Ugur Azizoglu
@kayseri.edu.tr
Safiye Cikrikcioglu Vocational College
Kayseri University
Dr. Ugur Azizoglu is a lecturer at Crop and Animal Production Department, Kayseri University, Kayseri,Turkey. He graduated from Erciyes University, Faculty of Science, and Department of Biology in July 2007 and from Masters of Science degree in Biology in June 2009. He completed his PhD at Erciyes University in July 2014. Also he graduated from Erciyes University, Seyrani Faculty of Agriculture, and Department of Agricultural Biotechnology in February 2020. He has focused on Entomopathogenic bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis), especially genes cloning, expression, and Cry protein interaction. Microbial biotechnology is his current study system. He has collaborated actively with researchers in several other disciplines of Microbial Control (Biological control) system. Azizoglu has joined on roughly fourty conference and workshop program and has served as reviewer several international journals.
EDUCATION
Erciyes University, Seyrani Faculty of Agriculture: Kayseri, TR
2013-09-01 to 2020-02-17 | B.Sc. (Agricultural Biotechnology)Education
Erciyes University: Kayseri, TR
2009-09-11 to 2014-08-14 | Ph.D (Biology)
Erciyes University: Kayseri, TR
2007-09-09 to 2009-08-13 | M.Sc. (Biology)
Erciyes University: Kayseri, TR
2003-09-12 to 2007-07-12 | B.Sc. (Biology)
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Microbial biotechnology; Biological Control; Molecular cloning; Microbial control and Entomopathogenic bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis.)
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Sandamali Harshani Kumari Hathurusinghe, Ugur Azizoglu, and Jae-Ho Shin
MDPI AG
Plants select microorganisms from the surrounding bulk soil, which act as a reservoir of microbial diversity and enrich a rhizosphere microbiome that helps in growth and stress alleviation. Plants use organic compounds that are released through root exudates to shape the rhizosphere microbiome. These organic compounds are of various spectrums and technically gear the interplay between plants and the microbial world. Although plants naturally produce organic compounds that influence the microbial world, numerous efforts have been made to boost the efficiency of the microbiome through the addition of organic compounds. Despite further crucial investigations, synergistic effects from organic compounds and beneficial bacteria combinations have been reported. In this review, we examine the relationship between organic compounds and beneficial bacteria in determining plant growth and biotic and abiotic stress alleviation. We investigate the molecular mechanism and biochemical responses of bacteria to organic compounds, and we discuss the plant growth modifications and stress alleviation done with the help of beneficial bacteria. We then exhibit the synergistic effects of both components to highlight future research directions to dwell on how microbial engineering and metagenomic approaches could be utilized to enhance the use of beneficial microbes and organic compounds.
Angélica Herrera-Sepúlveda, Leandris Argentel-Martínez, Ofelda Peñuelas-Rubio, and Ugur Azizoglu
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Ugur Azizoglu, Gholamreza Salehi Jouzani, Estibaliz Sansinenea, and Vincent Sanchis-Borja
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Zehra Busra Azizoglu, Semih Yilmaz, Ugur Azizoglu, Salih Karabörklü, Rıdvan Temizgul, and Abdurrahman Ayvaz
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Ugur Azizoglu, Nihat Yilmaz, Ozhan Simsek, Jerald Conrad Ibal, Setu Bazie Tagele, and Jae-Ho Shin
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) can be an excellent and eco-friendly alternative to the use of chemical fertilizers. While PGPRs are often used in traditional agriculture to facilitate yield increases, their use in soilless agriculture has been limited. Soilless agriculture is growing in popularity among commercial farmers because it eliminates soil-borne problems, and the essential strategy is to keep the system as clean as possible. However, a new trend is the inclusion of PGPRs to enhance plant development. Despite the plethora of research that has been performed to date, there remains a huge knowledge gap that needs to be addressed to facilitate the commercialization of PGPRs for sustainable soilless agriculture. Hence, the development of proper strategies and additional research and trials are required. The present review provides an update on recent developments in the use of PGPRs in soilless agriculture, examining these bacteria from different perspectives in an attempt to generate critical discussion and aid in the understanding of the interaction between soilless agriculture and PGPRs.
