Mochamad Donny Koerniawan
@itb.ac.id
Department of Architecture, School of Architecture Planning, and Policy Development
Institute of Technology, Bandung
RESEARCH INTERESTS
urban thermal comfort, thermal comfort, walking comfort, building performance, sustainable city, liveable city
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Rizki A. Mangkuto, Tommy Partogi Simamora, Desliana Putri Pratiwi, and Mochamad Donny Koerniawan
Elsevier BV
Atthaillah, Rizki A. Mangkuto, M. Donny Koerniawan, Sarith Subramaniam, and Brian Yuliarto
Elsevier BV
Zhaza Afililla, Mahendra Pujiyanto, Lucia Tri Suwanti, Mochamad Donny Koerniawan, Eko Agus Suyono, Arief Budiman, Ulfah Juniarti Siregar, and Heni Puspitasari
A and V Publications
Indonesia is a country with a large marine and has a very high biodiversity of microalgae. Previous research has identified mixed microalgae from Glagah Beach, Yogyakarta, and several beaches in East Java. This study aims to extract polysaccharides and assessed the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from those microalgae. Polysaccharides of Spirulina platensis, a mixed microalgae Glagah, and a mixed microalgae East Java were extracted by the alkaline method. The extraction rate and protein and carbohydrate content of polysaccharides of each of microalgae were calculated. The antioxidant activity of polysaccharides was observed in vitro using the DPPH assay method. The highest extraction rate was obtained from Glagah microalgae followed by S. platensis and East Java microalgae with values of 13.575%, 9.75%, and 2.375%, respectively. On the other hand, the carbohydrate content of the polysaccharides from Glagah microalgae was the lowest, followed by S. platensis and East Java microalgae, 1.2 mg/mL, 13.33 mg/mL, and 21.925 mg/mL, respectively. The protein content in polysaccharides from Glagah microalgae was the highest, followed by East Java microalgae and S. platensis the lowest, 2.23 mg/mL, 1.01 mg/mL, and 0.67 mg/mL, respectively. Based on the results of IC50 values, the antioxidant activity of mixed microalgae polysaccharides from Glagah and East Java was included in the active/moderate category, 125.21 µg/mL and 127.11 µg/mL, respectively, while the antioxidant activity of polysaccharide S. platensis was low, 171.82 µg/mL. In conclusion, Glagah and East Java Microalgae Polysaccharides have the opportunity to be promoted as health ingredients to overcome free radicals.
Sri Rahma Apriliyanthi, Tomonori Sakoi, Akhlish Diinal Aziiz, Tetsu Kubota, Muhammad Nur Fajri Alfata, Fefen Suhendi, Mochammad Donny Koerniawan, and Takeshi Nakaya
EDP Sciences
Behavioural adaptation is a fundamental factor in thermal comfort. Clothing insulation, opening windows, and integrating cooling systems within buildings are key to ensuring thermal comfort while conserving energy. This study collected behavioural adaptation data from 3000 Indonesian adults who regularly worked indoors. The results indicate that the thermal acceptability is in a similar range for all groups separated by residence space type despite the dominant thermal conditioning measure in each group is different. Based on ISO 9920, the typical clothing ensembles were determined for each group, and their clo-values were estimated. Office workers tended to wear more garments than factory workers, while at home, people wear light clothes. Therefore, the estimated clo-value in home are much lower compare to the workplaces clo-value. Clo-value in the workplaces with AC tends to show a higher value compared to naturally ventilated building. Clo-value for female is also higher than male. In general, AC usage in the office was higher than in factories and homes. Females tends to use more AC than Males. These differences reflect variety of socioeconomic and cultural aspects in public and private in Indonesia.
