Venkateswaramurthy
@jkkn.ac.in
Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice
J.K.K.Nattraja College of Pharmacy
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Priyanka Anbazhagan, Alby Anna Wilson, Venkateswaramurthy Nallasamy, and Sambathkumar Ramanathan
Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
<span lang="EN-US">Globally, pesticides are essential substances that have significant importance in increasing food production and pest management. Although, the serious concern about the health risk of pesticide toxicity should be investigated. The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge and perception of health risks of pesticide usage among farmers. This online-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among farmers in Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu, India. A validated questionnaire was prepared, assessing the sociodemographic and analyzing the level of awareness, perception of pesticide usage among farmers. There were 412 farmers participated, in which 98.5% use pesticides and among them, 72.4% of farmers do not use personal protective equipment (PPE) on pesticide application. Hence, 68% are not aware of the harmful effects of pesticides even though 94.5% experienced health related problems while using them. Therefore, 95.4% of farmers think it is necessary to create awareness about safe handling practices and health risks regarding the usage of pesticides. Our study revealed that farmers do not have adequate knowledge about safe pesticide handling and are not aware of pesticide toxicity levels along with the risk associated with the degree of toxicity which is essential for implementing strategies regarding pesticide safety education and training.</span>
JAGANATHAN K., VENKATESWARAMURTHY N., NEELAMEGARAJAN R., KANNAN C., and SAMBATHKUMAR R.
Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd
Objective: To improve the treatment of H. pylori infection, by achieving the required bactericidal concentrations of antibiotics in the stomach, by delivering the antibiotics to the mucus layer and release the drug at the site of infection for a prolonged period would be significantly more effective than conventional dosage forms. Methods: The experimental method of the research was designed to prepare Levofloxacin floating by using Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC K4M), Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC K100M) and Xanthan gum by Three-level Box–Behnken design optimization method. The prepared tablets were evaluated for Thickness, Hardness, Friability, Weight variation, Swelling index (SI), Floating lag time (FLT) and Time required to release 90% of the drug from the tablet (T90%). Results: It was found that the Thickness-3.12±0.11 mm to 3.28±0.10 mm, Hardness-4.52±0.36 kg/cm2 to 4.81±0.24 kg/cm2, Friability-0.81±0.02g to 0.86±0.12g, Weight variation-480±1.90 mg to 523±0.89 mg, Swelling index (SI)-61.9±0.624% to 99.95±0.226%, Floating lag time (FLT)-81.12±0.63 s to 119.7±0.567 s and Time required to release 90% of the drug from the tablet (T90%)-7.0±0.55 h to 10.33±0.289 h. HPMC K100M and Xanthan gum showed good swelling as compared to HPMC K4M. The study revealed that HPMC K100M grade had a significant effect on drug release. Conclusion: The developed gastro-floating tablets can extend levofloxacin duration in the stomach and produce a prolonged release effect. The prepared levofloxacin floating tablet oral drug delivery system appears to be a promising choice for the efficient eradication of H. pylori
Venkateswaramurthy N, Syed Munavvar VT, Sudha M, and Sambathkumar. R
A and V Publications
Mental illness affects at least one in four people, either directly or indirectly. Caregivers play a significant role in fulfilling the vital physical needs and psychological wellbeing of mentally ill patients. Caregiving for mentally ill persons causes a burden to the caregivers. This burden reflects in the physical and mental health of the caregiver. This study was designed to explore the Quality of Life (QOL) of caregivers of mentally ill inpatients. In this descriptive, comparative cross-sectional study, the quality of life of caregivers of the psychiatric ward and general wards was studied by inpatients settings using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) Scale. Caregivers of mentally ill patients have lower QOL levels, and it was observed that the WHOQOL-BREF score of the general ward was significantly higher than that of the psychiatric ward caregivers in all domains. This study would help manage, intervene, and identify the physical and mental health caregivers.
Neelima Venugopal, Nissy Jacob, Venkateswaramurthy Nallasamy, and Sambathkumar Ramanathan
Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
Uterine fibroid is a common pelvic tumor seen in women of reproductive age causing complications and affecting the quality of life of women. Despite the fact that fibroids are ubiquitous and have a major impact, public awareness of uterine fibroids is exceedingly low. Hence, the study aims to determine the amount of awareness present about uterine fibroid among women in Kerala. In order to assess the knowledge, an online based survey was carried out among women (n=417) for a period of six months. For that we had prepared a questionnaire which was divided into 2 parts, part 1 contains sociodemographic details of the participants, while the next part consisted of 21 questions which evaluates the knowledge of women towards uterine fibroid. The contact numbers or mail ID of women of different age groups were collected from certain women’s social groups and the prepared questionnaire has been sent to women through social medias such as WhatsApp, Facebook, Gmail and the responses were collected. This study concluded that, approximately 66.4% of women are aware of uterine fibroid, while the rest have various misconceptions, and thus awareness must be spread about it. Various measures such as educational programs and camps must be conducted in rural areas to improve the awareness of uterine fibroid among women which help in early management and thereby preventing the complications of the disease.
