Design, Finite Element Analysis, and Controller Implementation for Deformation of Soft Actuators Control Engineering and Applied Informatics, 2025
Analysis of Partial Shading Impact in a 50kW Grid linked PV System G.C. Prabhakar, N. Amarnadh Reddy, O. Sobhana, R. Sireesha International Conference on Electrical Energy Systems Icees, 2025 The incorporation of photovoltaic (PV) systems into the power grid is an essential approach to obtain power from renewable energy resources. This paper presents the analysis of a 50-kW grid-connected PV system considering the impact of partial shading conditions (PSC). Partial shading significantly affects PV system performance by reducing power output and causing multiple local maxima in the power-voltage characteristics. To address this challenge, the Perturb and Observe (PO) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm is employed to optimize power extraction under varying shading conditions. The system is modeled and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink to analyze its performance under different irradiance levels. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the P&O MPPT technique in tracking the global maximum power point despite partial shading effects. Additionally, the effectiveness of the grid-fed system is examined to ensure compliance with grid standards. The findings highlight the significance of robust MPPT control in mitigating power losses due to shading and improving overall system efficiency. The study provides valuable insights for enhancing the reliability of grid-linked PV schemes in real-world applications.
Revolutionizing Personalized Healthcare: The Role of Nanosensors in NonInvasive Monitoring P. Nedumal Pugazhenthi, K. Vijayakumar, S. Selvaperumal, G. Prabhakar Nanosensors as Robust Non Invasive Diagnostic Tools for Remote Health Monitoring, 2025 This chapter examines how noninvasive nanosensors are revolutionizing the field of personal healthcare. With their incredibly small size and amazing sensitivity, nanosensors have the potential to completely change how we monitor various aspects of our health. We explore the wide range of nanosensors available, their uses in ongoing health monitoring, and how they might advance personalized therapy. The significant influence of nanosensors on the future of healthcare is highlighted by case studies and future prospects.
YOLOv5-based Enhanced Underwater Seaweed Detection Using Open-Source Datasets Prabhakar G., Nirmal Kannan V., Selvaperumal S., Baranitharan B. Recent Patents on Engineering, 2025 Seaweeds, macroscopic algae known for their diverse applications across industries such as agriculture, biomedicine, and personal care, pose challenges in underwater detection due to the lack of suitable image datasets. Underwater photography is often hindered by light fluctuations and artificial light-induced haze and noise, complicating accurate object recognition. To address these challenges, this study leverages openly available open-source datasets such as Algae detection Dataset, seaweeddetection- test Dataset, and Fish detection Dataset. From these datasets, seaweed-spotted images, along with sea creatures and coral reefs, are segregated for employment in this research work. Employing a supervised learning algorithm facilitated by Roboflow software and the YOLOv5 architecture, the method achieves a commendable accuracy of 82.3% in identifying seaweed presence in underwater images. The investigation not only highlights the potential of seaweeds as renewable resources but also underscores the intricate nature of underwater detection. Moreover, the approach offers a promising avenue for refining Underwater Object Detection (UOD) algorithms, benefiting not only seaweed detection but also the identification of various marine species. Additionally, acknowledgment is made of the diversity of patented underwater object detection technologies, each with its own set of advantages, disadvantages, and application scenarios. To address the challenge of detecting seaweeds underwater, a supervised learning algorithm was developed utilizing the Roboflow software and YOLOv5 architecture. The selection of the dataset was guided by the need for a diverse representation of underwater scenes containing seaweeds, sea creatures, and coral reefs. Openly available open-source datasets, including the Algae detection Dataset, seaweed-detection-test Dataset, and Fish detection Dataset, were chosen based on their coverage of these underwater environments. From these datasets, seaweedspotted images, alongside images of sea creatures and coral reefs, were segregated to form a comprehensive training dataset. This selection was made to ensure the inclusion of diverse underwater scenes containing seaweeds, thus enhancing the robustness of the model. Data augmentation techniques, including rotation, scaling, and flipping, were applied to increase dataset diversity and robustness. During the training process, model parameters were iteratively optimized to achieve accurate seaweed detection. This involved fine-tuning the YOLOv5 architecture and adjusting training parameters based on the characteristics of the selected dataset. By utilizing openly available datasets and employing data augmentation techniques, the methodology ensures the inclusion of diverse underwater scenes containing seaweeds, effectively addressing the challenges associated with underwater detection. The study evaluated the performance of the YOLOv5 algorithm in detecting underwater objects, focusing on Fish, Seaweed, and Starfish classes. Seaweed detection demonstrated high precision (0.925) and mAP50 (0.823), with an accuracy rate of 82.3% across diverse underwater images. Fish detection showed moderate precision (0.769) and mAP50 (0.512), while Starfish detection exhibited exceptional accuracy (Precision: 0.872, Recall: 1, mAP50: 0.995). These findings emphasize the algorithm's effectiveness in identifying underwater objects, particularly seaweed and starfish, highlighting its potential for marine species identification tasks. In conclusion, the YOLOv5 algorithm demonstrated remarkable accuracy in identifying seaweed, achieving an initial accuracy of 82.3%. Through subsequent retraining, both classification and detection accuracy significantly improved, reaching 77.7% and 99.5%, respectively. Additionally, the mAP50 value for seaweed also reaches 82.3%, indicating robust performance. However, for fish species, the accuracy is recorded at 51.2%, with detection accuracy also reaching 99.5%. These findings underscore the versatility and effectiveness of the YOLOv5 algorithm in underwater object detection tasks, highlighting its potential for enhancing marine species identification and ecological research.
