Dr. Raffi Mohammed is a distinguished academician, researcher, and Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Ramachandra College of Engineering. With extensive experience in advanced manufacturing, composite materials, sustainable engineering, and interdisciplinary technological innovations, he has established himself as an active contributor to global research and academic development. His research expertise includes aluminum metal matrix composites, stir casting techniques, mechanical characterization, wear analysis, optimization methods, additive manufacturing, and emerging engin
EDUCATION
PhD in Mechanical Engineering
M Tech-CAD/CAN
B.Tech- Mechanical Engineering
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Mechanical Engineering, Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
21
Scopus Publications
209
Scholar Citations
8
Scholar h-index
4
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Mechanical performance and python-based TOPSIS ranking of carbon-filled Kevlar/Basalt/S-glass hybrid epoxy composites for automotive structural applications Raffi Mohammed, Abdul Saddique Shaik, Maneesha L. L. S, Subrahmanyeswara Rao S. V. B, Subhani Mohammed, Kuruva Krishna Murthy Scientific Reports, 2026 The increasing requirement for lightweight and high-performance materials in the automotive industry has prompted significant research efforts focused on hybrid fiber-reinforced polymer composites. This study looked at making and carefully testing epoxy-based composites that were strengthened with Kevlar, basalt, and S-glass fibers, using 10% carbon powder as an added material. The study created single-fiber, dual-fiber hybrid, and tri-fiber hybrid laminates using the hand lay-up method, which allowed for controlled stacking sequences. Mechanical characterization was conducted following ASTM standards, encompassing tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness evaluations. The results show that using a mix of different fibers significantly improves mechanical properties compared to using just one type of fiber. Specifically, the basalt-Kevlar-S-glass tri-hybrid composite demonstrated a peak tensile strength of 354.37 N/mm², an outstanding flexural strength of 1350 N/mm², a maximum energy absorption capacity of 7.2 J, and the highest hardness level recorded at 115 RHN. These metrics reflect an exceptional ability to bear loads, resist bending, tolerate impacts, and maintain surface durability. The better performance is mainly due to how well the materials work together, the strong connections between the fibers and the matrix, and the added strength from the carbon filler. To support the experimental results, a TOPSIS analysis was done using Python, treating all criteria equally. The tri-hybrid composite demonstrated the highest closeness coefficient (CC = 1.000), thereby affirming its preeminence. The hybrid composites formulated exhibit significant promise for applications in lightweight automotive structures, specifically in the context of roof panels and load-bearing elements.
ON ANTI-FUZZY IMPLICATIVE AND ANTI-FUZZY SUB-IMPLICATIVE IDEALS IN Z-ALGEBRAS SVB Subrahmanyeswara Rao, T. Srinivasa Rao, M. Sowjanya, Raffi Mohammed, Naga Bhaskar C Journal of Mechanics of Continua and Mathematical Sciences, 2026 This paper presents a comprehensive examination of anti-fuzzy implicative and anti-fuzzy sub-implicative ideals in Z-algebras. Drawing from recent advances in algebraic fuzzy logic, we investigate the fundamental properties, structural relationships, and applications of these novel ideal concepts. We establish the interrelationships between fuzzy Z-ideals, fuzzy implicative ideals, and their anti-fuzzy counterparts, demonstrating that anti-fuzzy structures provide complementary frameworks for modelling uncertainty in non-associative algebraic systems. Key theoretical results include characterization theorems, preservation properties under homomorphisms, and conditions for equivalence between different ideal classes. Crucially, we provide formal derivations showing that the implicative condition implies the medial condition using Z-algebra axioms, and we verify the well-definedness of the supremum-based image construction under surjective homomorphisms. This research contributes to the broader understanding of how fuzzy and anti-fuzzy methodologies can coexist in abstract algebra to address limitations in classical ideal theory.
Advancements and Challenges in Additive Manufacturing: Future Directions and Implications for Sustainable Engineering Raffi Mohammed, Abdul Saddique Shaik, Subhani Mohammed, Kiran Kumar Bunga, Chiranjeevi Aggala, Bairysetti Prasad Babu, Irfan Anjum Badruddin Advance Sustainable Science Engineering and Technology, 2025 This study explores the recent advancements in additive manufacturing (AM) and its significant effects on various industries such as aerospace, automotive, medical, and casting. The research investigates how AM has the potential to enhance design flexibility, reduce weight, and optimize material performance through developments like adaptive algorithms, topology-based process planning, and multi-objective optimization techniques. These advancements have resulted in near-net-shape casting, improved surface finishes, and enhanced structural integrity. However, the widespread adoption of AM in the commercial sector faces challenges such as high costs, limited material compatibility, and inconsistent build quality. This paper assesses these limitations and suggests solutions such as enhanced design algorithms, AI-driven process monitoring, and the creation of sustainable materials to address them. By overcoming these barriers, AM can smoothly integrate into industrial environments and revolutionize manufacturing processes. The study emphasizes the importance of further exploration of AM's potential to drive innovation, sustainability, and productivity across different sectors.
