MADHU B M

Scopus Publications

Performance Enhancement of Epoxy Glass Fiber Cores of HTLS Conductors Using Carbon Nanofillers/ATH Additives
Madhu Bilugali Mahadevaswany, Rashmi Aradhya, Anandraj Shetru Nagarajappa
Macromolecular Symposia, 2026
Epoxy glass fiber nanocomposites reinforced with carbon nanofillers have garnered significant attention due to their improved functional capabilities, making them a desirable choice for an array of applications. This study investigates the effect of graphene and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes combined with aluminum trihydrate fillers on the mechanical and thermal performance of epoxy glass fiber cores used in high temperature low sag conductors. The inclusion of aluminum trihydrate and nanofillers significantly enhanced the properties of the composite, as evidenced by a reduction in the coefficient of linear expansion from 2.99 × 10 − 6 to 2.05 × 10 − 6 , improved dimensional stability, and increased density from 2.2 to 2.24 g/cm 3 . Thermal endurance tests at 150°C and 200°C for 1 and 2 h demonstrated negligible discoloration and no cracking in aluminum trihydrate (ATH) ‐modified cores, while cores without ATH exhibited cracking under prolonged exposure. Mechanical testing revealed a substantial improvement in ultimate tensile strength (UTS) from 32.17 kN (400.18 MPa) to 67.68 kN (839.01 MPa), an increase in the glass transition temperature (T g ) from 119°C to 133.65°C, and enhanced flexural strength from 61.82 to 73.31 MPa. These results highlight the superior thermal and mechanical performance of epoxy glass fiber cores reinforced with carbon nanofillers and ATH, making them suitable for high‐temperature, high‐stress applications in high‐temperature low‐sag (HTLS) conductors. Further studies are needed to investigate long‐term aging effects and optimize these composites for extended service life.
Development of PLA-ZnO Nanocomposites for Food Packaging Applications
Rashmi Aradhya, Lalithamba H.S., Madhu B.M., Sheshashayan, Pramath S.
Macromolecular Symposia, 2026
Vegetables and fruits are widely consumed and highly perishable commodities, developing effective packaging materials essential to extend their shelf life while maintaining quality and safety. A Packing material with excellent tensile strength is eco‐friendly, non‐toxic, and better alternative to polyethylene material. The present work explores the utilization of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles embedded within Polylactic Acid (PLA) as an innovative packaging material. The PLA is used in a wide range of applications, such as health care, implants, memory devices, food packaging, and tissue engineering, because it is biodegradable in nature. The addition of ZnO into PLA enhances electrical, mechanical, anti‐UV, and antibacterial properties. The PLA‐ZnO composites were prepared by the solution‐blending method. The Tensile strength and modulus of PLA‐ZnO nanocomposites increase as compared with the virgin PLA. The results from electrical properties exhibit a significant enhancement in dielectric constant and a decrease in dissipation factor of the nanocomposite. In addition, antibacterial results show that the prepared nanocomposite films exhibit strong antimicrobial ability at very low ZnO addition. The results demonstrate that the novel nanocomposites could be a good candidate material for food packaging applications.
Filler Loading-Dependent Electrical, Thermal, and Mechanical Performance of Epoxy-TiO2 Nanocomposites
Rashmi Aradhya, B M Madhu
Journal of Macromolecular Science Part B Physics, 2026
Epoxy-TiO2 nanocomposites with varying filler loadings (2–7 wt.%) were developed to investigate the interfacial-interaction between microstructural features and multifunctional properties for electrical insulation applications. A key novelty of this study lies in correlating free-volume characteristics, obtained via positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, with dielectric, electrical, thermal, and mechanical behavior. The results reveal that TiO2 incorporation reduces free volume, leading to enhanced interfacial polarization and charge transport. A significant improvement in dielectric constant and AC conductivity is observed at low filler loading (2 and 5 wt.%), beyond which the enhancements diminish due to nanoparticle agglomeration and reduced interfacial effectiveness. Thermal analysis indicates a modest increase in glass transition temperature. The heat deflection temperature, thermal conductivity, and thermal stability increase with an increase in filler loading, while mechanical properties show improved stiffness due to strengthened interfacial interactions. Suitable mathematical models were used to correlate the experimental results of tensile strength and flexural strength with theoretical calculations. These findings establish a good structure–property relationship governed by filler loading and interfacial effects, identifying an optimal composition (5 wt.%) for balanced electrical, thermal, and mechanical performance. This work provides new insight into the role of free volume and good interfacial-interaction in developing Epoxy-TiO2 nanocomposites for electrical insulation applications.