Fathina Izmi Nugrahanti, M. D. Koerniawan, S. Wonorahardjo, D. Larasati, and I. Sudrajat
IOP Publishing
Abstract In this digital era, information technology really helps the process of designing and designing a more efficient, durable, high-performance building. After the pandemic, indoor air quality (IAQ) becomes an important issue since human spend most of the time indoor, which can impact their well-being in the long term. Ventilation is considered as one of the effective strategies in order to control IAQ. However, airflow and pollutant transport are a complex mechanism, therefore it is hard to understand only by experimental method. Advance information technology nowadays can help predict the building air quality from the early design stage. This paper aims to discuss various building simulation models and the popular software used. The basic principles of three models, multizone, zonal, and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models are explained, following with their advantages and limitation. By comparing the simulation ability, accuracy, computational cost, simulation time, user skill requirement, and visual user interface, architect and researcher can choose the right simulation model according to their needs, in designing building which emit less pollutant and provide enough ventilation for contaminants discharge.
Ethan Josiah Effendy, Fahmi Nur Hakim, Atthaillah, Rizki A. Mangkuto, Mochamad Donny Koerniawan, and Dhafira Ramadhani
IOP Publishing
Abstract This study evaluates and optimizes daylighting performance in a hypothetical classroom located in Lhokseumawe, Indonesia. The classroom daylighting performance is represented by the metrics aUDI250-750lx, sDA300/50%, and ASE1000,250. Under the baseline conditions, poor daylighting performance was revealed as indicated by a low aUDI250-750lx value and a high ASE1000,250h value. To obtain good daylighting performance, this study utilized a computational simulation method using Rhinoceros, Grasshopper, and Honeybee Plus platforms. Optimization is conducted using Opossum with the RBFOpt algorithm. The optimization result suggests the building envelope design parameters and external shading device design which results in a better natural lighting performance as indicated by the increase of aUDI250-750lx value at about 45%, the sDA300/50% value remaining at around 94%, and the ASE1000,250h value has decreased by 14% compared to the baseline condition of the classroom.
V Soebiyan, M D Koerniawan, and S Triyadi
IOP Publishing
Abstract Green building has aspects which one is referred to the energy efficiency. Energy consumption is mainly due to mechanical ventilation (MV) therefore it is the key to building energy efficiency. The utilization of hybrid ventilation (HV) by incorporating natural ventilation (NV) into the ventilation system has the potential to save energy. Humid tropics has high temperature and humidity causing uncomfortable thermal condition. It poses a challenge to utilize ventilation systems in this climate effectively. This study examines the potential of HV in humid tropical climates related to research methods and HV strategies applied. The literature review was carried out on a number of papers Scopus based indexed which investigated HV extensively associated with humid tropical climates. Some references were collected from several sources to find case studies. Only several studies were conducted on HV in humid tropical climates. Mainly the research was carried out on thermal comfort, efficiency, and HV strategies with a numerical simulation that focuses on improving NV capabilities.
Angga Puja Asiandu, Andhika Puspito Nugroho, Ahmad Saifun Naser, Brilian Ryan Sadewo, Mochamad Donny Koerniawan, Arief Budiman, Ulfah Juniarti Siregar, Lucia Tri Suwanti, and Eko Agus Suyono
King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang
Media and pH are two crucial factors in microalgal cultivation. Industrial wastewater such as tofu wastewater can be utilized as alternative media for growing microalgae like Euglena sp. to produce biomass as feedstock in biorefinery activities. Here, we evaluated combinations of tofu wastewater (L) consisting of 0% (L1), 75% (L2), and 100% (L3) with pH (P) levels consisting of 5.0 (P1), 5.5 (P2), 6.0 (P3), 6.5 (P4), and 7.0 (P5). The analyses were carried out on the growth kinetics, biomass, primary metabolite compounds, and pigments of Euglena sp. Based on the study, the combinations with the highest cell density, biomass, maximum carbohydrate content, maximum lipid content, and protein content were L2P2 (23.13x105 cells/ml), L2P1 (4.53±0.17 mg/ml), L1P5 (0.93±0.02 mg/ml), L2P1 (1.27±0.11 mg/ml), and L3P4 (256±26.86 ppm), respectively. Moreover, the combinations with the highest chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and carotenoid were L2P4 (33.53±0.13 mg/l), L2P2 (17.73±0.50 mg/l), and L2P2 (11.65±0.00 mg/l), respectively. The addition of tofu wastewater combined with specific pH level enhanced the growth and biomass composition of Euglena sp. (P<0.05), with the exception of carbohydrate content. Additionally, each biochemical component of Euglena sp. had a different optimum combination of tofu wastewater and pH level. However, this wastewater can potentially be used as an alternative medium for cultivating this microalga in order to cut the production costs of biorefinery activity.