Human-centric innovations and sustainable transformations: Bridging industry 5.0 and society 5.0 for smart manufacturing and resilient communities Raffi Mohammed, Prasad Babu Bayrisetti, Chiranjeevi Aggala, Sarma S. Subramanya, Kiran Kumar Bunga, Subhani Mohammed, Ranga Jarabala, Jagan Mohan Rao Saride AI and Digital Nomads Shaping Global Industrial Technology Transitions, 2025 The fusion of Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0 is driving sustainable transformations and human-centric innovations that enhance smart manufacturing and resilient communities. This chapter explores how AI, IoT, blockchain, and digital twins boost human-machine collaboration, leading to improved efficiency and industrial resilience. Innovations also introduce challenges, such as ethical AI and workforce adaptation. Society 5.0 aims to create smart ecosystems that foster economic progress, while Industry 5.0 emphasizes human-driven decision-making and circular economy practices to minimize environmental impact. The chapter analyzes challenges and opportunities, providing strategies to bridge gaps and accelerate sustainable innovations for an intelligent future.
FUTURE TRENDS AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING: AN ANALYTICAL PERSPECTIVE Raffi Mohammed, Bairysetti Prasad Babu, Subramanya Sarma S, C. Sailaja, Subhani Mohammed, Kiran Kumar Bunga, Chiranjeevi Aggala Journal of Mechanics of Continua and Mathematical Sciences, 2025 Engineering is a specially designed course that includes the application of knowledge explicitly in the field of science and natural phenomena. The fields of engineering, technology, and physical sciences have been growing towards a new era of development and innovation across the globe. They include many fields, and one such significant area is mechanical engineering, which deals with the construction, working principles, and applications of various types of machines. Technical data of the products based on their scientific principles, along with parameters, are involved in the development of mechanical engineering. With this background, this study is designed to look forward to the future directions and emerging technologies in mechanical engineering. This review study investigated the future direction and emerging technology in mechanical engineering. It also highlighted the purpose and significance of mechanical engineering and discussed some of the research questions in mechanical engineering. Future directions of learning and technology, mechanical invention and development, the transportation industry, electric vehicles, and the artificial intelligence industrial revolution are also mentioned in this study. Mechanical engineering is a growing field of technology across the world. This review study indicated that it is essential to have upgraded knowledge and skills in the field of engineering and technology in this modern era. Many theories can be applied in the mechanical field with the support of upgrades in technology. The direction of mechanical engineering study is to learn the mechanical aspects of different technologies and the knowledge about that technology to optimize its use.
Experimental Investigation on Mechanical Characterization of Epoxy-E-Glass Fiber-Particulate Reinforced Hybrid Composites Raffi Mohammed, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Abdul Saddique Shaik, Sarfaraz Kamangar, Abdul Azeem Khan ACS Omega, 2024 The present investigation focuses on the manufacturing and mechanical evaluation of epoxy-based composites reinforced with fiberglass with and without various particle fillers. The study explores the potential use of industrial wastes, such as coal powder (CP), coal fly ash (CFA), bagasse ash (BA), palm fruit ash (PFA), ash from rice husks (RHA), bone ash (BoA), marble/granite powder (MP), combinations of coal fly ash and coal powder (CFACP), blends of coal fly ash and marble powder (CFAMP), and combinations of coal fly ash and bone ash (CFABoA).The use of industrial factory wastes as a filler in polymer composite materials is becoming more and more common due to the improvement in structural characteristics compared to the pure epoxy-e-glass fiber composites. Composite manufacturing costs might be drastically reduced by using the above industrial wastes as reinforcing material, which would also solve the problems related to their disposal and ecological pollution. In previous research investigations, the comparative mechanical characteristic analysis of hybrid composites filled with two or more fillers has not been studied, which motivated us to take up the research on incorporation of the above listed industrial wastes as fillers. Different concentrations of these fillers are investigated, and the composites are formed successfully using a manual hand-layup