Pre-clinical Outcomes of Plant-based Male Oral Contraceptive: A Critical Review Swati Wadhawan, Anurag Chaudhary, Vishal Kumar Biswkarma, Mandeep Kumar Arora, Sameksha Koul Current Bioactive Compounds, 2026 This current review provides a thorough examination of the potential of plant-based chemicals as effective male contraceptive treatments by synthesizing results from several preclinical investigations. The established literature highlights the urgent requirement for male contraceptive strategies that are safe, effective, and reversible, considering the drawbacks and difficulties of current options. The need for male contraceptive research and the inherent drawbacks of available solutions are also covered in this review. It clarifies the possible benefits of plant-based contraceptives by emphasizing their natural source, expected safety profile, and low side effect rate. In this review, 49 plants evaluated for male oral contraceptive action are discussed. PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases are used for the literature search. This review explores the complex pathways, including hormone regulation, spermatogenesis suppression, sperm motility interference, and sperm maturation disruption, by which plant-based chemicals may have contraceptive effects. Pre-clinical investigations have examined a wide range of plant-derived substances, including flavonoids, anthraquinones, glycosides, alkaloids, phenolics, diterpenes, triterpenes, tannins, saponins, steroids, and phytosterols, among other phytochemical families. Every phytochemical is thoroughly examined, including its botanical origins, phytoconstituents, native name, and unique effects on male fertility. Results from research conducted on animals are methodically summarised in this study, including information on the effectiveness, dose, delivery methods, and reversibility of contraceptive effects. Furthermore, the discussion includes findings from in vitro research, emphasizing the possible influence on sperm parameters (sperm production, deformation, count, viability, and motility), reproductive hormones (testosterone level), thickness and diameter of seminiferous tubules (ST) as well as spermatocytes and secondary spermatocytes, Sertoli cells (SCs), and Leydig cell (LCs). According to the assessment, male contraceptives made of plants have a lot of potential as a future weapon in the arsenal of contraceptives. Preclinical research has shown the safety, effectiveness, and reversibility of several plant-derived drugs, which offers a solid basis for more investigation and advancement. However, there are still a lot of obstacles to overcome, like standardizing plant extracts, guaranteeing uniform effectiveness, and carrying out thorough safety evaluations. This review emphasizes the significance of undertaking well-designed clinical studies to validate pre-clinical findings, creating standardized formulations for consistent outcomes, and resolving regulatory issues as well as ethical considerations for human use to progress this subject.
Gastrointestinal adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a pharmacovigilance analysis of the EudraVigilance and VigiAccess databases Syed Arman Rabbani, Atul Khurana, Mohamed El-Tanani, Mandeep Kumar Arora, Shrestha Sharma, et al. Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2026 BACKGROUND This study aimed to provide an overview of gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) using two pharmacovigilance databases, EudraVigilance and VigiAccess. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data was collected from the date of ICI's marketing authorization until 30 November 2023. Reporting odds ratio (ROR) was used as a measure of ADR reporting disproportionality for signal detection. RESULTS Overall, across both databases, EudraVigilance and VigiAccess, a total of 76,606 ADR reports were analyzed. In EudraVigilance, colitis (12,581) and diarrhea (12,108) were the most reported GI adverse events, with similar findings in VigiAccess. Furthermore, in both databases, the most ADR reports were associated with nivolumab and pembrolizumab. Durvalumab (ROR:3.96,95%CI:3.65-4.28), ipilimumab (ROR:1.95,95%CI:1.89-2.01), nivolumab (ROR:1.05,95%CI:1.02-1.07), and atezolizumab (ROR:1.04,95%CI:1.01-1.07) demonstrated higher risks of GI events compared to other ICIs. EudraVigilance analysis identified dysphagia, ascites, hematochezia, and gastroesophageal reflux disease as potential signals associated with ICI therapy. Majority of ADR reports (87.2%) comprised serious GI adverse events, a portion of which was associated with fatal outcomes (14.5%). Atezolizumab (14.9%) and pembrolizumab (11.9%) were linked to a higher incidence of fatal outcomes compared to other ICIs. CONCLUSION The differential risk profiles of ICIs-associated-GI adverse events underscore the importance of personalized therapy in oncology.
