Balakrishnan Veluchamy
@aagacvpm.com
ASSISTANT PRPFESSOR OF BOTANY
ARIGNAR ANNA GOVERNMENT ARTS COLLEGE
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Muthiah Kalusalingam and Veluchamy Balakrishnan
EManuscript Technologies
Objectives: Benkara malabarica (Lam). is pharmacologically unexploited medicinal plant, used in the folklore Paliyar in India. Medicinal plant systems to treat many ailments such as cold, phlegm, stomach and body pains. The present investigation carried out with objective of finding an alternative antioxidant and cytotoxicity medicines from traditionally used medicinal plant and to provide ethnopharmacological information for its traditional usage. Materials and Methods: Petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol were used as solvents for the preparation of crude drug from the B. malabarica leaves. DPPH and O phenantroline reduction assay were used to estimate the antioxidant activities of the extracts, while MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity of extracts using Hep G2 cell lines. Different concentration of extracts, in the range of 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 μg/ml was used for the determination of antioxidant activities. In case of cytotoxicity studies the extract concentration were 25, 50, 100, 200 and 500 μg/ml. Ascorbic acid was used as standard in antioxidant studies and doxorubicin was employed as standard in the cytotoxicity studies. Results: In both antioxidant and cytotoxicity studies, the activities were increased with the increase the concentrations of extracts. The potential of three extracts were in the following order, methanol, chloroform and petroleum ether in both antioxidant and cytotoxicity studies. Conclusion: The remarkable antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities, assayed through various in vitro models in the present study. This may be due to the presence of phytochemicals, such as phenol, flavonoid, alkaloid and glycosides in the extracts. Scientific data generated from the present study supports the usage of B. malabarica in the folklore medicinal system.
V. Balamurugan, Veluchamy Balakrishnan, J. Philip Robinson, and M. Ramakrishnan
Bangladesh Journals Online (JOL)
The objective of the present investigation is focused on the anticancer activity of the ethanolic crude extract of Moringa concanensis leaf and bark against HepG2 cell line. The study was facilitated by collecting the plant sample and subjected to ethanol crude extraction. The anticancer activity of the crude extracted sample against HepG2 cell line was examined by MTT assay. The study confirms that the leaf crude extract of M. concanensis has pronounced anticancer potential against HepG2 cell lines while compared to that of the bark extract. The plant investigated possesses remarkable anticancer activity and hence isolation of the compound contributing to the activity may lead to develop at a novel and natural phytomedicine for the disease. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v9i4.20481
K. Kamalakannan and Veluchamy Balakrishnan
Bangladesh Journals Online (JOL)
The hypoglycemic activity of the aqueous leaf extract of Limonia elephantum was evaluated. The extract was administered orally 1,000 mg/kg to normal and alloxan-induced (55 mg/kg body weight, i.v) diabetic rats. The hypoglycemic effect of the extract was statistically significant with an oral dose of 1,000 mg/kg and was comparable to that of the effect produced by standard antidiabetic agent, metformin 1.5 mg/kg. The extract increased the glucose tolerance using oral glucose tolerance test.
K. Kamalakannan and Veluchamy Balakrishnan
Bangladesh Journals Online (JOL)
Limonia elephantum (wood apple) has been widely used in an Indian folk medicine system. In the present study, the acute toxicity studies were carried out to determine the safety of the compounds in liver diseases. The antioxidant and the hepatoprotective properties of the L. elephantum are evaluated against paracetamol induced hepatic damage in rats. Liver superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation, glutathione peroxidase, catalase levels and serum biochemical profile such as serum glutamate oxalate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin and total protein were examined for the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of these treatments. The results of the present studies strongly indicate that the higher dose (400 mg/kg) of ethanolic extract of L. elephantum proved against hepatoprotective effects and also the antioxidant properties. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v9i3.19704
Balasubramanian Nagarathnam, Snehal D. Karpe, Krishnan Harini, Kannan Sankar, Mohammed Iftekhar, Durairaj Rajesh, Sadasivam Giji, Govidaraju Archunan, Veluchamy Balakrishnan, M. Michael Gromiha,et al.