Yan Wang, Yuan Su, and M. Donny Koerniawan
Springer Nature Singapore
, Rizki A. Mangkuto, M. Donny Koerniawan, Jan L.M. Hensen, Brian Yuliarto, , , , , and
SolarLits
Despite its potential, daylighting strategies in school classrooms in the tropical climate regions is little explored in the literature. The use of two-sided or bilateral daylight opening, as well as the self-shading mechanism using sloped walls, are currently seen as potential strategies to achieve good daylighting in tropical buildings. This study thus aims at exploring and optimizing self-shading design possibilities for creating daylight-friendly, tropical elementary school classrooms with bilateral openings, by means of sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. Design parameters such as façade orientation, window-to-wall ratio, window elevations, wall slopes, interior surface reflectance and glazing transmittance are considered in the model of a hypothetical, typical classroom without shading devices. Climate-based daylight metrics such as UDI250-750 lx, sDA300/50% and ASE1000,250 are utilized as the performance indicators. Computational modelling with Honeybee [+] in Rhinoceros/ Grasshopper platform is employed to conduct the annual daylight simulation. Multi-objective optimizations using genetic algorithms (GA) through Octopus with SPEA-2 algorithms are performed to determine the optimum design solutions following the sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. The slope and WWR of the wall that faces west, southwest, south, or southeast, has the strongest influence on the defined objective function that includes all daylight metrics. To achieve the optimum daylight performance, design of the opposing window façades of school classrooms with bilateral openings should not be identical.
Mahendra Pujiyanto, Zhaza Afililla, Lilik Maslachah, Thomas Valentinus Widiyatno, Mochamad Donny Koerniawan, Eko Agus Suyono, Arief Budiman, Ulfah Juniarti Siregar, and Lucia Tri Suwanti
Universitas Airlangga
Highlight Research One of the content of microalgae that is beneficial for health is polysaccharides Polysaccharides of Indonesian microalgae can be promoted as anti-malarial Polysaccharides from Glagah, Spirulina and East Java microalgae inhibited the growth of plasmodium in vitro and had IC50 values of 3.18 µg/mL, 5.43µg/mL and 9.87 µg/mL, respectively Abstract Malaria is an infectious disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium that categorized as deadliest diseases in the world. Artemisinin and its derivatives are still recommended drugs for malaria therapy, however, there have been indications that Plasmodium parasites are resistant to this drug. Therefore, a study on polysaccharides from microalgae may be a potential as bioactive compound for anti-malaria. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the mixed microalgae polysaccharides as anti-malarial in vitro. Polysaccharides were extracted from three microalgae Spirulina sp., mixed microalgae Glagah and mixed microalgae East Java using the alkaline extraction method. The anti-malarial activity test refers to the concentration of polysaccharides used in calculating the IC50 value by probit analysis. The concentration of polysaccharides of the three microalgae used were 0; 0.01; 0.01, 1, 10 and 100 µg/mL. The results showed that the IC50 values of polysaccharides of Glagah, Spirulina sp. and East Java microalgae were 3.18 µg/mL, 5.43µg/mL, and 9.87 µg/mL, respectively. In Conclusion, polysaccharides of Indonesian mixed microalgae can be promoted as anti-malarial.
