Preethika Ananda

Scopus Publications

Small SNPs, Big Effects: A Review of Single Nucleotide Variations and Polymorphisms in Key Genes Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Sriharikrishnaa Srinath, Akanksha Kalal, Preethika Anand, Satyajit Mohapatra, Prabahan Chakraborty
International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 2025
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterised by significant genetic variation. This article examines genetic alterations linked to ASD, with a specific emphasis on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and single nucleotide variants (SNVs). Recent genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several genetic variations associated with ASD. Although their precise roles remain unclear, such genetic polymorphisms and variations significantly influence several neurodevelopmental processes. Mutations in SHANK3 and NRXN1, for example, disrupt synaptic activity and neurotransmission, contributing to ASD and intellectual deficits. Similarly, PTEN and MECP2, crucial for brain development, are associated with abnormal cell proliferation and neurodevelopmental disorders when mutated. CHD8, a key regulator of chromatin remodelling, is strongly linked to ASD, with its mutations impacting transcriptional regulation and neurodevelopment, while mutations in SCN2A disrupt neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission. In this review, we discuss SNPs and SNVs across these six key genes, to summarise their impact on the aetiology of ASD. A shift of focus in autism genetics giving equal importance to minor variations is critical to better understand the intricate aetiology of ASD and to create specific treatment strategies.
Breast cancer awareness among women of reproductive age- a questionnaire based study
Saswati Tripathy, Satyajit Mohapatra, A. Preethika
European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 2024
An Update on Gut Microbiome and Postmenopausal Health with Clinical Implications
Sriram Naresh, Priya Alva, Srinidhi Rai, Preethika Anand
Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2024
The decline of estrogen levels in postmenopause triggers significant health changes.Recent insights reveal a dynamic link between gut microbiome and estrogen, suggesting combined influence on postmenopausal health care.Reduced gut microbiome diversity is a sign of intestinal dysbiosis, linked with aging, western lifestyle, and a number of illnesses conditions.Several physiological reactions are changed when dysbiosis develops in postmenopausal state which contributes to the illness states obesity, metabolic syndrome, cancer, osteoporosis to name a few.Investigating the interplay between gut microbiota and estrogen deficiency holds promise for enhancing postmenopausal well-being and health outcomes.
Single nucleotide polymorphism of fatty acid desaturase gene and breast cancer risk in estrogen receptor subtype
A. Preethika, Shipra Sonkusare, N. Suchetha Kumari
Gene, 2022
Pharmacological consideration of COVID-19 infection and vaccines in pregnancy
Satyajit Mohapatra, Preethika Ananda, Saswati Tripathy
Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, 2022
COVID-19 is a pandemic of the 21st Century that recorded 234,809,103 confirmed cases and more than 4,800,375deaths. Many studies report the effect of COVID-19 in the overall population; nevertheless, there is information scarceness related to pharmacological management and pregnancy and fetal outcomes during the epidemic. Pregnancy is a state of change in immune physiology and anatomy modulation in preference to immune suppression. Additionally, manifold interactions with the health care system during pregnancy increases the chance of infection, and managing, pregnant population poses a more significant challenge. This review will summarise the available data on pharmacological considerations and vaccines in pregnancy and their adverse effects on fetal outcomes. Several drug choices include but are not limited to antivirals and antimalarial and combinations, corticosteroids, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, and antipyretics. Approved vaccines for pregnancy include Pfizer/BioNTech and mRNA-1273 Moderna/National Institutes of Health (NIH). COVID-19 treatment approaches vary across different countries; the WHO and the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines and country regulators advise managing adverse effects on pregnancy and fetal outcome. But the efficacy of these drugs is questionable. There is no adequate literature to demonstrate the safety of these drugs in pregnant and lactating women. Hence, well-conducted studies that assess the safety of anti-COVID-19 medications and vaccines in pregnancy and lactating women are needed.