approach. The mechanical properties assessed in accordance with ASTM Standards include micro-Vickers hardness (Hv), impact strength (IS), bending strength (TS), flexibility or flexural strength (FS), and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS). The form and amount of filler provided to the composite are considered when comparing each property of particle-loaded glass-reinforced epoxy composites. Some key findings from the investigation include: (1) Tensile Strength: unfilled composites exhibit a tensile strength of 252.19 MPa, marble powder causes the greatest drop in tensile strength, and CFACP-filled composites at 5 wt % yield the highest tensile strength of 251.42 MPa. (2) Flexural Strength: CFABoA-filled composites exhibit the highest peak bending strength of 860.22 MPa at 10 wt % and Peak ILSS of 34.317 MPa at 5 wt % is observed with CFABoA-filled composites. (3) Impact Strength and Hardness: CFACP-filled composites at 10 wt % show the maximum impact strength (2100 J/m) and hardness (62 Hv). (4) Effect of the Filler Percentage: mechanical characteristics of composites improve with increasing weight percentage of filler material, and Glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composites can be replaced with glass fiber-reinforced and particle-filled polymer-based hybrid composites for structural purposes. (5) Cost Considerations: hybrid composites based on CFACP-filled E-glass fiber-reinforced epoxy can be used instead of E-glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composites to reduce fabrication costs and "ER" epoxy resin usage. (6) Application Recommendation: the study suggests the use of CFACP-filled E-glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composites for constructing end posts in rail insulation junctions. In conclusion, the investigation provides valuable insights into the mechanical properties of epoxy-based composites with various fillers, offering potential applications in structural components with improved characteristics and cost-effectiveness.
DEVELOPMENT OF A THEORETICAL MODEL TO ESTIMATE THE EROSION WEAR RATE OF POLYMER COMPOSITES Raffi Mohammed Journal of Mechanics of Continua and Mathematical Sciences, 2024 Nowadays Polymeric materials reinforced with synthetic fibers play an incredible role in almost all spheres of day-to-day life due to their elevated stiffness, outstanding strength-to-weight ratio, and electrical, thermal, and wear properties. The accumulation of micro-fillers or particulates in polymeric components reinforced with fibers made from synthetic materials may enhance their properties compared to fiber-reinforced composites. Solid particle erosion of engineering components made up of polymer composites is a major industrial problem, and it is significantly affected by the components' mechanical characteristics and their working environment. Therefore, it's essential to research the polymer composites' solid particle erosion properties. One area that has attracted less research attention is the impact of particle fillers and E-glass fiber reinforcing on erosion wear characteristics. Because of its significance to science and industry, research in this area is especially needed about particle fillers. Furthermore, to properly design a machine or structural component and use materials that will increase wear resistance, one must have a thorough grasp of how every system variable affects wear rate. In this research article, to estimate the erosion damage induced by solid particle impact on composites without conducting the experiment on an air jet erosion test rig, a theoretical model is proposed. The successful implementation of this theoretical model can reduce the experimentation cost with good quantitative accuracy.
Effect of fillers on erosion wear rate of polymer matrix composites International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 2019
Fabrication, mechanical characterization, and selection of hybrid composites by TOPSIS International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 2019
Fabrication & erosion wear response of E-glass-epoxy based hybrid composites filled with CFA/CFACP International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 2019
Experimental investigations and ann approach on the performance characteristics of si engine with multi tip spark plug using methanol gasoline blends International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 2019
Synthetic fibers of polymer matrix composites- A review Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, 2018
Fabrication and mechanical characterization of glass/particulates reinforced polyester composites International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 2016