Ugur Azizoglu, Gholamreza Salehi Jouzani, Nihat Yilmaz, Ethem Baz, and Duran Ozkok
Elsevier BV
Entomopathogenic bacteria (EPBs), insect pathogens that produce pest-specific toxins, are environmentally-friendly alternatives to chemical insecticides. However, the most important problem with EPBs application is their limited field stability. Moreover, environmental factors such as solar radiation, leaf temperature, and vapor pressure can affect the pathogenicity of these pathogens and their toxins. Scientists have conducted intensive research to overcome such problems. Genetic engineering has great potential for the development of new engineered entomopathogens with more resistance to adverse environmental factors. Genetically modified entomopathogenic bacteria (GM-EPBs) have many advantages over wild EPBs, such as higher pathogenicity, lower spraying requirements and longer-term persistence. Genetic manipulations have been mostly applied to members of the bacterial genera Bacillus, Lysinibacillus, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus. Although many researchers have found that GM-EPBs can be used safely as plant protection bioproducts, limited attention has been paid to their potential ecological impacts. The main concerns about GM-EPBs and their products are their potential unintended effects on beneficial insects (predators, parasitoids, pollinators, etc.) and rhizospheric bacteria. This review address recent update on the significant role of GM-EPBs in biological control, examining them through different perspectives in an attempt to generate critical discussion and aid in the understanding of their potential ecological impacts.
Ugur Azizoglu
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a gram-positive spore-forming soil microorganism. Because the insecticidal activities of Bt are well known, it has been used as a tool for insect pest control worldwide. The beneficial features of Bt are not limited to its role as an insecticide; it is also used to control phytopathogenic fungi via chitinolytic activity. Bt-related studies are mostly focused on its biocontrol properties. However, studies focusing on the biostimulation and biofertilizer features of Bt, including its interactions with plants, are limited. Bt is a successful endophyte in many plants and can directly promote their development or indirectly induce plant growth by suppressing diseases. Although there are various commercial biopesticide Bt-based products, there are no commercial Bt-based plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria products on the biofertilizer market. As novel Bt strain exploration increases, there will likely be new Bt-based products with powerful biofertilizer activities in the future. The objective of this paper is to review, discuss, and evaluate the exceptional features of Bt as a plant growth promoter.
Salih Karabörklü, Urgur Azizoglu, Semih Yilmaz, Abdurrahman Ayvaz, and Mehmet Akdeniz
"Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Ugur Azizoglu
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with highly nutritional values are cultivated worldwide. Bean seeds are commonly exposed to bruchid attacks throughout the storage. Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say), also known as the bean weevil, is one of the most important insect pests and causes significant economic losses each year in warehouses. Chemical and alternative methods are commonly used to control A. obtectus. However, alternative control methods are getting popular because of negative impacts of chemicals on environment and human health. Identification and development of natural resistant bean genotypes may constitute a good alternative in fighting against bruchid pests. In this study, seed testa thickness and biochemical properties of 13 commonly grown Turkish bean genotypes were investigated, their resistance against damage caused by A. obtectus was determined, and finally the correlations among all these parameters were investigated. The highest ash and oil content was observed in Yakutiye-98 genotype while the highest protein and fiber ratio was observed in Noyanbey-98 and Zülbiye genotypes, respectively. The highest moisture ratio was observed in Karacaşehir-90 genotype. Akdağ, Akman-98, Noyanbey-98 and Kırıkkale genotypes were found to be more resistant against A. obtectus than the other genotypes and the lowest infection rates were detected in these genotypes. Consequently, Akdağ, Akman-98, Noyanbey-98 and Kırıkkale genotypes which were resistant to A. obtectus can be recommended to farmers for cultivation in Turkey.
Salih Karabörklü, Ugur Azizoglu, and Zehra Busra Azizoglu
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Although the use of chemical pesticides has decreased in recent years, it is still a common method of pest control. However, chemical use leads to challenging problems. The harm caused by these chemicals and the length of time that they will remain in the environment is of great concern to the future and safety of humans. Therefore, developing new pest control agents that are safer and environmentally compatible, as well as assuring their widespread use is important. Entomopathogenic agents are microorganisms that play an important role in the biological control of pest insects and are eco-friendly alternatives to chemical control. They consist of viruses (non-cellular organisms), bacteria (prokaryotic organisms), fungi and protists (eukaryotic organisms), and nematodes (multicellular organisms). Genetic modification (recombinant technology) provides potential new methods for developing entomopathogens to manage pests. In this review, we focus on the important roles of recombinant entomopathogens in terms of pest insect control, placing them into perspective with other views to discuss, examine and evaluate the use of entomopathogenic agents in biological control.