Alpha1-antitrypsin combined fatty acids induced angiopoietin-like protein 4, expression in breast cancer: A pilot study
A. Preethika, N. Suchetha Kumari, Ail Sandeep, Jayarama Shetty
Chemistry and Physics of Lipids, 2022
The potential impact of COVID-19 on women’s reproductive and mental health: a questionnaire study
Saswati Tripathy, Preethika A, Sajeetha Kumari R, Anuradha M, Satyajit Mohapatra
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
The pandemic has transformed the social and economic certainties of people's lives imposing stay-at-home necessities which began in mid-March 2020. This cross-sectional observational study was performed to study the impact of COVID-19 on the reproductive and mental health of women before and after the pandemic. A digital survey form of 50 questions was developed using the Google platform andshared over 4 weeks in August 2021. Paired t-test was used to compare the variables before and after the COVID-19. Of the 450 respondents, 443(98.44%) completed the questionnaire. There was a significant difference in the average duration of menstruation and the proportion of women with a cycle length of 35-45 days increased from 5 to 8% of women after the pandemic. Painful periods (28.5 to 59.5%, p = .002) and weight increased (39.2%, p < .001) after the pandemic. Stress also increased after the pandemic (p < .001). The pandemic has significantly impacted the reproductive and mental health of women. The long-term health significances of this are yet to be determined.Impact StatementWhat is already known on this subject? The pandemic has transformed the social and economic certainties of people's lives, mainly women. Women's health significantly mental health is affected by the lack of adequate domestic and emotional support which may further consequences like the risk of anxiety and depression.What do the results of this study add? Our study shows the effect of COVID-19 on women's reproductive and mental health before and after the pandemic. Inadvertent forfeits women's health and well-being and instabilities in reproductive function as raised pressure causes irregularities in the menstrual cycle.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Women have suffered from significant mental and reproductive problems during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. But, the long-term effects of these are not unknown. Upcoming work should comprise study throughout the pandemic and the long-term impact on women's health.
Plasma fatty acids composition and estimated delta desaturases activity in women with breast cancer
Vijith Shetty, A Preethika, SuchethaN Kumari, Jayarama Shetty
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, 2020
Introduction: Fatty acids (FAs) are the vital constituents of membrane structures. De novo synthesis of FAs includes an enzymatic complex of FA synthase and delta desaturases. These enzymes are overexpressed in tumors, and inhibition of these enzymes is gaining interest. Our aim was to determine if delta desaturase activities are altered in breast cancer (BC) cases and if altered whether delta desaturase activities differ among BC genotypes. Materials and Methods: In this observational comparative study, 50 women with BC and 30 control women were recruited for the study. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector was used to measure the plasma FA levels. Desaturase activities were assessed as product-to-precursor FA ratios. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare between two groups, and P ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The FA analysis revealed higher levels of monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) and linolenic acid metabolites (C18:3n-6, C20:4n-6) in BC patients, whereas C20:5n-3 was higher in controls. The Delta 9 desaturase (D9D) and D6D were higher in BC cases suggesting greater conversion saturated FA to MUFA and linoleic acid to its metabolites. D9D-16 activity was statistically significant (P = 0.03) in BC women, particularly in estrogen-receptor-positive patients. Conclusion: There is limited evidence to substantiate the link between diet and cancer. The current study showed there is an altered lipid desaturase activity. Nutritional intervention and drugs that target the FA pathway may provide a new approach to prevent and treat BC.
Maternal Occupational Tobacco Exposure and Newborn Umbilical Cord Serum Leptin Concentration
Swathi S. Rao, A. Preethika, Denya Mary Yeldho, Y. Sunil Kumar, Rathika D. Shenoy
Indian Pediatrics, 2020
Study of protective action of spondias pinnata bark extract on rat liver and kidney against etoposide induced chemical stress
Beena Shetty, Gayathri Rao, Abhineetha X, Niha Banu, Preethika X, Sudarshan Reddy
Pharmacognosy Journal, 2016
Introduction: System injury, manifested as metabolic dysfunction is a common side effect of chemotherapy. Chemical stress on hepatic and kidney cells can be evaluated by biochemical analysis, including serum aminotransferases, glutathione levels and extent of lipid peroxidation. Combined treatment of chemotherapy along with the natural products such as phytochemicals may be a newer approach to reduce the side effects and betterment of chemotherapy. Objective: The present study was conducted to assay kidney and liver associated parameters on animals exposed to etoposide, and the protective effect of different doses of Spondias pinnata bark extract on normal cells. In this study, total 24 male Wistar rats ( either sex) aged between 60 to 90 days were considered. Each group consisted of six rats. Levels of Alanine and Aspartate aminotransferases were estimated using semi-auto analyser and GSH, GST, TAO and LPx by spectrophotometry. Results and Conclusion: Data analyzed using Graph Pad 5.0. Variation in the analyzed parameters were found between control, chemotherapy and Spondias pinnata groups. Results of the study show that significant increase in TBARS levels indicative of etoposide induced oxidative stress could be prevented by treatment with S. pinnata. GST levels also support the preventive action of S. pinnata against etoposide induced stress. However, TAO and transaminases remain unaltered in the study groups