Effect of epoxy modifiers (Bagasse fiber/Bagasse ash/Coal powder/Coal fly ash) on mechanical properties of Epoxy / Glass fiber hybrid composites International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 2015
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Mechanical performance and python-based TOPSIS ranking of carbon-filled Kevlar/Basalt/S-glass hybrid epoxy composites for automotive structural applications R Mohammed, AS Shaik, M LL S, SR SV B, S Mohammed, KK Murthy Scientific Reports , 2026 2026 Citations: 2
Advanced Generative Al in Mechanical Design, Topology Optimization, Manufacturing Process R Mohammed The Generative Revolution: How AI is Transforming Creativity Innovation, and … , 2026 2026
A TOPSIS-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Framework for Mechanical Characterization of Polymer Matrix Composites R Mohammed, SS Nerella, PB Bairysetti, C Aggala, S Mohammed, ... Malaysian Journal on Composites Science and Manufacturing 18 (1), 1-17 , 2025 2025
Human-Centric Innovations and Sustainable Transformations: Bridging Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0 for Smart Manufacturing and Resilient Communities Raffi Mohammed et.al. AI and Digital Nomads Shaping Global Industrial Technology Transitions (DOI … , 2025 2025
Future Trends and Emerging Technologies in Mechanical Engineering: An Analytical Perspective RM al. Journal of Mechanics of Continua and Mathematical Sciences, ISSN (Online … , 2025 2025
Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Epoxy-Based S-Glass/Kevlar Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites Filled with Graphite Powder SM Dhanush Beemaraju, Raffi Mohammed, Sunil Rakkisa, Danush Chandana International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) 3 (6 … , 2025 2025
Analysis of abrasive wear characteristics in glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites: Optimization and mechanical property investigation R Mohammed, A Vijayalakshmi, R Velumayil, M Mamatha, S Priyalatha, ... AIP Conference Proceedings 3270 (1), 020206 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties in HDPE/sisal fiber biocomposites: An analysis of reinforcement ratios and heating rates R Mohammed, G Ramakrishna, T Kumarasan, SP Kanniyappan, ... AIP Conference Proceedings 3270 (1), 020203 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Advancements and challenges in additive manufacturing: future directions and implications for sustainable engineering R Mohammed, AS Shaik, S Mohammed, KK Bunga, C Aggala, BP Babu, ... Advance Sustainable Science Engineering and Technology 7 (1), 0250108-0250108 , 2025 2025 Citations: 10
Phase Changing Materials With A Special Focus On Recent Advancements-A Review R Mohammed, CS Kumar, MR Krishna, C Aggala, PB Bairysetti International Journal of Environmental Sciences 11 (1s), 2025 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Investigation of the Microstructure and Mechanical Characterization of an Aluminum-12 wt% Silicon Alloy Processed using Die and Centrifugal Casting Processes BNA Reddy, S Devaraj, GS Shashikant, NVS Goriparti, R Mohammed Journal of Bio-and Tribo-Corrosion 10 (4), 103 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Experimental investigation on mechanical characterization of epoxy-E-glass fiber-particulate reinforced hybrid composites R Mohammed, IA Badruddin, AS Shaik, S Kamangar, AA Khan ACS omega 9 (23), 24761-24773 , 2024 2024 Citations: 18
Development of a Theoretical Model to Estimate the Erosion Wear Rate of Polymer Composites R Mohammed, C Sailaja, S Mohammed, KK Bunga Journal of Mechanics of Continua and Mathematical Sciences 19 (2), 25-38 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Effect of industrial wastes as epoxy modifiers on mechanical characteristics of E-glass fiber reinforced hybrid composites DRM MAYANA PACHAKHAN, Dr. AV RAVIPRAKASH, Dr.MOHAMMED ALI S International Conference on Advanced Materials and Mechanical … , 2022 2022
Fabrication and mechanical characterization of glass fiber reinforced epoxy with CFA and SiC P Mayana, G Kavyasree, P Lakshmi Narasimhulu, SG Althaf Hussain, ... IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1248 (1), 012081 , 2022 2022 Citations: 2
EVALUATION OF WATER ABSORPTION BEHAVIOUR OF EPOXY-GLASS FIBER COMPOSITES FILLED WITH RICE HUSK ASH RM Challagulla Yamini, M. Rajesh, Prof. K Sridhar Journal of Critical Reviews 7 (2), 852-859 , 2020 2020
Experimental Investigations And ANN Approach On The Performance Characteristics Of SI Engine With Multi Tip Spark Plug Using Methanol Gasoline Blends SKS Danaiah Puli, B.Anitha Pravalli, Raffi Mohammed International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research 8 (10), 2107-2112 , 2019 2019 Citations: 1
A Review on Erosive Wear Behavior of Polymer Matrix Hybrid Composites R Mohammed, BR Reddy, AS Shaik, A Manoj International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology 127 (1), 37-56 , 2019 2019
