In Vitro Degradation and In Vivo Biocompatibility of Strontium-Doped Magnesium Phosphate-Reinforced Magnesium Composites Sourav Dutta, Rabiul Khan, N. Surya Prakash, Sanjay Gupta, Debaki Ghosh, Samit K. Nandi, Mangal Roy ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering, 2022 Magnesium is projected for use as a degradable orthopedic biomaterial. However, its fast degradation in physiological media is considered as a significant challenge for its successful clinical applications. Bioactive reinforcements containing Mg-based composites constitute one of the promising approaches for developing degradable metallic implants because of their adjustable mechanical behaviors, corrosion resistance, and biological response. Strontium is a trace element known for its role in enhancing osteoblast activity. In this study, bioactive SrO-doped magnesium phosphate (MgP)-reinforced Mg composites containing 1, 3, and 5 wt % MgP were developed through the casting route. The influence of the SrO-doped MgP reinforcement on degradation behaviors of the composites along with its cell–material interactions and in vivo biocompatibility was investigated. The wt % and distribution of MgP particles significantly improved the mechanical properties of the composite. HBSS immersion study indicated the least corrosion rate (0.56 ± 0.038 mmpy) for the Mg–3MgP composite. The higher corrosion resistance of Mg–3MgP leads to a controlled release of Sr-containing bioactive reinforcement, which eventually enhanced the cytotoxicity as measured using MG-63 cell–material interactions. The in vivo biocompatibility of the composite was evaluated using the rabbit femur defect model. Micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) and histological analysis supported the fact that Mg–3MgP maintained its structural integrity and enhanced osteogenesis (50.36 ± 2.03%) after 2 months of implantation. The results indicated that the Mg–MgP composite could be used as a degradable internal fracture fixation device material.
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