Amritha Alice, Athira Sunil, Venkateswaramurthy Nallasamy, and Sambathkumar Ramanathan
Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
Pharmaceutical disposal practices have become a global issue that has caught the concern of health authorities, pharmaceutical firms, healthcare practitioners, and the general public. The current study aimed to assess the disposal practices of unused and expired medications among the households Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu, India. The qualitative, cross-sectional study was conducted using a well-structured questionnaire form. A total of 400 responses were obtained from each member of the family. Participants under the age of 18 were excluded from the study. Respondents who refused to participate were not included in the study. More than 50% of the study population reported that they stored unused and expired medications at home. Most of the participants revealed that the unused medications they stored costs approximately ≤₹300. Majority of participants dispose unused/expired medications by means of trash can (53.1%). A significant population (71.2%) was unaware of novel disposal practices like drug take-back system. The study concluded that there is an inappropriate disposal practice among households which has to be rectified by providing awareness among the public. Further studies should be conducted for the development of well formalized protocol regarding proper disposal practices.
A. Tom, M. Salih, N. Venkateswaramurthy and R. Sambathkumar
Institute of Medico-legal Publications Private Limited
Aim: To develop a reference manual for the management of drug overdose and poisoning.Methods: A prospective developmental study was performed for a span of six months at a tertiary carehospital in Erode. Information on the management of cases of drug overdose and poisoning was providedbased on queries received at the Drug Information Center and the poisoning cases identified in the respectivehospital over the past three years. Further attention was paid to detecting local poisons. Such informationwas collected on the basis of literature reviews, magazines and newspapers. In addition to drug and poisonmonographs; android applications, toxicological databases and links, standard reference books and articleson drug overdose and poisoning were included. Locally reported cases have been given more focus.Results: A formulary was prepared which includes the management information for 100 drugs and 57 toxicsubstances that were identified after extensive research. The signs and symptoms of the various poisoningcases were graded as mild, moderate and severe based on poison severity scale (PSS) and respective antidoteswere mentioned.Conclusion: As per our knowledge, this is the first formulary that focus on local poisons. The implementationof the formulary may have a significant impact on healthcare professionals to improve the quality of lifeof patients.This provides important information of localized poisoning and drug overdose in a nutshell andtherefore offers as a quick data to the enquirer.
MI Jishala, N. Venkateswaramurthy, and R Sambathkumar
A and V Publications
Wilma Mary Thomson, M. Sudha, N. Venkateswaramurthy, and R. Sambath Kumar
A and V Publications
Arya Sindhu, M. Sebastian, P. Panicker, Sudha Muthusamy, V. Nallasamy, Sambathkumar Ramanathan and Sattanathankaliya Perumal
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science
Arya Radhakrishnan Sindhu1, Merin Sebastian1, Parvathy R. Panicker1, Sudha Muthusamy2*, Venkateswaramurthy Nallasamy1, Sambathkumar Ramanathan3, Sattanathankaliya Perumal1 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, J.K.K.Nattraja College of Pharmacy, Kumarapalayam, India. 2Department of Pharmacology, J.K.K.Nattraja College of Pharmacy, Kumarapalayam, India. 3Department of Pharmaceutics, J.K.K.Nattraja College of Pharmacy, Kumarapalayam, India.
Pitchai Balakumar, Ramanathan Sambathkumar, Nanjaian Mahadevan, Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah, Abdulrhman Alsayari, Nallasamy Venkateswaramurthy, and Gowraganahalli Jagadeesh
Elsevier BV
Pitchai Balakumar, Ramanathan Sambathkumar, Nanjaian Mahadevan, Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah, Abdulrhman Alsayari, Nallasamy Venkateswaramurthy, and Sokkalingam A. Dhanaraj
Elsevier BV
S.M. Vanmathi, M. Monitha Star, N. Venkateswaramurthy, and R. Sambath Kumar
A and V Publications
Preterm birth is the major complication in neonatal health care that cause death in newborns and also it is the second foremost cause of death in children. It is one of the important complications of neurological disability and impairment. Preterm babies are born before completion of 37 weeks of gestation, instead they born by 32 gestational week. This has several reasons; most preterm birth not only affects the newborns but also family members, to give care for preterm infants. This initiates how they spend several months in hospital and has increasing price for health services. It is estimated worldwide that 11.1% of all live births were born preterm in 2010 (14.9 million babies were born before 37 week of gestation), there is an increasing rate in almost countries with reasonable trend data with preterm. This review had discussed about the majority of factors behind the preterm birth in India. This review may help to prevent the preterm birth by early detection, appropriate intervention, screening for the risk, providing antenatal care, educating the teenage or adolescent pregnant women.