Structural Characterization, In Vitro Antidiabetic Activity, and Molecular Docking Studies of Isolated Compounds From Allamanda cathartica Ritu Tomar, Shashank Shekher Mishra, Vivek Sahu, Jagannath Sahoo, Mandeep K. Arora, et al. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 2025 Allamanda cathartica is a perennial shrub, traditionally used for the treatment of several ailments, including jaundice, malaria, and enlargement of the spleen. Besides ornamental values, the plant also possesses a wide variety of medicinal properties due to the presence of bioactive secondary metabolites of different chemical classes. The present work describes the phytochemical investigation of the leaf part of A. cathartica, which resulted in the isolation of five secondary metabolites (ACL 1–5) of different classes, including β‐sitosterol (ACL‐1), β‐sitosterol glucoside (ACL‐2), ursolic acid (ACL‐3), plumieride (ACL‐4), and pinitol (ACL‐5). The compound ACL‐5 was reported for the first time from the species. All the compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2D NMR, and HRMS spectral analysis. Further to the plant extract, all the fractions and five isolated compounds were screened for in vitro α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase activity. The isolated compounds exhibited notable inhibitory activity against carbohydrate‐hydrolyzing enzymes. For α‐amylase inhibition, IC50 values ranged from 522.95 to 662.67 µg/mL, with plumieride showing the highest potency at a concentration of 522.95 µg/mL and pinitol acetate the lowest at 662.67 µg/mL. Similarly, for α‐glucosidase inhibition, IC50 values ranged from 576.82 to 691.12 µg/mL, where plumieride again demonstrated the strongest activity at 576.82 µg/mL and pinitol acetate the lowest at 662.67 µg/mL. In support, all isolated compounds were taken further for molecular modelling studies to observe the rationale of our in vitro studies. Therefore, this work concludes that the isolated compounds ACL‐4 and ACL‐5 have demonstrated strong antidiabetic potential, with ACL‐4 having a somewhat more powerful antidiabetic effect than ACL‐5, according to both in vitro and docking experiments.
Impact of Maternal Road Traffic Noise Exposure on Hippocampal Spatial Memory and Neurogenesis of Sprague Dawley Offspring: Therapeutic Effects of Edaravone, Melatonin, and Enriched Environments Vishal Kumar Biswkarma, Anurag Chaudhary, Mandeep Kumar Arora Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, 2025 Introduction: Mental problems are associated with early neonatal and in utero exposure to maternal stress. With established negative impacts on mental health and cognitive function, road traffic noise (RTN) has emerged as a ubiquitous environmental stressor. In this work, we have examined the effects of maternal exposure to RTN on the development of neurogenesis and spatial memory in the hippocampus (HC) of offspring and investigated possible strategies for mitigating these effects. Method: During the prenatal maturation stage, female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats that were determined to be pregnant were exposed chronically to 100 dB SPL (sound pressure level) RTN for six hours per day. The Morris water maze and elevated plus maze tests were used to evaluate the neurobehavioral performances of the offspring. The oxidative stress and neurogenesis in the HC were evaluated using 2% 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining, HC histopathology, and biochemical methods (SOD: superoxide dismutase, GSH: glutathione, CAT: catalase, as well as TBARS: thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, MPO: myeloperoxidase, and AChE: acetylcholinesterase), respectively. Additionally, we looked at the potential therapeutic benefits of melatonin, edaravone, and an enriched environment. Result: The results of our investigation showed that maternal exposure to 100 dB SPL RTN considerably reduced the offspring's spatial memory and caused distress. The biochemical estimation of HC tissue supernatant revealed a considerable increase in MPO, AChE, and TBARS levels and a marked reduction in SOD, CAT, and GSH levels. However, there were notable protective effects against these unfavorable outcomes due to the administration of melatonin and edaravone, as well as from being exposed to an enriched environment. Discussion: In our study, prenatal exposure to 100 dB SPL RTN caused oxidative stress, which caused neurodegeneration, as well as decreased spatial memory and induced anxiety, being consistent with previous findings. In particular, compared to offspring of the 100 dB SPL RTNexposed group, offspring of the maternally treated EDV and MLT combination groups showed superior spatial memory function, reduced anxiety, and increased neurogenesis. Conclusion: The findings of our study have offered promising pathways for public health policies and urban planning concerns, as well as useful insights into the development of tailored therapies to safeguard against the cognitive and neurological repercussions of maternal RTN exposure.