Semih Yilmaz, Ugur Azizoglu, Abdurrahman Ayvaz, Ridvan Temizgul, Zehra Büşra Atciyurt, and Salih Karabörklü
Elsevier BV
Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) (Bt) is well known for having toxicity against pest insects because of their ability to form endospores and broad-range activity of their parasporal inclusions. In this study, a new member of cry2A gene from previously characterized native B. thuringiensis SY49-1 strain was cloned, expressed and used for its activity against Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae. The sequence analysis of the cloned cry2A gene revealed that it encodes a polypeptide of 633 aa residues with 99% identity to Cry2Aa protein with expected molecular weight of 70.7 kDa. Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin nomenclature committee designed our sequence as Cry2Aa18 being a new member of Bt toxins. Bioassays against last instar larvae of C. pipiens indicated that Cry2Aa18 has considerable toxicity with LC50 of 630 μg ml-1. In order to prevent the spread of infectious diseases mediated by C. pipiens, this newly characterized cry2Aa18 gene could constitute as an important biological control tool for controlling mosquito larvae living in freshwater systems and can be used as a good alternative for minimizing the use of chemicals.
Ugur Azizoglu, Abdurrahman Ayvaz, Semih Yılmaz, Salih Karabörklü, and Rıdvan Temizgul
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
In this study, the cry1Ab gene of previously characterized and Lepidoptera-, Diptera-, and Coleoptera-active Bacillus thuringiensis SY49-1 strain was cloned, expressed and individually tested on Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae. pET-cry1Ab plasmids were constructed by ligating the cry1Ab into pET28a (+) expression vector. Constructed plasmids were transferred to an Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) strain rendered competent with CaCl2. Isopropyl β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside was used to induce the expression of cry1Ab in E. coli BL21(DE3), and consequently, ∼130 kDa of Cry1Ab was obtained. Bioassay results indicated that recombinant Cry1Ab at a dose of 1000 μg g−1 caused 40% and 64% mortality on P. interpunctella and E. kuehniella larvae, respectively. However, the mortality rates of Bt SY49-1 strains’ spore–crystal mixture at the same dose were observed to be 70% on P. interpunctella and 90% on E. kuehniella larvae. The results indicated that cry1Ab may be considered as a good candidate in transgenic crop production and as an alternative biocontrol agent in controlling stored product moths.
U. Azizoglu, A. Ayvaz, S. Yılmaz, and R. Temizgul
Wiley
Cry1Ab and Cry2Aa were overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), and their proportions were determined for evaluating their synergic and antagonistic interactions on Ephestia kuehniella and Plodia interpunctella. Results indicated antagonistic interaction on both lepidopteran pests, and it was concluded that 1 : 1 combination of Cry1Ab:Cry2Aa should be avoided in control programmes for these larvae.
U. AZIZOGLU
Applied Ecology and Environmental Research
Free-living nematodes play an important role in nutrient cycling. The study was designed to characterize insect-associated free-living soil nematodes in Rhabditida order from Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey using their 28S rDNA sequences and phylogenetic analysis. A total of 105 soil samples were taken from different habitats. Galleria baiting technique was used to obtain free-living nematodes. The nematodes were harvested from cadavers of last instar Galleria mellonella larvaeafter trapping process. Free-living soil nematodes were detected in 14 soil samples (13.3%). PCR products obtained from 28S rDNA of isolates were sequenced and phylogenetic trees created. BLASTN homology searches and phylogenetic tree results constructed by Neighbour Joining and Bootstrap Tree methods. Results showed that these insect-associated isolates were determined as species belonging to Rhabditidae (Rhabditis terricola and Mesorhabditis sp.), Chambersiellidae (Macrolaimus sp.) and Cephalobidae (Cephalobus sp., Pseudacrobeles sp. and Acrobeloides sp.) families in Rhabditida. Free-living nematodes interact with many arthropods and other invertebrate species. These interactions are also important for their use in biological control program. In this study, these interactions between free-living nematodeinsect,–arthropod and–invertebrate are discussed.
Ugur Azizoglu, Semih Yılmaz, Abdurrahman Ayvaz, and Salih Karabörklü
Informa UK Limited
In the present study, the potential hazard of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) kurstaki HD1 spore-crystal mixture (spore/δ-endotoxin) on parasitization performance and longevity of female egg parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens Westwood was evaluated. For this purpose, Bt kurstaki HD1 was incubated at 30 °C in T3 medium at 200 rpm for seven days. Lyophilized spore-crystal mixture (5000 µg mL−1) was mixed with 50% honey solution and supplied to 0–24 h old T. evanescens adults as a nutrient to ensure the ingestion of the toxins by the parasitoids. The results indicated that spore-crystal mixture of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Btk) HD1 did not induce considerable decrease in parasitization performance and longevity of T. evanescens adults. Thus, it can be concluded that Btk HD1 products can safely be used together with egg parasitoid T. evanescens in integrated pest management system to compensate the deficiency of each control tactic alone.