E. Niranjana, R. S. Kumar, M. Sudha and N. Venkateswaramurthy
The world is running out of antibiotics. Between 1940 and 1962, more than 20 new classes of antibiotics were marketed. Since then, only two new classes of antibiotics were marketed. Now, not enough analogues are reaching the market to stem the tide of antibiotic resistance, particularly among gram-negative bacteria which indicates the need of novel antibiotics for their effective action. This review describes those antibiotics in late-stage clinical development. Most of them belong to existing antibiotic classes and a few with a narrow spectrum of activity are novel compounds directed against novel targets. The reasons for some of the past failures to find new molecules and a path forward to help attract investments to fund the discovery of new antibiotics are described.
Parvathy R Panicker, Sudha M, Venkateswaramurthy N, and Sambathkumar R
GP Innovations Pvt. Ltd.
Chloroquine is a prototype antimalarial drug used to prevent and treat malaria, amebiasis and other autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. The drug acts as an autophagy inhibitor were autophagy is a self-destructive process which is needed to balance sources of energy at developmental process and in response to nutrient deprivation. New studies have shown the crucial role of chloroquine in cancer treatment and is been extensively used as a monotherapy or adjunct therapy in various types of cancer. This review summarizes the role of chloroquine and its action as an autophagy inhibitor in cancer treatment and also the various safety issues concerning with the same.
 Keywords: Adjuanct therap; Autophagy inhibitor; Chloroquine; Monotherapy
A Ashna, S Jeena, PV Vidhya, N. Venkateswaramurthy, and R. Sambathkumar
A and V Publications
Statins are most effective in reducing the plasma cholesterol level by inhibiting hydroxyl methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase. Emerging evidence suggest that statins exert other mechanism of action called Pleiotropic effects; which are plaque stability, endothelial function modification, thrombus formation etc. Therefore therapeutic potential of statins extends beyond lipid lowering. Correctly underlying these pleiotropic effect suggest a new method to prevent and treat wide variety of life threatening disorders. Thus statins has added a wide scope of potential targets ranging from acute coronary syndrome to other renal infections and neuroleptic disorders.
Venkateswaramurthy N., Krishnaveni K, Mercy Freeda R., and Sambath Kumar R.
Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd
<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the incidence and pattern of potential drug-drug interaction (pDDI) in hospitalized stroke patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was carried out in a medical record from a tertiary care teaching hospital for a 4 mo period from November 2015-February 2016. The total of 200 prescriptions was analyzed during the study period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant proportion of patients with pDDIs were males (61.5%) followed by females (38.5%). Among the 200 prescriptions, 179(89.5%) were confirmed with minimum one potential drug-drug interaction. Moreover, patients prescribed with more than 5 drugs developed a higher number of interactions. Based on severity scale, there were 125 major, 375 moderate and 128 minor interactions were observed. The pharmacodynamic interactions were 286 while the pharmacokinetic were 342.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlighted the pDDIs which were high in stroke patients greater than 40 y. pDDIs in prescriptions contained multi-drug therapy is a major concern as such interaction may lead to increased risk of hospitalization and higher health care cost. The majority of interactions were pharmacokinetic in nature, having moderate severity. In this study pDDIs mainly occurred between antihypertensive, anticoagulants and antiplatelet.</p>
V Nallasamy, S Ramanathan, and P Perumal
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Purpose: To evaluate in vivo H. pylori clearance efficacy of formulated mucoadhesive microspheres of amoxicillin trihydrate and clarithromycin. Methods: Amoxicillin trihydrate and clarithromycin mucoadhesive microspheres were prepared by solvent evaporation method using Carbopol 974P, HPMC K4M and Eudragit RS 100. In vivo clearance efficacy of the microspheres was evaluated in a Wistar rat model after induction of H. pylori infection. Amoxicillin and clarithromycin-loaded microspheres were administered twice daily for three days. H. Pylori clearance was evaluated by assessing colony count. Results: Treatment with plain drug solution (90 mg/kg amoxicillin and 45 mg/kg clarithromycin) resulted in a colony count of log 1.25 ± 0.56 CFU and clearance rate of 60 %, while mucoadhesive microspheres-loaded dose of 45 mg/kg amoxicillin and 22.5 mg/kg clarithromycin resulted in complete (100 %) eradication of H. pylori infection. Conclusion: The developed mucoadhesive amoxicillin/clarithromycin microspheres can potentially be used to effectively eradicate H. pylori infection.