Thermal Aging Analysis and Predictive Modeling of Epoxy Nanocomposites Characteristics
Madhu B. M., Rashmi Aradhya, Suma P.
Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology, 2026
This study investigates the thermal aging of glass fiber reinforced epoxy nanocomposites, focusing on chemical degradation mechanisms and the mitigating role of thermal conductivity for high‐temperature low‐sag conductor core applications. Composites with hybrid nanofillers containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and aluminum trihydrate were aged at 120°C and 160°C for 3000 h. Thermal aging induced chemical degradation, with a 10‐fold increase in oxidation rate at 160°C due to chain scission. Carbonyl formation and hydroperoxide intermediates were formed in the composites. Tensile strength reduction of 8.6% in base composites is observed compared to 6.5% in the nanocomposite with hybrid nanofillers. Hybrid nanofillers reduce degradation by limiting oxygen diffusion, cooling the matrix, and stabilizing Tg, outperforming literature‐reported reductions of 7%–12% for similar composites. Thermal conductivity, modeled using Maxwell–Garnett, shows an enhancement of 40%–60% with nanofiller content and 10%–20% in the Bruggeman model. This slows heat diffusion, further mitigating aging. Transient heat flow analysis confirmed a 20%–30% longer diffusion time enhancing thermal stability. The nanocomposite retained 474.56 MPa tensile strength post‐aging, meeting high‐temperature low‐sag (HTLS) conductor standards. These findings elucidate the interplay between thermal aging, chemical degradation, and thermal conductivity, highlighting the potential of hybrid nanofillers for durable HTLS applications.
Investigating Percolative AC Conductivity in Hybrid Carbon-Epoxy Composites through Electrical and Optical Techniques
B.M. Madhu, Rashmi, P Suma
IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2026
Carbon nanoparticle reinforced polymer nanocomposites have emerged as promising multifunctional materials due to their enhanced unique functional properties. In this study, hybrid epoxy–glass fiber nanocomposites incorporating multiwalled carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets were fabricated using a scalable pultrusion technique with varying nanofiller loadings. The AC electrical conductivity was evaluated over a wide frequency range of 10 Hz–8 MHz, while optical characteristics were investigated using UV–Vis spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The influence of carbon nanofillers on AC conductivity, absorption coefficient, and optical band gap energy was systematically examined. The AC conductivity followed classical percolation theory, revealing a percolation threshold of 1 wt.% for hybrid nanofillers, lower than individual fillers, indicating a strong synergistic effect. The formation of an interconnected three-dimensional conductive network significantly enhanced conductivity from the insulating regime (~10⁻⁷ S/m) to 1.86 S/m at 1 kHz, corresponding to an improvement of nearly six orders of magnitude. Frequency-independent conductivity plateaus at low frequencies suggested semiconducting behavior consistent with Jonscher’s power law. Optical studies demonstrated a concentration-dependent change in absorption coefficient and a red shift in the absorption edge with increasing nanofiller content. Tauc analysis showed a reduction in optical band gap energy from 3.1 eV for pristine epoxy to 2.95 eV for hybrid systems, attributed to defect-induced localized states and improved charge transport pathways. XRD results confirmed the predominantly amorphous nature of epoxy matrix with characteristic graphene-related diffraction peaks. The UV-Vis spectra show a significant shift in the absorption peak with increasing concentration of carbon nanoparticles. The findings of this study have implications for the development of novel nanocomposites with enhanced performance for a variety of applications, including electronics and energy storage.