GUI-Driven Real-Time PID Control Tool for Educational Virtual Systems , G. Ananthi, G. Prabhakar, and Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, 2024 This research presents a pioneering approach in virtual control systems, focusing on developing a highly intuitive Graphical User Interface (GUI) for real-time PID control of LED brightness using Arduino IDE. By embracing a robust pedagogical framework, the study meticulously outlines specific learning objectives that adhere to the SMART criteria, ensuring precise educational outcomes. The key to this research is the tailored design of the GUI, which considers diverse audience needs, prior knowledge, and learning styles. The interfaces are meticulously crafted for optimal user experience, ensuring seamless navigation and engagement. Interactive elements, encompassing simulations, virtual experiments, problem-solving scenarios, and quizzes, foster active participation and hands-on learning. Multimedia elements, such as text, images, videos, animations, and audio, are thoughtfully integrated to cater to varied learning preferences. This paper underscores the critical role of collaborative learning facilitated through discussion forums, chat functionalities, and collaborative virtual environments. The study emphasizes continuous improvement through regular assessments and detailed user feedback analysis. Notably, the research highlights the significant educational impact of the designed GUI. By offering a practical platform where students can dynamically adjust PID parameters and observe immediate effects on LED brightness, the GUI enhances the learning experience in classroom settings. This approach equips students with a tangible understanding of complex PID principles, preparing them for real-world applications. In summary, this research showcases the creation of engaging, practical virtual control system tools, fostering profound and meaningful learning experiences for users within educational contexts. Keywords : control systems, pedagogy, facilitation
Fault Detection and Classification in Micro Grid Using AI Technique B. Koushik Aryan, O. Sobhana, G.C. Prabhakar, N. Amarnadh Reddy Proceedings 2022 International Conference on Recent Trends in Microelectronics Automation Computing and Communications Systems Icmacc 2022, 2022
IoT-based Intelligent Mobile Application for Shopping M. Balamurugan, G. Prabhakar, G. Amsaveni, M. Karthikumar, J. Jasmin Shifa, E. Sharmila International Conference on Automation Computing and Renewable Systems Icacrs 2022 Proceedings, 2022
Analysis on soft sensor design in Simulink S. Muthuviswadharani, G. Prabhakar, S. Selvaperumal Proceedings of 2016 International Conference on Advanced Communication Control and Computing Technologies Icaccct 2016, 2017
Performance investigation of SHE PWM implementation of GA based LCL resonant inverter in marine applications Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences, 2017
Performance investigation of genetic algorithm based LCL resonant converter in marine applications Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences, 2016
Fuzzy based multiport resonant converter for photovoltaic system International Journal of Control Theory and Applications, 2016
Microcontroller based autonomous vehicle control system using can bus N. Ilangovan, R. Jagatheesan, P. Gnana Skanda Parthipan, A. Jeyasaravanan, G. Prabhakar Proceedings of 2014 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Communication Control and Computing Technologies Icaccct 2014, 2015
A soft computing based analysis on moisture control in paper industry International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 2015
Model predictive control law of Buck-boost converter based on piecewise affine modelling International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 2015
Closed loop performance investigation of chopper fed DC motor using various controller International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 2015
EMG Data Generation for Scooter Riding and Classification Using Machine Learning to Control a Prosthetic Arm S Meenakshi, G Prabhakar Applied Mathematics, Automation and Computing, 22-26 , 2026 2026
DESIGN, FEM ANALYSIS, AND CONTROLLER IMPLEMENTATION FOR DEFORMATION OF SOFT ACTUATORS S Meenakshi, G Prabhakar Journal of Control Engineering and Applied Informatics 27 (4), 41-48 , 2025 2025