Fauzan Alfi Agirachman, Michihiko Shinozaki, Mochamad Donny Koerniawan, and Aswin Indraprastha
MDPI AG
In recent years, researchers in the architecture field have explored VR technology for various purposes in the architectural design process. Current efforts have supported the growing knowledge of VR utilization, specifically for the architectural design review process. In this study, we adapt the affordance concept from the ecological psychology study to add further evidence on VR utilization for the design review process. This study aims to develop an affordance-based design review method in architectural design by utilizing immersive VR technology. It sits at the crossroads of architecture design, virtual reality, and affordance research. This project aimed to create an affordance-based review method framework, a VR system to support the method, test both the method and the VR system, and assess the VR system’s effectiveness as a companion system for the affordance-based design method process. The study was conducted in the scope of architectural education settings only. It used a third-year architectural design studio course as a case. This study confirms that the affordance-based design review method using virtual reality helps students improve their design work. The method reveals the presence of positive and negative affordances in their work. It also shows the differences between a student and supervisor in perceiving the affordances for reviewing design works.
M Iqbal Maulana Ginting, Eko Agus Suyono, Mochammad Donny Koerniawan, Lucia Tri Suwanti, Ulfah Juniarti Siregar, and Arief Budiman
Universitas Gadjah Mada
This experimental research was performed to observe the influence of an agricultural liquid organic fertilizer called Bio Ferti on the growth and biomass of Spirulina platensis, aiming at replacing inorganic fertilizer with the liquid organic one. The cultivation of the microalgae was conducted over seven days at Nogotirto Algae Park. The liquid organic fertilizer, namely Bio Ferti, was obtained from the Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, and prepared to have doses of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mL. For comparison, an inorganic fertilizer with the same doses was also prepared. The variables to be observed were cell density, dry cell weight, and growth kinetics. The culture medium conditions observed were temperature, pH, and salinity (the optimum salinity was 20 ppt). The growth kinetic analysis was performed mathematically using numerical simulations using the Contois and the Haldane models. This research’s results showed that Bio Ferti affected the growth rate of Spirulina platensis. With a dose of 2 mL, it became the optimum medium which produced the highest density and dry weight of 1.78x106 cells/mL and 160 mg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the inorganic fertilizer with a dose of 10 mL produced the highest density and dry weight of 2,13x105 and 80 mg/mL, respectively. The temperature ranged from 28 to 31°C, while the pH ranged from 8.01 to 9.02 for each medium. The suitable model to describe the growth kinetics of Spirulina platensis was the Haldane model.
Didit Novianto, Mochammad Donny Koerniawan, Munawir Munawir, and Dian Sekartaji
Elsevier BV
Atthaillah, R. A. Mangkuto, M. Koerniawan and F. Soelami
ABSTRACT
This study investigated twenty-two (22) state elementary schools, regarding daylight annual illuminance in the classrooms, using climate-based daylight modelling (CBDM) metrics. This is due to the missing information on the annual daylight performance inside the classroom in Indonesia. Over 250 classrooms were assessed using Rhinoceros and Grasshopper computational platforms. Furthermore, Daysim simulation engine was employed through the advantage of Ladybug tools to connect and automate the simulation workflow parametrically. Since there were no prior studies using CBDM metrics for daylight assessment of classrooms in the Indonesian context, the illuminance range from 250 to 750 lux was taken as the target for the annual useful daylight illuminance (UDI), as suggested in the Indonesian daylighting standard. Result shows 35 classrooms under the good daylight performance, 171 classrooms in sufficient category and 50 others under unsatisfactory of annual illuminance. The most sensitive contributors are both corridor and back shading depth with Spearman correlation of -0.70 and -0.76 respectively. The strong sensitive variables both has p-values lower than 0.05 which indicates statistically significant for the model.