S. Karabörklü, A. Ayvaz, S. Yilmaz, U. Azizoglu, and M. Akbulut
Informa UK Limited
Two native entomopathogenic nematodes were isolated from soil samples in Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey and characterized based on 28S rDNA region. BLASTN homology and phylogenetic analysis of SK17 and SK-71 isolates indicated 98% and 99% identity to Steinernema affine and Steinernema feltiae, respectively. The results were constructed by neighbour-joining and bootstrap tree methods. Efficacy of S. affine (SK-17 strain) and S. feltiae (SK-71 strain) was tested against the larvae of pine processionary moth, Thaumetopoea wilkinsoni Tams, and remarkable mortality rates were obtained. Both strains caused complete mortality upon application of 500 IJs in foliar tests. However, the same strains caused 30% and 33% mortality at 80 IJs/cm2 in soil applications. It was concluded that these native strains could be considered as potential biocontrol agents for reducing the damage caused by T. wilkinsoni larvae.
Salih Karabörklü, Abdurrahman Ayvaz, Semih Yilmaz, and Ugur Azizoglu
National Library of Serbia
Free-living soil nematodes have successfully adapted world-wide to nearly all soil types from the highest to the lowest of elevations. In the current study, nematodes were isolated from soil samples and fungi associated with these free-living soil nematodes were determined. Large subunit (LSU) rDNAs of nematode-associated fungi were amplified and sequenced to construct phylogenetic trees. Nematode-associated fungi were observed in six nematode strains belonging to Acrobeloides, Steinernema and Cephalobus genera in different habitats. Malassezia and Cladosporium fungal strains indicated an association with Acrobeloides and Cephalobus nematodes, while Alternaria strains demonstrated an association with the Steinernema strain. Interactions between fungi and free-living nematodes in soil are discussed. We suggest that nematodes act as vectors for fungi.
S. Yilmaz, S. Karabörklü and Uğur Azizoğlu
Pine processionary moth, Thaumetopoea wilkinsoni Tams, is an important defoliating lepidopteran pest of pine trees. The aim of this study was to determine the required spore-crystal concentration of local Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolates, optimal ambient temperature, and larval stage to control this troublesome forest pest. The susceptibility of T. wilkinsoni larvae decreased with older stage and lower temperatures. The optimum temperature was found to be 15 °C or higher for the control of early larval stages. At the highest spore-crystal concentration (500 µg g-1), the most effective isolate (SY49.1) caused 83% mortality for the second-stage larvae at 5 °C. However, an approximately 4-fold decrease in mortalities was observed in late-stage larvae for all isolates examined at this temperature. Nevertheless, other Bt isolates, excluding SY27.3, caused nearly complete mortality at 25 °C for early-stage larvae. Considering the distribution of seasonal temperature, Bt products should be applied at the highest ambient temperature to earlier stages for efficient control. We propose that local Bt isolates SY27.1, SY49.1, and SY62.1 could be used to develop environmentally safe bioinsecticides to control this important pest species. These results indicate that larval stage and environmental temperature should be taken into consideration for efficient control of T. wilkinsoni using the spore-crystal mixture of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates.
Semih Yılmaz, Abdurrahman Ayvaz, Mikail Akbulut, Ugur Azizoglu, and Salih Karabörklü
Elsevier BV
Abstract A highly pathogenic Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) strain was isolated from a soil sample in Turkey and characterized in terms of both its 16S-ITS rDNA region and cry gene content. This strain (SY49.1) harboured several cry genes producing crystalline inclusions known to have toxicity on lepidopteran, dipteran and coleopteran pests. The 16S-ITS sequence analysis of Bt SY49.1 showed 98% similarity to Bt serovar andalousiensis BGSC 4AW1. The larvae of Ephestia kuehniella and Plodia interpunctella were treated with a spore-crystal mixture of this strain in the dose range of 50–1000 μg g −1 . Mortality rates were higher than 90% at the highest concentration for these pests. For Tribolium castaneum much higher concentrations were needed than with lepidopteran pests larvae. At the highest concentration tested of 10 mg g −1 , about 62% mortality was obtained. It was concluded that this native strain of Bt could be used as an effective biocontrol agent against various lepidopteran pests.
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Publications
1. Azizoglu U., Yilmaz N., Simsek O., Ibal JC., Tagele SB., Shin JH., 2020. The fate of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in soilless agriculture: Future perspectives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, (Under Review).