Study review of optical biosensors based on 2D materials P Sangeetha, N Ayyanar, G Prabhakar, S Rajaram Plasmonics 20 (9), 7155-7169 , 2025 2025 Citations: 19
YOLOv5-based Enhanced Underwater Seaweed Detection Using Open-Source Datasets G Prabhakar, S Selvaperumal, B Baranitharan Recent Patents on Engineering 19 (6), E300524230521 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Revolutionizing Personalized Healthcare: The Role of Nanosensors in NonInvasive Monitoring PN Pugazhenthi, K Vijayakumar, S Selvaperumal, G Prabhakar Nanosensors as Robust Non-Invasive Diagnostic Tools for Remote Health … , 2025 2025
GST-based surface plasmon resonance reconfigurable biosensor for detection of human sperm N Ayyanar, GN Rani, K Dharshini, G Madhumita, NR Ramanujam, ... Plasmonics 20 (3), 1261-1271 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
Surface plasmon resonance sensor with 2D materials for enhanced refractive index detection of chemical pollutants in seawater VN Kannan, G Prabhakar, N Ayyanar Optik 321, 172157 , 2025 2025 Citations: 9
5G and Fiber Optics Security Technologies for Smart Grid Cyber Defense G Prabhakar, N Ayyanar, S Rajaram IGI Global , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Adaptive cruise control system with fractional order ANFIS PD+ I controller: optimization and validation P Gunasekaran, R Sivasubramanian, K Periyasamy, S Muthusamy, ... Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 46 … , 2024 2024 Citations: 12
GUI-Driven Real-Time PID Control Tool for Educational Virtual Systems G Ananthi, G Prabhakar Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, 61-71 , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
Design and Fabrication of a Softrobotic Gripper for Involving Underwater Vehicles in Seaweed Farming P Gunasekaran, S Meenakshi, A Jainulafdeen, N Ayyanar, R Murugesan Modeling, Simulation, and Control of AI Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 95-108 , 2024 2024
Fem based soft robotic gripper design for seaweed farming S Meenakshi, G Prabhakar, N Ayyanar, PN Pugazhenthi 2023 International Conference on Energy, Materials and Communication … , 2023 2023 Citations: 7
Haar cascade classifier-based real-time face recognition and face detection MMD Ranjini, MP Jeyaraj, MS Kumar, TA Prasath, G Prabhakar 2023 4th International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable … , 2023 2023 Citations: 10
Microgrid energy optimization and realization by means of plug-in electric vehicles in both v2g-g2v environment M Ramachandran, G Prabhakar, VN Kannan, AMC Mary 2023 8th International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems … , 2023 2023 Citations: 3
A normalized Haar wavelet transformation based firefly optimization algorithm for power transmission line fault detection problems I Murugesan, P Gunasekaran, S Muthusamy, P Ramamoorthi Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 45 … , 2023 2023 Citations: 7
Development of Machine Learning Model to Detect Fault Data Injection Attack on Vehicle Following Systems S Dharsini, G Prabhakar, S Rajaram, J Shanthi 2023 International Conference on Recent Advances in Electrical, Electronics … , 2023 2023
Self-Balancing Vehicle Based on Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System GP M. L. Ramamoorthy, S. Selvaperumal Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 34 (1), 485-497 , 2022 2022 Citations: 3
ANFIS PD Plus I control on simscape model of nonlinear physical system K Umamaheswari, G Prabhakar, K Viji, P Thanapal Journal of Control Engineering and Applied Informatics 23 (1), 50-59 , 2021 2021 Citations: 10
Architecture of Low Power Energy Harvester Using Hybrid Input Solar, Peltier Thermo Electric and Vibrational Generation G Ramya, R Sivakumar, G Prabhakar, KU Maheswari, K Karthi Int. Res. J. Innov. Eng. Technol 5, 68 , 2021 2021 Citations: 3
A novel source side power quality improved soft starting of three-phase induction motor using a symmetrical angle controller through pic microcontroller S Selvaperumal, N Krishnamoorthy, G Prabhakar Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences 69 (2) , 2021 2021 Citations: 3
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Modelling and control of ball and beam system using PID controller PVM Maalini, G Prabhakar, S Selvaperumal 2016 International Conference on Advanced Communication Control and … , 2016 2016 Citations: 67