Atthaillah, Rizki A. Mangkuto, Mochamad Donny Koerniawan, and Brian Yuliarto
MDPI AG
External shading devices are an important design feature in tropical buildings, particularly for climate mitigation. However, the interaction between the depth and elevation of the shading devices and their impact on indoor daylight performance is not fully understood, especially for the case of tropical buildings with bilateral openings. This study therefore aims to evaluate the design possibilities of external shading devices with various depth and elevation in terms of daylight performance for the case of tropical school classrooms with bilateral openings in an Indonesian city. A computational simulation method using Radiance is utilized to perform annual daylight metrics calculations. Geometry, material, and simulation settings are prepared using the Ladybug tool under Grasshopper for four building orientations, namely 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°. Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses are conducted for all design combinations. The results show that the interaction between a shading device’s depth and elevation is unique, depending on the building orientation and the availability of direct sunlight. In general, shading elevation is more influential, compared to shading depth, on the observed daylight metrics and the combined objective functions at all orientations.
E Habibah, E A Suyono, M D Koerniawan, L T Suwanti, U J Siregar, and A Budiman
IOP Publishing
Abstract The study of microalgae is widely developed on a laboratory scale. The large-scale applications of microalgae such as large photo-bioreactors or commercial ponds are not well established due to some obstacles. The high cost of artificial lighting in microalgae cultivation is one of the obstacles. Markedly, the natural sunlight intensity is high every month for a whole year in Indonesia. This natural sunlight may serve as a low-cost lighting source for microalgae cultivation in a tropical country such as Indonesia. However, the basic knowledge of whether the natural sunlight in Indonesia is sufficient or not for microalgae cultivation is poorly understood. This study was performed to investigate whether sunlight in Indonesia, particularly in Yogyakarta, is sufficient or not for microalgae cultivation in the absence of artificial lighting. The sun lighting period data from January 2019 to June 2020 were collected from BMKG (Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika) website. The sun lighting period data were converted into solar radiation data. The Liliefors test was performed to evaluate the distribution of the solar radiation data. To confirm whether the sun lighting in Yogyakarta is sufficient for microalgae cultivation or not, the parametric statistical test namely single sample T-test was used in this study. The Liliefors test showed that solar radiation in Yogyakarta (January 2019 to June 2020) was normally distributed. The calculated Liliefors value (0.14) was less than Liliefors table value (2.00). The T-test results revealed that the solar radiation in Yogyakarta is equal to or higher than the sufficient solar radiation (reference) for microalgae cultivation (795 kWh/m2). The calculated t value (0.65) was higher than the t table value (-1.74). When taken together, our findings suggest that natural sunlight in Yogyakarta is sufficient as a lighting source for microalgae cultivation.
Vincent Timotius, Eko Agus Suyono, Lucia Tri Suwanti, Mochamad Donny Koerniawan, Arief Budiman, and Ulfah Juniarti Siregar
Malaysian Society for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
Euglena sp. is a freshwater microalgae producing beneficial metabolites in its biomass but the cultivation is not optimal yet for mass scale. The cultivation can be optimized with oxidative stress treatment like salinity. Salinity as an oxidative agent has a great role in maintaining optimum cellular metabolic rate so Euglena sp. growth can be optimal increasing lipid production for biodiesel and in carotenoid and chlorophyll as cell defense pigments that are beneficial in health. In this research, Cramer-Myers medium is used under 10 g/L (gram per liter) (0.281 M), 20 g/L (0.563 M), 30 g/L (0.845 M), and 0 g/L salinity level treatments in 7 days as the growth medium. Based on the research result, it shows that cell density decreases while biomass content, lipid content, chlorophyll content, and carotenoid content increase with salinity treatment in Euglena sp. culture with the optimal result met in 10 g/L salinity level treatment. Therefore, Euglena sp. culture with 10 g/L salinity level treatment can increase growth and metabolite production of Euglena sp. for biodiesel and pharmacy needs.
Rendy Perdana Khidmat, , Hiroatsu Fukuda, Beta Paramita, M. Donny Koerniawan, Kustiani Kustiani, , , , ,et al.
