Dynamic Hydraulic Conductivity and Seasonal Clogging of Filters in Small Earth Dams: Al-Wand Earth Dam as a Case Study Israa Abd Aljabbar Shaker, Maysam Th. Al-Hadidi, Riyadh Z. Azzubaidi Journal of Engineering Iraq, 2026 The seasonal variation in the level of the river influences the quantity of water that these dams can contain. In this study, the effect of changing the water level of the river on the stability and performance of a filtration system at a small earth dam is evaluated for a period of 10 years. The article discusses the influence of alternate droughts and heavy rain periods on dam water storage and highlights that hydraulic conductivity is not constant, as is usually considered in leakage studies. Specifically, the study focuses on the Al-Wand Earth Dam. The study analyzed the daily water pressure data from 2015 to 2025 using GeoStudio (SEEP/W). The research was carried out in four steps: data gathering, computer modelling, seasonal decomposition, and validation calculations. This process showed considerable differences between the theoretical assumption of continuous permeability and the actual situation in the field. Thus, a hydraulic analysis was carried out and divided into two seasonal models: winter/filling and summer/low water level. The results showed remarkable long-term accuracy with cumulative Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency values of 98 % for the winter model and 95 % for the summer model. Importantly, the study observed that the effective permeability at summer low water levels reduced by nearly 88% relative to the design values, a substantial departure from the safety limits.
Assessing the Accuracy of NASA POWER Data in Estimating Weather Variables (Precipitation and Temperature) for Khassa Chai River Watershed Alaa Jasim Mohammed, Basim Sh. Abed, Maysam Th. Al-Hadidi Journal of Engineering Iraq, 2026 This study intends to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of satellite data from the NASA POWER project in capturing important climatic variables, which are precipitation and air temperature, compared with data collected from the National Climate Data Center (NCDC) ground-based weather stations located in the Khassa Chai River basin. The basin has a topographic gradient beginning on the northeastern highlands and sloping towards the southwest. The Khassa Chai River Basin experiences a semi-arid climate, with hot, dry summers and relatively cold and wet winters. Daily precipitation and temperature records (2010–2024) were collected from four weather stations, in addition to records from the NASA POWER recording at the nearest grid points. To evaluate the reliability of the datasets from NASA POWER, this study used several relevant statistical indicators (i.e., the coefficient of determination (R²), correlation coefficient (CC), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), mean bias error (MBE), and root mean square error (RMSE)) at daily, monthly, and yearly time scales. The analysis of precipitation indicated an excellent fit between the NASA POWER satellite data and in-situ data. For monthly comparison, the R² was 0.89, and the CC was 0.94, while for annual comparison, the R² was 0.81, and the CC was 0.88. Overall, the fit improved with longer time scales, which indicates the ability of the satellite data to accurately capture precipitation trends over time. The range of NSE values from 0.72 to 0.87 also reinforces the ability of the data to reproduce precipitation changes over time.
Simulation of the Seepage in the Foundations of Haditha Earth Dam Ola. M. Suad, Maysam. T.r Al-Hadidi Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 2025 Seepage through earthen dam foundations is a critical factor for their stability and performance. This study aims to quantify the seepage in the foundations of the Haditha Dam in Iraq and identify effective methods for mitigating it. The finite element method (FEM) with GeoStudio software was applied to model the seepage, validated with field data, demonstrating high accuracy (mean error (ME) of 0.847, RMSE of 0.9165, and model efficiency (EF) of 90.26%). Results showed a 17.89% increase in seepage over the past two decades, highlighting the need for effective strategies. Different materials, thicknesses, and installation locations were tested to assess their impact on reducing seepage and improving foundation stability. Nano-cement injection along the 5 cm thick asphalt membrane was highly effective in reducing permeability by 96.13%. The experimental tests confirmed the theoretical results, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Additionally, the study highlighted the economic benefits of using locally produced materials over imported ones, ensuring long-term structural and economic advantages. These results show that the techniques significantly reduce seepage and enhance foundation stability, providing a sustainable solution.
