Diffusion Correction in Fricke Hydrogel Dosimeters: A Deep Learning Approach with 2D and 3D Physics-Informed Neural Network Models Mattia Romeo, Grazia Cottone, Maria Cristina D’Oca, Antonio Bartolotta, Salvatore Gallo, et al. Gels, 2024 In this work an innovative approach was developed to address a significant challenge in the field of radiation dosimetry: the accurate measurement of spatial dose distributions using Fricke gel dosimeters. Hydrogels are widely used in radiation dosimetry due to their ability to simulate the tissue-equivalent properties of human tissue, making them ideal for measuring and mapping radiation dose distributions. Among the various gel dosimeters, Fricke gels exploit the radiation-induced oxidation of ferrous ions to ferric ions and are particularly notable due to their sensitivity. The concentration of ferric ions can be measured using various techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or spectrophotometry. While Fricke gels offer several advantages, a significant hurdle to their widespread application is the diffusion of ferric ions within the gel matrix. This phenomenon leads to a blurring of the dose distribution over time, compromising the accuracy of dose measurements. To mitigate the issue of ferric ion diffusion, researchers have explored various strategies such as the incorporation of additives or modification of the gel composition to either reduce the mobility of ferric ions or stabilize the gel matrix. The computational method proposed leverages the power of artificial intelligence, particularly deep learning, to mitigate the effects of ferric ion diffusion that can compromise measurement precision. By employing Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs), the method introduces a novel way to apply physical laws directly within the learning process, optimizing the network to adhere to the principles governing ion diffusion. This is particularly advantageous for solving the partial differential equations that describe the diffusion process in 2D and 3D. By inputting the spatial distribution of ferric ions at a given time, along with boundary conditions and the diffusion coefficient, the model can backtrack to accurately reconstruct the original ion distribution. This capability is crucial for enhancing the fidelity of 3D spatial dose measurements, ensuring that the data reflect the true dose distribution without the artifacts introduced by ion migration. Here, multidimensional models able to handle 2D and 3D data were developed and tested against dose distributions numerically evolved in time from 20 to 100 h. The results in terms of various metrics show a significant agreement in both 2D and 3D dose distributions. In particular, the mean square error of the prediction spans the range 1×10−6–1×10−4, while the gamma analysis results in a 90–100% passing rate with 3%/2 mm, depending on the elapsed time, the type of distribution modeled and the dimensionality. This method could expand the applicability of Fricke gel dosimeters to a wider range of measurement tasks, from simple planar dose assessments to intricate volumetric analyses. The proposed technique holds great promise for overcoming the limitations imposed by ion diffusion in Fricke gel dosimeters.
Open-Source Image-Based Tool to Experimentally Evaluate Blood Residence Time in Clinical Devices Giorgio Menallo, Roberto Miraglia, Roberta Gerasia, Federica Cosentino, Pietro Terranova, et al. ASAIO Journal, 2024 This article introduces an open-source tool to experimentally compare blood residence time in biomedical devices using an image-based method. The experimental setup and the postprocessing workflow are comprehensively elucidated in a detailed report that conducts a thorough comparison of the residence times of a blood analog within three distinct blood oxygenator prototypes. To enable widespread accessibility and ease of use, the user-friendly MATLAB App developed for the analysis is available on the Mathworks repository: https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/135156.
Diversity, equity, and inclusion in interventional radiology: results from a national survey on gender, parenthood, and workplace environment in Italy G Carpanelli, R Gerasia, A Roletto, L Bombelli, L Federico Radiography, 103370 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Survey on the use of patient contact shielding during radiological practice: The European radiographers’ perspective L Federico, A Roletto, L Manzo, L Canulli, I Nieri, S Panci, D Catania, ... Radiography 32 (1), 103241 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Redefining roadmap imaging in interventional radiology: A roadmap acquisition mode (RAM)/mask recall mode (MRM) classification for standardization and interventional … L Federico, A Roletto, S Panci, L Manzo, D Montefoschi, L Marcucci, ... Radiography, 103292 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Patients’ radiation exposure during TIPS