Comparative study between pH, time and colonic bacterial enzyme triggered polymers for colonic delivery of coated ketoprofen multi-particulates Debaprasad Ghosh, Ashu Mittal, Mandeep Kumar Arora Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2025 BACKGROUND In this study, we aimed to prepare, evaluate, and compare drug-loaded pellets of ketoprofen coated with different triggering mechanisms for colonic delivery. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare Eudragit S100 and Eudragit L100 based pH-dependent, hydroxypropyl cellulose and ethyl cellulose-based time-dependent and high methoxylated pectin and ethyl cellulose-based colonic bacterial enzymatic degradation-dependent coatings over drug-loaded pellets for most efficient colon targeting. METHODS Any possible drug-polymer interactions were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Drug-loaded pellets were prepared using powder layering technology. Different batches of coated pellets were prepared for in vitro evaluation, and optimized batches were selected. These optimized batches were investigated for surface topography by scanning electron microscopy and for colon targeting efficiency by in vivo X-ray roentgenography and gamma scintigraphy studies in white New Zealand rabbits. RESULTS The drug and polymers were found to be compatible. The prepared coated multi-particulates exhibited favorable micrometric properties. In vitro dissolution studies showed that the polysaccharide pectin high methoxylated and ethyl cellulose-coated optimized batch limited drug release to 16.724 ± 1.124% in the upper gastrointestinal tract and released up to 91.556 ± 3.144% in the colon following zero-order Korsmeyer-peppas super case-II transport (mean dissolution time 36.1779 h). Scanning electron microscopy analysis confirmed the surface characteristics of the pellets before and after dissolution. In vivo studies in New Zealand white rabbits using X-ray roentgenography and gamma scintigraphy demonstrated the optimized batch's gastrointestinal transit and colon targeting efficiency. CONCLUSION Statistically, the polysaccharide-based formulation showed promising results for targeted drug release in the colon.
Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease Mohit Agrawal, Manmohan Singhal, Bhupendra Gopalbhai Prajapati, Hema Chaudhary, Yash Jasoria, et al. Alzheimer S Disease and Advanced Drug Delivery Strategies, 2023
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Anthropogenic noise exacerbates artificial light at night-induced reproductive behavior deficits in male rats: ameliorative effect of melatonin N Neha, MK Arora, J Singh, D Kumar, A Jangra Biological Rhythm Research 57 (4), 282-297 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Pre-clinical Outcomes of Plant-based Male Oral Contraceptive: A Critical Review S Wadhawan, A Chaudhary, VK Biswkarma, MK Arora, S Koul Current Bioactive Compounds 22 (3) , 2026 2026
LDH-driven lactic acidosis in hygpoxic solid tumors: Mechanism of metaststic transformation and therapeutic oppertunities P Kumar, S Rastogi, MK Arora, L Singh Pathology- Research and Practice 278, 156342 , 2026 2026
Structural Characterization, In Vitro Antidiabetic Activity, and Molecular Docking Studies of Isolated Compounds From Allamanda cathartica R Tomar, SS Mishra, V Sahu, J Sahoo, MK Arora, SK Rath Chemistry & Biodiversity 22 (12), e01183 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Effect of Source and Degree of Esterification of High Methoxyl Pectin on Oral Colon-Targeted Multiparticulated Delivery of Otilonium Bromide D Ghosh, A Mittal, MK Arora ACS omega 10 (32), 36481-36495 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Comparative study between pH, time and colonic bacterial enzyme triggered polymers for colonic delivery of coated ketoprofen multi-particulates. D Ghosh, A Mittal, MK Arora Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 1 (1), 1–14 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