SolarLits
This paper presents parametric and multi-objective optimization (MOO) approach in optimizing daylight and energy consumption by incorporating louvres shading devices depicting three different sky conditions: Birmingham, UK, Jakarta, Indonesia, and Sydney, Australia. The study aims to observe the best louvre design configuration for each given context. The proposed optimization system iterates the logic of the louvre shading device as the dynamic design parameters such as overhang, blade size, spacing, and blade rotation, together with the room orientation to achieve maximum useful daylight illuminance (UDI) and the shading aperture while simultaneously reduces energy consumption. A total of 8509 simulations for three cities have been run and distributed for the purpose of this research. The results of MOO stated an improvement in UDI for Birmingham, Jakarta, and Sydney of 80%, 146.26%, and 79.48%, and cooling energy consumption of 28%, 3.26%, and 2.99% respectively.
T M A Soelaiman, A U Paramitasari, M D Koerniawan, N Victoryka, A Santoso, H W Poerbo, and W Kartidjo
IOP Publishing
Abstract Since the establishment of the Low-Carbon Model Town (LCMT) Task Force in 2010, many projects have been conducted by Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), and one of them was held in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. In 2017, a Feasibility Study as a dissemination program of LCMT APEC was carried out in Banda Aceh, one of the volunteer towns proposed by the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resource because of the readiness of the city government to develop the city. Banda Aceh government has committed to be an energy conscious and greenest city in Indonesia by 2034, with several policies and action plans made, although the low carbon concept was not explicitly explained and stated. However, there are several findings from the feasibility study conducted that indicated a difference between the readiness of Banda Aceh city government and its community, especially the residential buildings users. This study is conducted to find out whether the government’s efforts and vision to implement the low carbon concept are in line with the awareness or knowledge possessed by local residents. Three steps were carried out as the methodology of this study, including literature study from APEC Low-Carbon Town Indicator (LCT-I), secondary data analysis from programs, policies and action plans prepared by city government, and survey through questionnaire to the local residents in four locations. The result then examines the readiness of the people in Banda Aceh and later on determines which LCT principles are suitable for Banda Aceh city, particularly for residential areas. Based on the study, the supply is one of the concerns, as the untapped and renewable energy is still underutilized. While the government plan and social dissemination has been held through several projects/regulations, the practice of Banda Aceh’s people at home in handling the energy usage has not reflected the energy saving principles.
Rahayu Dian Eka Putri, Yano Surya Pradana, Mochamad Donny Koerniawan, Lucia Tri Suwanti, Ulfah Juniarti Siregar, Arief Budiman, and Eko Agus Suyono
Malaysian Society for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella sp. are prominent microalgae that are generally used for natural pigment stocks. These species have been established as producer of valuable bio compounds such as chlorophyll, carotenoids, and astaxanthin. For this research, C. vulgaris and Dunaliella sp. were cultivated in mixed culture under nitrogen stress treatments. Total four treatments at distinct nitrate concentrations of 0.012, 0.025, 0.5 NaNO3 g/L, respectively including nitrogen starvation was incorporated in this study. Nitrogen limitation and nitrogen starvation are widely used techniques to manipulate metabolic pathways into secondary pigments biosynthesis in microalgae cells. In addition, spectrophotometric measurement was conducted to investigate every single pigment content in all four treatments of distinct nitrogen concentrations for 14 days. The highest chlorophyll-a (23.65 mg/L), chlorophyll-b (10.02 mg/L), and total carotenoids (7.61 mg/L) were obtained from mixed culture with a concentration of 0.025 g/L NaNO3 in the last period cultivation. Conversely, the highest content of astaxanthin (0.6 mg/L) in mixed culture of C. vulgaris and Dunaliella sp. in the last period cultivation was achieved from starvation of nitrogen as well. The microalgae demonstrated robust growth in the presence of diverse bacterial community in the culture. It is well known that microalgae are associated with the microbiota on its phycosphere biofilm. Yet, it is unclear which specific bacteria taxa have a role in supporting or inhibiting microalgae growth.
Atthaillah, Rizki A. Mangkuto, and Mochamad Donny Koerniawan
Springer Singapore