creation in a high-volume referral hospital R Gerasia, R Miraglia, L Maruzzelli, D Coppolino, G Fiorello, ... Radiography, 103287 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Operational management of X-ray protective devices in radiology: An integrated practice protocol for integrity, functionality, and infection control R Gerasia, L Federico, G Fiorello, M Campanella, A Sala, R Miraglia Radiography, 103230 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Outcomes of Post-transplant Percutaneous Portal Vein Interventions: A Single Pediatric Liver Transplantation Center Experience: G. Messana et al.: Outcomes of Post-transplant … G Messana, R Miraglia, L Maruzzelli, D Coppolino, M Milazzo, R Gerasia, ... CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology 48 (7), 1030-1041 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Diffusion Correction in Fricke Hydrogel Dosimeters: A Deep Learning Approach with 2D and 3D Physics-Informed Neural Network Models M Romeo, G Cottone, MC D’Oca, A Bartolotta, S Gallo, R Miraglia, ... Gels 10 (9), 565 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Deep learning approach for diffusion correction in Fricke hydrogel dosimeters M Romeo, G Cottone, MC D’Oca, A Bartolotta, R Miraglia, R Gerasia, ... Radiation Measurements 175, 107171 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Open-Source Image-Based Tool to Experimentally Evaluate Blood Residence Time in Clinical Devices G Menallo, R Miraglia, R Gerasia, F Cosentino, P Terranova, M Barbuto, ... ASAIO Journal 70 (5), 451-455 , 2024 2024
A critical appraisal of the quality of management guidelines of COVID-19 in the radiology department using the AGREE II Tool: A EuroAIM Initiative L Nicotera, P Cornacchione, R Gerasia, L Giovannelli, G Scurto, CB Monti, ... European Congress of Radiology-ECR 2024 , 2024 2024
Radiation dose to multidisciplinary staff members during complex interventional procedures by Mussmann et al.: a gap in the literature review R Gerasia, R Miraglia Radiography 30 (2), 694 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Feasibility of ultra-low volume contrast-saline mixture injection with dual-flow technique in a pre-TAVI computed tomography angiography GS Gallo, C Caruso, E Iannazzo, C Cannataci, R Gerasia, C Tafaro, ... Heart, Lung and Circulation 32 (4), 525-534 , 2023 2023 Citations: 2
Embolization of a Renal Solid Bleeding Lesion in Intensive Care Unit in a Critically Ill Patient with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus Infection and … R Gerasia, G Panarello, R Miraglia Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology 45 (6), 892-894 , 2022 2022
COVID-19 safety measures at the Radiology Unit of a Transplant Institute: The non-COVID-19 patient’s confidence with safety procedures R Gerasia, G Mamone, S Amato, A Cucchiara, GS Gallo, C Tafaro, ... La radiologia medica 127 (4), 426-432 , 2022 2022 Citations: 6
Occupational burnout among radiation therapy technologists in Italy before and during COVID-19 pandemic M Zanardo, P Cornacchione, E Marconi, L Dinapoli, F Fellin, R Gerasia, ... Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences 53 (1), 58-64 , 2022 2022 Citations: 15
Local diagnostic reference levels for pediatric retrograde wedge portography interventional procedures using a dose monitoring software at a transplantation institute R Gerasia, C Cannataci, GS Gallo, C Tafaro, L Maruzzelli, K Cortis, ... Radiation Protection Dosimetry 198 (1-2), 100-108 , 2022 2022 Citations: 5
Patient perceptions and knowledge of ionizing radiation from medical imaging L Bastiani, F Paolicchi, L Faggioni, M Martinelli, R Gerasia, C Martini, ... JAMA Network Open 4 (10), e2128561 , 2021 2021 Citations: 88
A critical appraisal of the quality of guidelines for radiation protection in interventional radiology using the AGREE II tool: A EuroAIM initiative M Zanardo, R Gerasia, L Giovannelli, G Scurto, P Cornacchione, A Cozzi, ... European Journal of Radiology 143, 109906 , 2021 2021 Citations: 5
Transjugular biopsy of a liver focal lesion in an obese patient using cone-beam computed tomography guidance R Gerasia, GS Gallo, C Tafaro, A Cucchiara, L Maruzzelli, R Miraglia Radiography 27 (2), 751-753 , 2021 2021 Citations: 4
Patient Perceptions and Knowledge of Ionizing Radiation From Medical Imaging. JAMA Network Open, 4 (10), e2128561 L Bastiani, F Paolicchi, L Faggioni, M Martinelli, R Gerasia, C Martini, ... 2021 Citations: 5
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Patient perceptions and knowledge of ionizing radiation from medical imaging L Bastiani, F Paolicchi, L Faggioni, M Martinelli, R Gerasia, C Martini, ... JAMA Network Open 4 (10), e2128561 , 2021 2021 Citations: 88
Radiation doses to operators performing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt using a flat-panel detector-based system and ultrasound guidance for portal vein targeting R Miraglia, R Gerasia, L Maruzzelli, M D’Amico, A Luca European radiology 27 (5), 1783-1786 , 2017 2017 Citations: 27