CURCUMIN-SULINDAC (CUR-SUL) CONJUGATE NANOPARTICLESAND THE METHOD FOR THEIR PREPARATION Shavej, A Behera, MK Arora IN Patent 202,511,032,519 , 2025 2025
BERBERINE CHLORIDE AND PHLOROGLUCINOL LOADED CHITOSAN MICROSPHERES FOR THE AMELIORATION OF DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY R Singh, U Rai, S Shilpi, MK Arora IN Patent 202,511,031,600 , 2025 2025
Chitosan based microspheres loaded with Trans-Resveratrol (TR) and Phloroglucinol (PHG) and method for preparation thereof C Babu, U Rai, S Shilpi, MK Arora IN Patent 202,511,031,602 , 2025 2025
THERAPEUTIC ALLAMANDA CATHARTICA LEAVES EXTRACTS-LOADED PHYTOEMULSIONS AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF R Tomar, J Sahoo, SK Rath, SS Das, SS Mishra, V Sahu, MK Arora IN Patent 202,511,006,590 , 2025 2025
Impact of Maternal Road Traffic Noise Exposure on Hippocampal Spatial Memory and Neurogenesis of Sprague Dawley Offspring: Therapeutic Effects of Edaravone, Melatonin, and … VK Biswkarma, A Chaudhary, MK Arora Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry , 2025 2025
A pH-sensitive gelatin-coated gold nanoparticle formulation loaded with nitroglycerine and a method S Khan, S Rastogi, AK Dubey, MK Arora, Lakhveer IN Patent 202,511,105,436 , 2025 2025
A pH-sensitive lipid-based solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) formulation incorporating curcumin quantum Shahnawaz, S Rastogi, AK Dubey, MK Arora, Lakhveer IN Patent 202,511,106,088 , 2025 2025
Instrument For Intranasal Delivery of Powder and Liquid Dosage Forms in Laboratory Animals A Uniyal, GT Kulkarni, G Varshney, MK Arora, A Kiksu IN Patent 202,511,103,012 , 2025 2025
A nanogel formulation for wound healing andmethod for its preparation P Kumar, MK Arora, S Shilpi, GT Kulkarni IN Patent 202,511,093,686 , 2025 2025
A digital Instrument and a method for measuring the angle of repose of powders or granule GT Kulkarni, V Sahu, MK Arora, A Bhardwaj, P Modanwal IN Patent 202,511,087,566 , 2025 2025
A curcumin-glutaric anhydride 6-aminocaproic acid conjugate nanoparticles and method for it preperation Vanshika, A Behera, MK Arora IN Patent 202,511,057,868 , 2025 2025
An apparatus and a method for assessing motivational states and motor skill development in juvenile. A Kisku, V Sahu, MK Arora, R Tomar, A Bhardwaj, P Modanwal IN Patent 202,511,051,395 , 2025 2025
A FILM COMPOSITION FOR WOUND HEALING AND THE METHOD FOR ITS PREPARATION V Sahu, MK Arora, R Tomar, C Kumar, SK Rath, BA Sharma, A Pandey, ... IN Patent 202,511,028,179 , 2025 2025
Navigating Patient Satisfaction: A Qualitative Insight into Healthcare Delivery during the COVID-19 Pandemic. SH Saeed, MMH SingHal, MH SHannawaz, MK ARORA Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research 19 (1) , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy: an update MK Arora, UK Singh Vascular pharmacology 58 (4), 259-271 , 2013 2013 Citations: 362
Discovery, development, and patent trends on molnupiravir: a prospective oral treatment for COVID-19 M Imran, M Kumar Arora, SMB Asdaq, SA Khan, SI Alaqel, ... Molecules 26 (19), 5795 , 2021 2021 Citations: 247
Oxidative stress: meeting multiple targets in pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy M Kumar Arora, U Kumar Singh Current drug targets 15 (5), 531-538 , 2014 2014 Citations: 125
Pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy: involvement of multifaceted signalling mechanism P Balakumar, MK Arora, J Reddy, MB Anand-Srivastava Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology 54 (2), 129-138 , 2009 2009 Citations: 121