Analysis of Seepage in the Foundation of Haditha Dam During the Last Decades Ola Mohammed Suad, Maysam Thamer Al-Hadidi Journal of Engineering Iraq, 2025 Seepage under earthen dams is considered a major factor in their stability. Statistics showed that 40% of dam failures are caused by foundation seepage. In this study, the finite element method was used to calculate the amount of seepage under (Haditha Dam, located on the Euphrates River. A simulation model was created for each decade, and the seepage amount was calculated for three decades. The results showed a match in the values and that the amount of seepage between the first and second decades increased by (0.000022 m3/s) or (7.62%). Seepage increased between the second and third decades by (0.000056 m3/s) or (17.89%). This increase is considered small for three decades and does not affect the dam's stability. Therefore, with climate change and the decline in water supply sources, it is necessary to address this issue and find the best solution.
IMPROVEMENT OF EXPANSIVE SOIL BY USING FIBER GLASS _SILICA FUME MIXTURE Alyaa Radhi Mehsin, Adnan Mohammed, Maysam Al-Hadidi, Firas Ghrari Kufa Journal of Engineering, 2025 A fiber glass -silica fume and silica fume (SF) mix (F-SF) have been employed in this study in order to enhance and relate their effects on the expansive soil. Bentonite (B) was added with natural soil in a lab at a ratio of 50% by soil dry weight to create the soil used in this study. The (SF) was added alone at (8,9,10,11,12, and 13) % and 1 % of Fiber glass (F) was added to the (clay soil - SF) mixture. For both treated and untreated soil, odometer, shear box, and swelling tests were used to examine the behavior of the soil after the addition of (SF) and (F-SF) mixture. From the outcome of the experimental tests, we noticed that (SF) reducing both comparison index (Cc), reloading index (Cr), and swelling percentage (SW)%. Also, it is influenced on shear strength parameters by decreasing cohesion (c) and increasing internal angle friction (φ). As well as adding 1 % (F) to the (clay soil - SF) mixture modify the prepared soil by reducing (Cc), (Cr), (SW) % and increasing (c, φ). Based on all of the above results, we concluded that adding (SF) and (F-SF) mix. can enhance the engineering characteristics of swelling soil.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SHEET PILES AS A SEEPAGE CUTTER OFF: AL-KIFIL REGULATOR AS A CASE STUDY Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 2024
Numerical Analysis of the Stability of Bridge Foundation Pile under Earthquakes Effect Ail Adnan Khalaf, Maysam Th. Al-hadidi Journal of Engineering Iraq, 2023 This study was chosen because of the entry of our regions into the seismic zone recently, where Diyala governorate was hit by the Halabja earthquake in 2017 by 7.3Mw. Therefore, the impact of earthquakes will be studied on the AL-Mafraq bridge foundations piles located in Iraq- east of Baghdad in Diyala Governorate and the extent of its resistance to the Halabjah, EL-Centro, and Kobe earthquakes with acceleration 0.1g, 0.34g, and 0.58g respectively. After modeling and performing the analysis by using Midas Gts-Nx software, the settlement (mm) results at nine nodes (four nodes for the pile cap and five nodes for the piles) were obtained for each of Halabjah, EL-Centro, and Kobe earthquakes to know the resistance of the bridge foundation and which intensity leads to the failure happen. After conducting the analysis, I found the maximum settlement is equal to 11.95 mm with a time of 443 sec at node 3 resulting from the Halabjah seismic, and 49.47 mm from the EL-Centro seismic with a time of 254 sec at node 3. They are within the allowable limits of settlements, but the maximum settlement resulting from the Kobe earthquake equals 359.9 mm with a time of 565 sec at node 3. So, the Kobe earthquake led to failure in the pile's foundation Halabjah earthquake and Centro did not affect the stability of the pile's foundation, Based on Terzaki's theory 1943.
The Simulation of Seepage Through the Foundations: Hilla Canal Main Regulator as Case Study Ruaa Mahdi, Maysam Th. AI-Hadidi E3s Web of Conferences, 2023 This abstract describes a study on the Hilla Canal regulator using the SEEP/W program. The study aims to simulate and validate hydraulic head values obtained from the field. It provides information about the soil properties and mesh sizes used in the simulation and the governing equation used in the SEEP/W program. The simulation results are presented in the form of observed and simulated hydraulic head statistical and computational data, including RMSE, ME, and Maximum Relative Error. The study concludes that the model's performance is good, with an efficiency of 99.999%, and that the comparison of observed and simulated hydraulic head values confirms the model's validity. Overall, the study demonstrates the accuracy and applicability of the SEEP/W program for modeling hydraulic systems.