Low frequency dielectric analysis for understanding water absorption characteristics of epoxy nanocomposites
Rashmi Aradhya, B. M. Madhu, J. Sundara Rajan
Polymer Composites, 2025
Nanocomposites are versatile multifunctional engineering materials. For electrical applications, diminishing water diffusion and optimization of electrical properties are challenging. Low frequency dielectric measurements are preferred for the assessment of water diffusion because of the dominant low frequency response in the presence of water. Epoxy composites with organically modified montmorillonite of 2, 5, and 7 wt% are investigated. Filler at 5 wt% is observed to be optimal, with a 28% reduction in the diffusion coefficient. Higher filler content decreases the real permittivity due to interfacial polarization, and water diffusion for 240 h reveals minimal filler dependence of real permittivity. The relaxation peak of imaginary permittivity occurs at 0.08 Hz at 5 wt%, and at higher frequencies in other composites due to changes in the filler matrix interactions and electrical conductivity. Water diffusion tends to decrease imaginary permittivity. AC conductivity is not influenced by the filler and it ranges from 10−10 to 10−9 S/m over 10−4 Hz–1 kHz, and its variations with water diffusion at lower frequencies are not significant. The differences in the nanocomposites are confirmed using FTIR analysis. The multi‐core water shell model is correlated to the variations observed in the dielectric properties of the nanocomposites. The utility of low frequency dielectric analysis is demonstrated for the assessment of water diffusion. Key application areas of low frequency dielectric analysis are the estimation of water diffusion mechanisms and it is an enabler of the development of data analytics using machine learning for improving the quality of nanocomposites.Highlights 5 wt% OMMT addition offers optimal water barrier performance in epoxy composites. Surface‐modified OMMT enhances filler distribution and interfacial adhesion. Dielectric loss peaks shift to 0.08 Hz at 5 wt% filler content. AC conductivity remains stable at 10−10–10−9 S/m across frequencies. Low‐frequency dielectric analysis accurately models water absorption.
Design and Optimization of Wireless Power Transfer System with Resonant Converter
Madhu B M., Sindhu K
International Conference on Emerging Technologies in Electronics and Green Energy Iceteg 2025, 2025
The present research work includes the design and implementation of a high-efficiency resonant power converter for wireless power transfer. This is developed with a series-parallel Class D topology that has been optimized to minimize the loss in power and maximize energy transfer efficiency. The proposed system is operated at a resonant frequency of 5 M H z, wherein the transmitter and receiver coils were used with an inductive coupling mechanism having mutual inductance of 3.7 \mu H to transmit the power. The main goal is to provide energy transfer through non-radiative near fields with a high probability of efficient and adaptive energy transfer under varying load conditions. The system uses MOSFET-based high-frequency switching with inductor-capacitor(LC) resonant circuitry to ensure impedance matching and resonance tuning. The experimental results show an average power transfer efficiency of ~ 90% with a DC output of 5 V, 1 A, 4.52 W, which could be used for charging mobile devices. The coupling conditions were simulated, and an embedded microcontroller-based data acquisition system was implemented for real-time monitoring of the voltage, current, and efficiency. Voltage regulation was maintained at ± 2% of the output across different operating scenarios. Thus, the real-time monitoring along with resonant power conversion technique makes this research scalable and practically viable for a wireless power transfer. The developed system was successfully implemented for wireless mobile phone charging, demonstrating its feasibility for consumer electronics applications while ensuring high efficiency and stable operation.
