osteoporosis, one (5.8%) from prostate cancer, one (5.8%) from kidney cancer, and one (5.8%) from leukemia. Fourteen (82.3%) of them received intravenous BP whereas three (17.6%) received oral BP. Nine (9/17; 52.9%) patients developed bone exposure: two in the maxilla and seven in the mandible. Regarding quantitative parameters, Ad-SoS was low in the BRONJ group, but not significant. The UBPI score was significantly reduced in BRONJ patients with exposed bone when compared to controls (0.47 ± 0.12 vs. 0.70 ± 0.15; p = 0.004). The present study demonstrated that quantitative ultrasound was able to show bone microarchitecture alterations in BRONJ patients, and suggests that these analyses may be an important tool for early detection of bone degeneration associated with BRONJ.
Helena de Freitas Oliveira Paranhos, Antônio Eduardo Sparça Salles, Leandro Dorigan de Macedo, Cláudia Helena da Silva-Lovato, Valéria Oliveira Pagnano, and Evandro Watanabe
FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
This study compared the levels of biofilm in maxillary and mandibular complete dentures and evaluated the number of colony-forming units (cfu) of yeasts, after using auxiliary brushing agents and artificial saliva. Twenty-three denture wearers with hyposalivation and xerostomia were instructed to brush the dentures 3 times a day during 3 weeks with the following products: Corega Brite denture dentifrice, neutral liquid soap, Corega Brite combined with Oral Balance (artificial saliva) or tap water. For biofilm quantification, the internal surfaces of the dentures were disclosed, photographed and measured using a software. For microbiological analysis, the biofilm was scrapped off, and the harvested material was diluted, sown in CHROMagar™ Candida and incubated at 37°C for 48 h. Data were analyzed statistically by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). Mandibular dentures presented a mean biofilm percentage (µ=26.90 ± 21.10) significantly greater than the maxillary ones (µ=18.0 ± 15.0) (p<0.05). Brushing using Corega Brite combined with Oral Balance (µ=15.87 ± 18.47) was more effective (p<0.05) than using the denture dentifrice (µ=19.47 ± 17.24), neutral soap (µ=23.90 ± 18.63) or tap water (control; µ=32.50 ± 20.68). For the microbiological analysis, the chi-square test did not indicate significant difference between the hygiene products for either type of denture. The more frequently isolated species of yeasts were C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. glabrata. In conclusion, mandibular dentures had more biofilm formation than maxillary ones. Denture brushing with Corega Brite dentifrice combined with the use of Oral Balance was the most effective method for reduction of biofilm levels, but the use of products did not show difference in yeast cfu counts.
Antônio Eduardo S. Salles, Leandro D. Macedo, Roseana A. G. Fernandes, Cláudia H. Silva-Lovato, and Helena de F. O. Paranhos
Wiley
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study was to compare and correlate biofilm levels in complete upper and lower prosthesis after brushing, associated with specific paste and soap, by means of computerised methodology.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Forty-five complete denture wearers were selected and instructed to brush their prostheses (Soft Oral B 40) three times a day for 3 weeks with water (Control), specific paste for complete dentures (Corega Brite) (Experiment 1) and neutral soap (Experiment 2). The study was based on a cross-over model and a wash-out period was not included. For biofilm quantification, the internal surfaces were dyed (neutral red 1%), photographed (Canon EOS Digital) and the disclosed biofilm was measured with the Image Tool 2.0 software. The products were assessed by means of a questionnaire regarding their hygiene properties and acceptance.
RESULTS
The variance analysis indicated that the lower prostheses exhibited a mean biofilm percentage, significantly higher than the upper prostheses and that brushing with paste (Experiment 1) was more effective than soap (Experiment 2) and, in turn, this was more effective than water (Control). There was a high biofilm correlation (Pearson correlation) between both prostheses. Both products were well accepted by the patients, but the most favoured one was the paste.
CONCLUSIONS
This was effective in controlling the biofilm and can be used preventatively in the maintenance of oral health by wearers of complete dentures. This is important where the lower prosthesis can harbour microorganisms which may act as a reservoir for other areas of the mouth and thus enhance the importance of proper hygiene.
Helena de Freitas Oliveira Paranhos, Claudia Helena Lovato da Silva, Giovana Cherubini Venezian, Leandro Dorigan Macedo, and Raphael Freitas de Souza
Wiley
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to evaluate biofilm distribution over internal and external surfaces of upper complete dentures. It was also aimed at assessing the effect of oral hygiene instructions before and after home use of a disclosing solution.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The sample consisted of 29 complete denture wearers whose upper prostheses were evaluated. Surface biofilm was disclosed by means of a 1% neutral red solution and quantified with regard to internal and external surfaces. Oral hygiene information was provided on an individual basis. During the second stage, an amount of disclosing solution was given for domestic use.
RESULTS
Internal and external surfaces presented a similar amount of biofilm, which was concentrated over the area of the posterior teeth area, palatal rugae and the internal vestibular incline of the distobuccal flange. This pattern was maintained during the study. However, overall amounts were reduced following denture hygiene information. The use of disclosing solution by subjects at home resulted in a further reduction.
CONCLUSIONS
It was concluded that biofilm deposits were similar over assessed surfaces, regardless of the type of procedure but irregular areas presented greater amounts. Oral health instruction was effective in reducing the biofilm, in particular when associated with home use of a disclosing agent.