The effect of sports job burnout on the performance of workers in student activities departments in Iraqi universities Marwan Abdullateef AbdulJabbar, Yaseen Ali Khalaf, Othman Adham Ali Retos, 2025 Introduction: Researchers seek to study job burnout by answering the following question: What is the level of athletic job burnout among workers in student activities departments in Iraqi universities? Objective: The research aims to identify the level of sports job burnout among workers in student activities departments in Iraqi universities. Methodology: The researchers used the descriptive approach with the analytical method for its suitability and the nature of the research problem. The research community was represented by (33) universities, with (1140) individuals working in student activities departments in Iraqi universities. The research sample consisted of all community members, consisting of (740) individuals, i.e. (400) individuals were excluded for the reasons mentioned above. After that, the researchers considered the scientific conditions for selecting the sample, as it was divided into a pilot sample (10) individuals, an adaptation sample (350) individuals, and an application sample (380). Results: Based on the analysis of the statistical results, it was found shows that the results of all fields ranged between low and high, as the field of (emotional exhaustion) ranked first with a percentage of (68.71%), followed by the field of (inhumanity) in second place with a percentage of (58.41%), and the field of (low emotional achievement) ranked last with a percentage of (44.04%), noting that the total score of the scale reached (57.05%), which is an average score. Conclusions: The researchers concluded that the scale proved effective in measuring the variable of job burnout among employees in student activities departments in Iraqi universities and that all areas of the scale enjoyed a medium degree of job burnout except for the area of diminished personal accomplishment, which was low.
The impact of cognitive training on field intelligence growth and some composite skills of advanced football players Adnan Fadous Omar, Waleed Khalid Hammadi, Labeeb Zouyan Moseekh, Kheiry mutar Muhammad, Majdaldeen Mohammed Saleh, et al. Retos, 2025 Introduction: Does cognitive training accompanying composite exercises affect advanced football players' field intelligence growth and skill performance? Objective: To develop cognitive training exercises to grow field intelligence and composite skills for advanced football players. To identify the impact of cognitive training on the growth of field intelligence and some composite skills for advanced football players. Methodology: The researcher utilized an experimental design with a well-controlled adjustment method for two equal control and experimental groups. The research community consisted of football players from clubs in Anbar Province. Data Collection Methods: Arabic and foreign sources, experimentation and observation, social media communication with experts and specialists, testing and measurement, assistant work team, and expert questionnaire form to determine research tests. Statistical Means, Standard Deviation, Median, Skewness Coefficient (L), Law (T-TST) for Symmetrical Samples, and Law (T-TST) for Equal Independent Samples in Numbers were used in this study. Results: Through the presentation and analysis of the pre- and post-experimental test results for both the control and experimental groups, evident improvement in all dependent research variables in favor of the post-experimental tests emerged. This indicates the positive impact of the following methodology. Conclusions: Mental training significantly affected the development of football field intelligence for the experimental research sample. Mental training positively affected the development of compound skill performance in football for the research sample.
The effect of a proposed training method using play exercises to develop specific agility and skill performance in football Yasir Mohammed Hammood, Akram Hussein Rashid, Othman Adham Ali, Othman Ali Retos, 2025 Introduction: The importance of research lies in preparing a proposed training curriculum that seeks to reach results believed to positively impact the development of football players' special agility and skill performance. Objective: The research aims to prepare a proposed training curriculum using play exercises and identify their impact on developing special agility and skill performance in football. Methodology: The researchers used the experimental method due to its suitability and the nature of the research. After the pre-tests were conducted, the proposed training curriculum was applied to the participants, and post-tests were conducted. Statistical means, including mean, standard deviation, and t-testing, were used to identify the effect of variables on participants' performance. Results: The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the results of the pre-test and the post-test, as the value of the difference of the means was (5.75,3.81) and the difference of deviations of the averages (1.72,1.62), while the calculated t-value was (9.36,4.81), which are greater than the tabular T value of (2.04) with a level of significance (0.05) and a degree of freedom (15). Discussion: The researchers explain the development that occurred to the experimental group as a result of the use of play exercises in the training units and prepared scientifically, which affected the development of the level of performance, which helped to bring the players to the degree of mastery through its diversity and repetition during training. Conclusions: The researchers concluded that using play exercises within the training curriculum positively impacts the development of extraordinary agility and skill performance in football.
The effect of a proposed training curriculum to develop some special physical abilities and the accuracy of the movement scoring skill for the Ramadi football club players Othman Ali, Ameer Mushref, Jasim Hummadi, Ahmed Awad Retos, 2024 The research aims to prepare a proposed training curriculum that includes physical and skill exercises for the Ramadi football club players, as well as knowing the effect of the proposed training curriculum in developing some special physical abilities and the accuracy of the movement scoring skill of the research sample. The researchers assumed that there are statistical differences between the results of the two pre-tests. and posttest for the research sample in the variables studied, the researchers used the experimental approach and designed one group with two pre and posttests and in favor of the posttest, it was represented by the players of Ramadi Football Club, who numbered (22) players representing 33.3% of the original population, where four players were excluded, two of whom were injured and two were traveling outside the country, so the final sample size was (18) players, representing 81.8% of the total research sample. The researchers used a proposed training approach that includes (24) training units for a period of (8) weeks, three days a week (Sunday, Tuesday, Thursday), where the main experiment was applied on Monday corresponding to (22/8/2023) until Monday corresponding to (10/17/2023), The researchers used the high-intensity interval training method, in which the intensity ranges between (80-90%), After knowing the results. the researchers reached a set of conclusions including. The proposed training curriculum has a positive impact on the development of physical abilities related to football. The proposed training curriculum contributed to the development of the accuracy of the football scoring skill. Considering the conclusions, the researchers recommend the following. Emphasizing the use of the training curriculum by club coaches for all categories to develop special physical and skill aspects, Emphasizing the use of the training curriculum proposed by the trainers to develop special physical capabilities and the accuracy of the movement scoring skill. Keywords: special physical abilities, scoring skill, football, club players.
Effect of a proposal of exercises on the development of basic motor abilities in men's artistic gymnastics Othman Adham Ali, Wissam Hamid Ahmed, Abdul Qader Saeed Abd, Jasim Nafi Hummadi Sport Tk, 2022 The purpose of this study was to recognize the effect of the proposed exercises in developing the particular motor abilities employed in the study as well as some ground skills in men's artistic gymnastics. This study used the experimental method and included 14 players of the directorate of Anbar Education team in the technical gymnastics for men (junior category), aged 10-12 years. The proposed exercises were then performed, which included 30 training units over a ten-week period, three training units each week, and forty minutes of training per unit. The researchers used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for data analysis. The results of our study showed that there were statistically significant differences in the results of the pre- and post-tests in all variables of the elements of special motor abilities and ground skills of the research sample, in favor of the post-test (p < 0.05). The use of the proposed exercises had a positive effect in developing some special motor skills, and the development of special motor abilities contributed to the development of ground skills in the artistic gymnastics for men.
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