Enhancement of electrical conductivity and band gap of epoxy/MWCNT/GNP/glass fibers hybrid materials
Madhu B M, Rashmi Aradhya
Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 2025
Polymer composites containing carbon nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention because of their special functional characteristics. Characterization of optical and dielectric characteristics was done. To comprehend the impact of nanofillers, dielectric characteristics, UV–Vis spectroscopy, XRD, and Fourier transform spectroscopy were employed. The role of carbon fillers on metrics, such as band gap energy, absorption coefficient, and dielectric characteristics of nanocomposites was examined to differentiate between the effects of nanofillers. The AC conductivity is explained following the classical percolation theory. The percolation threshold is discovered to be 1 wt.% of a hybrid system of nanofillers consisting of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The presence of carbon nanofillers significantly enhances the electrical conductivity of the nanocomposites. The optical band gap energy of nanocomposites was obtained from the Tauc method. The study establishes the relationship between band gap energy and AC conductivity using Tauc's relation and Jonscher's power law. The results show that the band gap energy of composites decreases with the addition of hybrid nanofillers, with values observed at 2.65 eV and 2.95 eV, while without fillers of 3.1 eV and 3.05 eV attributed to increased localized states within the bandgap. Composites with nanofillers show an AC conductivity of 1.86 S/m at 1 wt% of nanofillers, compared to 1.52 × 10−6 S/m and 1.09 × 10−6 S/m for composites without nanofillers. The UV–Vis spectra reveal a significant blue shift in the absorption peak when the weight percentage of carbon nanoparticles is increased. The findings of this study point toward the possibilities of the development of novel nanocomposites with enhanced performance for electronics and energy storage.
Study of Nanocomposites for Food Packaging Applications: An Overview
Rashmi Aradhya, B. M. Madhu
Springer Proceedings in Materials, 2025
Vision Assistance System for Visually Impaired
Madhu BM, Sanket Raj, Sayan Das
International Conference on Smart Systems for Applications in Electrical Sciences Icsses 2025, 2025
This initiative, “Vision Assistance System for Visually Impaired”, is designed to help individuals with visual impairments by delivering real-time text processing and object recognition through sophisticated image processing technologies. The system utilizes a camera to take pictures of the user's environment, which are then analyzed according to the user's preference for either text recognition or object identification. The entire setup is powered by a “Raspberry Pi”, which functions as the primary microcontroller responsible for managing image processing, providing audio feedback, and overseeing overall system operations. For text processing, the system leverages “Optical Character Recognition (OCR)” using the “Tesseract OCR Library” to extract text from captured images. The detected text is then transformed into speech with the help of “Text-to-Speech (TTS) Synthesis”, allowing users to hear the content of printed materials. This enables visually impaired individuals to independently access books, signs, and documents. The system's capability for “object detection” is realized through “TensorFlow's Object Detection API”, which identifies various objects in the surroundings and delivers real-time “audio feedback” regarding their presence and location. This combined functionality-text reading and object detection-renders the system a flexible and scalable solution, improving the independence and mobility of visually impaired individuals in daily life.
Impact of organically modified montmorillonite clay nanofiller on free volume and electrical properties of the composites
R. Aradhya, M. B M, Sundara Rajan Jagannathan
Materials Research Innovations, 2025
Assessment of water diffusion in epoxy composites: a novel approach towards holistic understanding
Rashmi Aradhya, Madhu B M, Sundara Rajan J
Advanced Composite Materials, 2025
Optimized BIST Architecture for Logic Circuit Testing using Low-Power and Area-Efficient mod-GDI Technique
Y. G. Praveen Kumar, B. S. Kariyappa, B. M. Madhu, C. S. Hemanth Kumar, Ashwini S. Shivannavar, Abdolreza Darabi
IETE Journal of Research, 2025
Development and Characterization of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate-Graphene Nanocomposites
Madhu Bilugali Mahadevaswamy, Rashmi Balasubramanya
Macromolecular Symposia, 2024
Hydrothermal aging of glass fiber epoxy-carbon nanocomposites and its service life predictions based on tensile strength
Madhu B M, Rashmi Aradhya, Sundara Rajan J.
Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology, 2024
Simulation study of Effects of Alumina Nanoparticle Interactions in Polymer Matrix
Rashmi Aradhya, B.M. Madhu
International Conference on Smart Systems for Applications in Electrical Sciences Icsses 2024, 2024
Impact of TiO2nanofiller on Electrical and Mechanical properties of Epoxy nanocomposites
Rashmi Aradhya, B.M. Madhu
International Conference on Smart Systems for Applications in Electrical Sciences Icsses 2024, 2024
Impact of water diffusion on electrical properties of epoxy nanocomposites
Madhu Bilugali Mahadevaswamy, Rashmi Aradhya, Sundara Rajan Jagannathan
Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 2024
Electric Circuit Modeling of Impedance Spectroscopic Characteristics of GFRP Nanocomposites with Hybrid Carbon Nanofillers
B. M. Madhu, Rashmi, R. R. N. Sailaja, Rajan J. Sundara
Foundation and Growth of Macromolecular Science Advances in Research for Sustainable Development, 2024
An insight into the effect of carbon nanofillers in glass fibre epoxy nanocomposites through dielectric spectroscopy
Madhu Bilugali Mahadevaswamy, Rashmi Aradhya, Sundara Rajan Jagannathan, Sailaja Bhattacharya
Fullerenes Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures, 2024
Effect of thermal ageing on electrical, mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced polymer and its impact on service life
Madhu Bilugali Mahadevaswamy, Rashmi Aradhya, Sundara Rajan Jagannathan
International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization, 2023
Design and Implementation of Cruise Control for Bikes using Raspberry PI
Madhu B.M., Sakcham Somvanshi, Mansi Ramsinghani, Punith N, Sumit Kumar
International Conference on Smart Systems for Applications in Electrical Sciences Icsses 2023, 2023
The effect of MWCNT and GNP on the Flame Retardant Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Composites
Rashmi ., B. M. Madhu``, Poornima ., J. Sundara Rajan
Journal of Mines Metals and Fuels, 2022
Comparative Study on the Effect of Aluminium Trihydrate and Carbon Nanofillers on Thermal Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites
B. M. Madhu, Rashmi ., R. R. N. Sailaja, J. Sundara Rajan
Journal of Mines Metals and Fuels, 2022
Effect of hybrid carbon nanofillers at percolation on electrical and mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced epoxy
Madhu Bilugali Mahadevaswamy, Rashmi Aradhya, Sailaja Bhattacharya, Sundara Rajan Jagannathan
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2022
Combined effect of multiwalled carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and aluminum trihydride on the thermal stability of epoxy composites
Madhu B. M., Rashmi, Sailaja R. R. N., Sundara Rajan J
Polymer Composites, 2022
Effect of Hybrid Fillers on GFRP Epoxy Composites with Water Immersion and Thermal Conditioning
Rashmi Balasubramanya, R. R. N. Sailaja Bhattacharya, Madhu B. M.
Macromolecular Symposia, 2021
Analysis of Epoxy Nanocomposites Characteristics by Impedance Spectroscopy
Rashmi, R. R. N. Sailaja, B. M. Madhu
Macromolecular Symposia, 2021
IoT based Automatic Attendance Management System
B.M Sri Madhu, Kavya Kanagotagi, Devansh
International Conference on Current Trends in Computer Electrical Electronics and Communication Ctceec 2017, 2018
Design of actuation control unit with ultra capacitors as the embedded energy back up for electro-mechanical applications
K R Ramya, B M Madhu
2017 International Conference on Energy Communication Data Analytics and Soft Computing Icecds 2017, 2018
Design of actuation control unit with EDLC capacitors as the embedded energy back up for mechatronic applications
K. R. Ramya, B. M. Madhu
Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems Iciccs 2017, 2017
Wireless interface of servo motors using potentiometers via Bluetooth module and RF
Ankit Gourav, Madhu B M, Prince Kumar
Proceedings of the 2016 2nd International Conference on Applied and Theoretical Computing and Communication Technology Icatcct 2016, 2017
Pre-regulated Current fed Push Pull Converter for Hybrid energy Systems
Ananda, B M Madhu
2016 International Conference on Computation of Power Energy Information and Communication Iccpeic 2016, 2016
Implementation of improved Robust Energy Efficient Routing protocol
B.M. Madhu, C B Abhilash
Proceedings of 2014 International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics Ic3i 2014, 2014

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