SAGE Publications
Olfaction is the response to odors and is mediated by a class of membrane-bound proteins called olfactory receptors (ORs). An understanding of these receptors serves as a good model for basic signal transduction mechanisms and also provides important clues for the strategies adopted by organisms for their ultimate survival using chemosensory perception in search of food or defense against predators. Prior research on cross-genome phylogenetic analyses from our group motivated the addressal of conserved evolutionary trends, clustering, and ortholog prediction of ORs. The database of olfactory receptors (DOR) is a repository that provides sequence and structural information on ORs of selected organisms (such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, Mus musculus, and Homo sapiens). Users can download OR sequences, study predicted membrane topology, and obtain cross-genome sequence alignments and phylogeny, including three-dimensional (3D) structural models of 100 selected ORs and their predicted dimer interfaces. The database can be accessed from http://caps.ncbs.res.in/DOR . Such a database should be helpful in designing experiments on point mutations to probe into the possible dimerization modes of ORs and to even understand the evolutionary changes between different receptors.
Balasubramanian Nagarathnam, Singaravelu Kalaimathy, Veluchamy Balakrishnan, and Ramanathan Sowdhamini
SAGE Publications
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are one of the largest groups of membrane proteins and are popular drug targets. The work reported here attempts to perform cross-genome phylogeny on GPCRs from two widely different taxa, human versus C. elegans genomes and to address the issues on evolutionary plasticity, to identify functionally related genes, orthologous relationship, and ligand binding properties through effective bioinformatic approaches. Through RPS blast around 1106 nematode GPCRs were given chance to associate with previously established 8 types of human GPCR profiles at varying E-value thresholds and resulted 32 clusters were illustrating co-clustering and class-specific retainsionship. In the significant thresholds, 81% of the C. elegans GPCRs were associated with 32 clusters and 27 C. elegans GPCRs (2%) inferred for orthology. 177 hypothetical proteins were observed in cluster association and could be reliably associated with one of 32 clusters. Several nematode-specific GPCR clades were observed suggesting lineage-specific functional recruitment in response to environment.
K.C. Ravindran, K. Venkatesan, T. Balasubramanian, and V. Balakrishnan
Elsevier BV
Organic compost has been identified as an alternative to chemical fertilizer to increasing soil fertility and crop production in sustainable farming. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of halophytic compost which are normally available in coastal areas on growth parameters in Arachis hypogaea. Halophytic compost along with farmyard manure (FYM) and phosphate solubilising bacteria (PSB) resulted in production of highest biomass such as plant height, number of compound leaves, total number of root nodules, fresh and dry weight of root nodules and fresh and dry weight of plant. Various combination of halophytic composts used in the present study, Suaeda compost+farmyard manure+phosphate solubilising bacteria treatment showed an enhanced biomass when compared to other halophytic compost and control.
K.C. Ravindran, K. Venkatesan, V. Balakrishnan, K.P. Chellappan, and T. Balasubramanian
Elsevier BV
Usually saline soils were reclamized by chemical or mechanical remediation, since the cost of leaching technique for saline soil reclamation is higher in India. In the present study an attempt has been made to investigate to identify the fast and luxuriantly growing halophytic herbs which are salt accumulators and to assess the feasibility of salt bioaccumulation. From the results it is concluded that among six species studied Suaeda maritima and Sesuvium portulacastrum exhibited greater accumulation of salts in their tissues as well as higher reduction of salts in the soil medium.
V. Balakrishnan, K. Venkatesan, and K.C. Ravindran
Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Biocompost has been identified as an alternative to chemical fertilizers that increased soil microbial population and soil enzyme activities in sustainable farming. The objective of this field study was to evaluate the effect of three halophytic composts in combination with farmyard manure and phosphate solubilising bacteria (<i>Bacillus megaterium</i>) on soil microflora and enzyme activities. The results show that among nine treatments given, the application of <i>Suaeda</i> compost in combination with farmyard manure and phosphate solubilising bacteria (T<sub>9</sub>) significantly increased the soil microflora such as bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes and soil enzyme activities such as dehydrogenases, alkaline phosphatase, cellulase and urease in soil cultivated with <i>Arachis hypogaea</i>.