Fuzzy PD plus I control-based adaptive cruise control system in simulation and real-time environment G Prabhakar, S Selvaperumal, P Nedumal Pugazhenthi IETE Journal of Research 65 (1), 69-79 , 2019 2019 Citations: 63
Fault data injection attack on car‐following model and mitigation based on interval type‐2 fuzzy logic controller P Gunasekaran, S Sundaramoorthy, NP Pulikesi IET Cyber‐Physical Systems: Theory & Applications 4 (2), 128-138 , 2019 2019 Citations: 26
Study review of optical biosensors based on 2D materials P Sangeetha, N Ayyanar, G Prabhakar, S Rajaram Plasmonics 20 (9), 7155-7169 , 2025 2025 Citations: 19
Performance investigation of SHE PWM implementation of GA based LCL resonant inverter in marine applications S Selvaperumal, S Muralidharan, PN Pugazhenthi, G Prabhakar, ... Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences 46 (09), 1889-1898 , 2017 2017 Citations: 17
Implementation Analysis of State Space Modelling and Control of Nonlinear Process using PID algorithm in MATLAB and PROTEUS Environment G Prabhakar, PN Pugazhenthi, S Selvaperumal Applied Mechanics and Materials 573, 297-303 , 2014 2014 Citations: 16
Online optimization based model predictive control on two wheel Segway system G Prabhakar, S Selvaperumal, PN Pugazhenthi, K Umamaheswari, ... Materials Today: Proceedings 33, 3846-3853 , 2020 2020 Citations: 14
Performance investigation of genetic algorithm based LCL resonant converter in marine applications S Selvaperumal, S Vijayarajan, PN Pugazhenthi, G Prabhakar, ... Ind J Geo Mar Sci NISCAIR-CSIR 45 (10), 1377-88 , 2016 2016 Citations: 14
An efficient approach for real time tracking of intruder and abandoned object in video surveillance system R Brindha, G Prabhakar International Journal of Computer Applications 54 (17), 22-27 , 2012 2012 Citations: 14
Adaptive cruise control system with fractional order ANFIS PD+ I controller: optimization and validation P Gunasekaran, R Sivasubramanian, K Periyasamy, S Muthusamy, ... Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 46 … , 2024 2024 Citations: 12
An early screening system for the detection of diabetic retinopathy using image processing B Ramasubramanian, G Prabhakar International Journal of Computer Applications 61 (15) , 2013 2013 Citations: 11
Haar cascade classifier-based real-time face recognition and face detection MMD Ranjini, MP Jeyaraj, MS Kumar, TA Prasath, G Prabhakar 2023 4th International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable … , 2023 2023 Citations: 10
ANFIS PD Plus I control on simscape model of nonlinear physical system K Umamaheswari, G Prabhakar, K Viji, P Thanapal Journal of Control Engineering and Applied Informatics 23 (1), 50-59 , 2021 2021 Citations: 10
Surface plasmon resonance sensor with 2D materials for enhanced refractive index detection of chemical pollutants in seawater VN Kannan, G Prabhakar, N Ayyanar Optik 321, 172157 , 2025 2025 Citations: 9
Analysis on soft sensor design in Simulink S Muthuviswadharani, G Prabhakar, S Selvaperumal 2016 International Conference on Advanced Communication Control and … , 2016 2016 Citations: 9
An integrated design of current conveyor II based analog PID controller and analyze the control by using PID tuning rule KV Sainath, G Prabhakar, S Selvaperumal Applied Mechanics and Materials 573, 242-247 , 2014 2014 Citations: 9
Fem based soft robotic gripper design for seaweed farming S Meenakshi, G Prabhakar, N Ayyanar, PN Pugazhenthi 2023 International Conference on Energy, Materials and Communication … , 2023 2023 Citations: 7
A normalized Haar wavelet transformation based firefly optimization algorithm for power transmission line fault detection problems I Murugesan, P Gunasekaran, S Muthusamy, P Ramamoorthi Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 45 … , 2023 2023 Citations: 7
ANN-based maximum power point tracking for a large photovoltaic farm through wireless sensor networks K Annaraja, SS Sundaram, S Selvaperumal, G Prabhakar Current Signal Transduction Therapy 14 (1), 38-48 , 2019 2019 Citations: 7
GST-based surface plasmon resonance reconfigurable biosensor for detection of human sperm N Ayyanar, GN Rani, K Dharshini, G Madhumita, NR Ramanujam, ... Plasmonics 20 (3), 1261-1271 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6