Radiation doses to operators in hepatobiliary interventional procedures S Degiorgio, R Gerasia, F Liotta, L Maruzzelli, K Cortis, R Miraglia, A Luca CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology 41 (5), 772-780 , 2018 2018 Citations: 23
Occupational burnout among radiation therapy technologists in Italy before and during COVID-19 pandemic M Zanardo, P Cornacchione, E Marconi, L Dinapoli, F Fellin, R Gerasia, ... Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences 53 (1), 58-64 , 2022 2022 Citations: 15
Digital subtraction angiography during transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation or revision: data on radiation exposure and image quality obtained using a … R Miraglia, L Maruzzelli, K Cortis, C Tafaro, R Gerasia, C Parisi, A Luca Abdominal imaging 40 (6), 1808-1812 , 2015 2015 Citations: 14
Removal of the antiscatter grid during routine biliary interventional procedures performed in a flat-panel interventional suite: preliminary data on image quality and patient … K Cortis, R Miraglia, L Maruzzelli, R Gerasia, C Tafaro, A Luca Cardiovascular and interventional radiology 37 (4), 1078-1082 , 2014 2014 Citations: 13
Radiation exposure during transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation in patients with complete portal vein thrombosis or portal cavernoma R Miraglia, L Maruzzelli, C Cannataci, R Gerasia, G Mamone, K Cortis, ... La radiologia medica 125 (7), 609-617 , 2020 2020 Citations: 12
Comparison between radiation exposure levels using an image intensifier and a flat-panel detector-based system in image-guided central venous catheter placement in children … R Miraglia, L Maruzzelli, K Cortis, M Piazza, R Gerasia, S Maggio, ... Pediatric radiology 45 (2), 235-240 , 2015 2015 Citations: 9
COVID-19 safety measures at the Radiology Unit of a Transplant Institute: The non-COVID-19 patient’s confidence with safety procedures R Gerasia, G Mamone, S Amato, A Cucchiara, GS Gallo, C Tafaro, ... La radiologia medica 127 (4), 426-432 , 2022 2022 Citations: 6
Feasibility of combined ECG-Gated and Helical acquisition mode in a pre-TAVI computed tomography angiography protocol using a fixed low-volume contrast medium injection GS Gallo, R Gerasia, C Caruso, C Tafaro, E Iannazzo, C Cannataci, ... European Journal of Radiology 131, 109239 , 2020 2020 Citations: 6
Endoscopist’s occupational dose evaluation related to correct wearing of dosimeter during X-ray-guided procedures R Gerasia, D Ligresti, F Cipolletta, A Granata, I Tarantino, L Barresi, ... Endoscopy international open 7 (03), E367-E371 , 2019 2019 Citations: 6
Local diagnostic reference levels for pediatric retrograde wedge portography interventional procedures using a dose monitoring software at a transplantation institute R Gerasia, C Cannataci, GS Gallo, C Tafaro, L Maruzzelli, K Cortis, ... Radiation Protection Dosimetry 198 (1-2), 100-108 , 2022 2022 Citations: 5
A critical appraisal of the quality of guidelines for radiation protection in interventional radiology using the AGREE II tool: A EuroAIM initiative M Zanardo, R Gerasia, L Giovannelli, G Scurto, P Cornacchione, A Cozzi, ... European Journal of Radiology 143, 109906 , 2021 2021 Citations: 5
Patient Perceptions and Knowledge of Ionizing Radiation From Medical Imaging. JAMA Network Open, 4 (10), e2128561 L Bastiani, F Paolicchi, L Faggioni, M Martinelli, R Gerasia, C Martini, ... 2021 Citations: 5
Diffusion Correction in Fricke Hydrogel Dosimeters: A Deep Learning Approach with 2D and 3D Physics-Informed Neural Network Models M Romeo, G Cottone, MC D’Oca, A Bartolotta, S Gallo, R Miraglia, ... Gels 10 (9), 565 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Transjugular biopsy of a liver focal lesion in an obese patient using cone-beam computed tomography guidance R Gerasia, GS Gallo, C Tafaro, A Cucchiara, L Maruzzelli, R Miraglia Radiography 27 (2), 751-753 , 2021 2021 Citations: 4
Fluoroscopy-guided biliary procedures in a pregnant, liver transplant patient: fetus radiation protection R Gerasia, C Cannataci, GS Gallo, C Tafaro, C Caruso, L Maruzzelli, ... Radiation Protection Dosimetry 192 (3), 396-401 , 2020 2020 Citations: 3
Deep learning approach for diffusion correction in Fricke hydrogel dosimeters M Romeo, G Cottone, MC D’Oca, A Bartolotta, R Miraglia, R Gerasia, ... Radiation Measurements 175, 107171 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Feasibility of ultra-low volume contrast-saline mixture injection with dual-flow technique in a pre-TAVI computed tomography angiography GS Gallo, C Caruso, E Iannazzo, C Cannataci, R Gerasia, C Tafaro, ... Heart, Lung and Circulation 32 (4), 525-534 , 2023 2023 Citations: 2
Occupational radiation dose performing hepatobiliary minimally invasive procedures in children weighing less than 20 kg R Gerasia, C Cannataci, L Maruzzelli, C Caruso, F Liotta, A Cucchiara, ... Radiation Protection Dosimetry 188 (1), 56-64 , 2020 2020 Citations: 2