Effect of fillers on erosion wear rate of polymer matrix composites R MOHAMMED International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 8 (5 … , 2019 2019 Citations: 5
Fabrication, Mechanical Characterization and Selection of Hybrid Composites by TOPSIS R Mohammed International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 8 (1 … , 2019 2019 Citations: 8
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
A CFD investigation of heat transfer enhancement of shell and tube heat exchanger using Al2O3-water nanofluid K Somasekhar, KNDM Rao, V Sankararao, R Mohammed, M Veerendra, ... Materials Today: Proceedings 5 (1), 1057-1062 , 2018 2018 Citations: 53
Effect of epoxy modifiers (bagasse fiber/bagasse ash/coal powder/coal fly ash) on mechanical properties of epoxy/glass fiber hybrid composites R Mohammed, BRG Reddy, VS Reddy, MA Ali Int. J. Appl. Eng. Res 10 (24), 45625-45630 , 2015 2015 Citations: 19
Experimental investigation on mechanical characterization of epoxy-E-glass fiber-particulate reinforced hybrid composites R Mohammed, IA Badruddin, AS Shaik, S Kamangar, AA Khan ACS omega 9 (23), 24761-24773 , 2024 2024 Citations: 18
Advancements and challenges in additive manufacturing: future directions and implications for sustainable engineering R Mohammed, AS Shaik, S Mohammed, KK Bunga, C Aggala, BP Babu, ... Advance Sustainable Science Engineering and Technology 7 (1), 0250108-0250108 , 2025 2025 Citations: 10
Fabrication & Erosion wear Response of E-Glass-Epoxy Based Hybrid Composites filled with CFA/CFACP R MOHAMMED International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 8 (3 … , 2019 2019 Citations: 9
Mechanical Characterization & TOPSIS ranking of glass fiber reinforced particulate filled epoxy based hybrid composites R Mohammed, BR Reddy, S Kakarla, BB Krishna, MP Khan Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences ISSN 974, 2115 , 2017 2017 Citations: 9
Fabrication, Mechanical Characterization and Selection of Hybrid Composites by TOPSIS R Mohammed International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 8 (1 … , 2019 2019 Citations: 8
Simulation and CFD Analysis of Various Combustion Chamber Geometry of A C.I Engine Using CFX RM SK ABDUL SIDDIQUE International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES) 5 (8), 33-39 , 2016 2016 Citations: 8
Hybridization effect on mechanical properties and erosion wear of epoxy-glass composites R Mohammed, BR Reddy, AS Shaik, JS Suresh International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 8 … , 2019 2019 Citations: 7
Synthetic Fibers of Polymer Matrix Composites- A Review R MOHAMMED Jour of Adv Research in Dynamical & Control Systems(JARDCS) 10 (sp-9), 2733-2743 , 2018 2018 Citations: 7
Modeling and analysis of drive shaft assembly using FEA R Mohammed, KNDM Rao, M Khadeeruddin Int J Eng Res Dev 8 (2), 62-66 , 2013 2013 Citations: 7
Design and Analysis of a Two-jaw parallel Pneumatic Gripper M Khadeeruddin, T Prasad, R Mohammed International Journal of Computational Engineering Research 3 (12), 41-46 , 2013 2013 Citations: 7
Effect of CaCO3 and Al2O3 fillers on mechanical properties of glass/epoxy composites K Sai Sravani, B Ram Gopal Reddy, R Mohammed Int. J. Mod. Trends Sci. Technol 3, 207-213 , 2017 2017 Citations: 6
Effect of natural fillers on mechanical properties of epoxy-glass reinforced hybrid composites and their ranking by Topsis S JS, MP Devi, R Mohammed, CN Bhaskar, NRI Principal International Journal of Engineering Science 4627 , 2016 2016 Citations: 6
Effect of fillers on erosion wear rate of polymer matrix composites R MOHAMMED International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 8 (5 … , 2019 2019 Citations: 5
Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Glass/Particulates Reinforced Polyester Composites JS Suresh, DMP Devi, R Mohammed International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology 7 (5), 380-387 , 2016 2016 Citations: 5
Development of a Theoretical Model to Estimate the Erosion Wear Rate of Polymer Composites R Mohammed, C Sailaja, S Mohammed, KK Bunga Journal of Mechanics of Continua and Mathematical Sciences 19 (2), 25-38 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Design and analysis of a steel and composite material leaf spring J Suresh, K Muneendra, R Mohammed Int. J. Mod. Trends Sci. Technol 5, 12-20 , 2019 2019 Citations: 3
Analysis of Automotive Intake Manifold Using CAE Software S Surendra, V Teja, BS Rao, R Mohammed International Journal of Scientific Research and Review 7 (2), 26-33 , 2018 2018 Citations: 3
Characterization of marble powder filled epoxy composites R Mohammed, BR Kumar, Y Venkatesh, R Kumar, SA Azeez Int J Sci Res Rev 7, 206-215 , 2018 2018 Citations: 3