Recent advances in pharmacotherapy for diabetic nephropathy: current perspectives and future directions P Balakumar, MK Arora, SS Ganti, J Reddy, M Singh Pharmacological Research 60 (1), 24-32 , 2009 2009 Citations: 121
The low dose combination of fenofibrate and rosiglitazone halts the progression of diabetes-induced experimental nephropathy MK Arora, K Reddy, P Balakumar European journal of pharmacology 636 (1-3), 137-144 , 2010 2010 Citations: 78
Combined therapy with ivermectin and doxycycline can effectively alleviate the cytokine storm of COVID-19 infection amid vaccination drive: A narrative review SK Sharma, P Bhatt, SMB Asdaq, MK Alshammari, A Alanazi, ... Journal of Infection and Public Health 15 (5), 566-572 , 2022 2022 Citations: 72
Hypoxia induced lactate acidosis modulates tumor microenvironment and lipid reprogramming to sustain the cancer cell survival L Singh, L Nair, D Kumar, MK Arora, S Bajaj, MM Gadewar, SS Mishra, ... Frontiers in Oncology 13, 69 , 2023 2023 Citations: 66
Emerging role of PPAR ligands in the management of diabetic nephropathy P Balakumar, MK Arora, M Singh Pharmacological research 60 (3), 170-173 , 2009 2009 Citations: 62
Amelioration of Diabetes-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy by Aloe vera : Implication of Oxidative Stress and Hyperlipidemia MK Arora, Y Sarup, R Tomar, M Singh, P Kumar Journal of dietary supplements 16 (2), 227-244 , 2019 2019 Citations: 60
Lactate acidosis and simultaneous recruitment of TGF-β leads to alter plasticity of hypoxic cancer cells in tumor microenvironment S Rastogi, SS Mishra, MK Arora, G Kaithwas, S Banerjee, ... Pharmacology & Therapeutics 250, 108519 , 2023 2023 Citations: 45
The multifaceted role of mangiferin in health and diseases: a review. A Jangra, MK Arora, A Kisku, S Sharma Advances in Traditional Medicine 21, 619–643 , 2020 2020 Citations: 42
Oral Brincidofovir Therapy for Monkeypox Outbreak: A Focused Review on the Therapeutic Potential, Clinical Studies, Patent Literature, and Prospects M Imran, MK Alshammari, MK Arora, AK Dubey, SS Das, M Kamal, ... biomedicines 11, 278 , 2023 2023 Citations: 36
MmpL3 inhibition as a promising approach to develop novel therapies against tuberculosis: a spotlight on SQ109, clinical studies, and patents literature M Imran, MK Arora, A Chaudhary, SA Khan, M Kamal, MM Alshammari, ... Biomedicines 10 (11), 2793 , 2022 2022 Citations: 31
Plumbagin Alleviates Intracerebroventricular-Quinolinic Acid Induced Depression-like Behavior and Memory Deficits in Wistar Rats MK Arora, A Ratra, SMB Asdaq, AA Alshamrani, AJ Alsalman, M Kamal, ... Molecules 27 (6), 1834 , 2022 2022 Citations: 24
Neuroprotective and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of plumbagin in ICV-LPS induced behavioral deficits in rats A Jangra, V Chadha, D Kumar, V Kumar, MK Arora Current Research in Behavioral Sciences 2, 100060 , 2021 2021 Citations: 23
Therapeutic potential of policosanol in the concurrent management of dyslipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease MK Arora, S Pandey, R Tomar, J Sahoo, D Kumar, A Jangra Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 8 (1), 11 , 2022 2022 Citations: 21
Mangiferin ameliorates intracerebroventricular-quinolinic acid-induced cognitive deficits, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in Wistar rats MK Arora, A Kisku, A Jangra Indian Journal of Pharmacology 52 (4), 296-305 , 2020 2020 Citations: 21
Insight into the biological impact of COVID-19 and its vaccines on human health VD Ashwlayan, C Antlash, M Imran, SMB Asdaq, MK Alshammari, ... Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences , 2022 2022 Citations: 18
Natural cationic polymer-derived injectable hydrogels for targeted chemotherapy SS Das, D Sharma, BVK Rao, MK Arora, J Ruokolainen, M Dhanka, ... Materials Advances 4 (23), 6064-6091 , 2023 2023 Citations: 15