2. Azizoglu Z.B., Yilmaz S., Azizoglu U., Karabörklü S., Temizgul R., Ayvaz A. 2020. The Antagonistic activity of native Bacillus thuringiensis isolates against three important fungal plant pathogens. TROPICAL PLANT PATHOLOGY, (Under Review)
3. Azizoglu U., Jouzani GS., Yılmaz N., Baz E., Özkök D., 2020. Genetically modified entomopathogenic bacteria, recent developments, benefits and impacts: A Review. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, , 1-15.
4. Azizoglu U., 2019. Bacillus thuringiensis as a biofertilizer and biostimulator: a mini-review of the little-known plant growth-promoting properties of Bt, CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY, 76:1379–1385.
5. Karabörklü S., Azizoglu U., Yilmaz S., Ayvaz A., 2019. The chemical composition of Cyclotrichium origanifolium essential oil and its insecticidal activity against four stored-product pest insects, COMPTES RENDUS DE L'ACADÉMIE BULGARE DES SCIENCES, (6): pp., 841-850.
6. Azizoglu U., 2018. Biochemical properties of Turkish common beans and their resistance against bean weevil Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)” ARTHROPOD-PLANT INTERACTIONS, vol. 12(1): pp., 283-290.
7. Karabörklü S., Azizoglu U., Azizoglu Z.B., 2018. Recombinant entomopathogenic agents: A review of biotechnological approaches to pest insect control, WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, , .
8. Azizoglu U., Yilmaz S., Ayvaz A., Atcıyurt Z.B., Karaborklu S., 2017. Mosquitocidal Potential of Native Bacillus thuringiensis Strain SY49-1 against Disease Vector, Culex pipiens (Diptera:Culicidae). TROPICAL BIOMEDICINE, 32 (2): 256-262.
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9. Yilmaz S., Ayvaz A., Azizoglu U., 2017. Diversity and distribution of cry genes in native Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from wild ecological areas of East-Mediterranean region of Turkey ", TROPICAL ECOLOGY, , no.3, .
10. Yilmaz S., Azizoglu U., Ayvaz A., Temizgül R., Atcıyurt Z.B., Karaborklu S., 2017. Cloning and Expression of cry2Aa from Native Bacillus thuringiensis Strain SY49.1 and Its Insecticidal Activity against Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS, 105:81-85.
11. Azizoglu U., Ayvaz A., Yilmaz S., Karaborklu S., Temizgül R., 2016 . Expression of cry1Ab gene from a novel Bacillus thuringiensis strain SY49-1 active on pest insects. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, , no.3, pp. 597-602.
12. Azizoğlu U., Ayvaz A., Yilmaz S., Temizgül R., 2016. The synergic and antagonistic activity of Cry1Ab and Cry2Aa proteins against lepidopteran pests, JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY, , .
13. Azizoglu U., Karabörklü S., Ayvaz A., Yilmaz S., 2016. Phylogenetic relationships of insect-associated free-living Rhabditid nematodes from Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, , no.3, .
14. Ünalmiş S., Ayvaz A., Yilmaz S., Azizoglu U., 2015. Molecular Screening and Bioactivity of Native Bacillus thuringiensis Isolates, JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, , .
15. Karabörklü S., Ayvaz A., Yilmaz S., Azizoglu U., 2015. Fungi associated with free-living soil nematodes in Turkey. ARCHIVES OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, , .
16. Azizoglu U., Yilmaz S., Ayvaz A., Karabörklü S., 2015. Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD1 Spore-Crystal Mixture on The Adults of Egg Parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). BIOTECHNOLOGY&BIOTECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT, , .
17. Karabörklü S., Ayvaz A., Yilmaz S., Azizoglu U., Akbulut M., 2015. Native Entomopathogenic Nematodes Isolated from Turkey and Their Effectiveness on Pine Processionary Moth, Thaumetopoea wilkinsoni Tams. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEST MANAGEMENT, , .
18. Yilmaz S., Karabörklü S., Azizoglu U., Ayvaz A., Akbulut M., Yildiz M., 2013. Toxicity of Native Bacillus thuringiensis Isolates on The Larval Stages Of Pine Processionary Moth Thaumetopoea wilkinsoni at Different Temperatures, TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY, , .
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19. Yilmaz S., Ayvaz A., Akbulut M., Azizoglu U., Karabörklü S., 2012. A Novel Bacillus thuringiensis Strain and Its Pathogenicity against Three Important Pest Insects", JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH, , .
20. Azizoglu U., Yilmaz S., Ayvaz A., Karabörklü S., Akbulut M., 2011. Characterization of Local Bacillus thuringiensis Isolates and Their Toxicity to Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) And Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) Larvae. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL, , .
21. Azizoglu U., Yilmaz S., Karabörklü S., Ayvaz A., 2011. Ovicidal Activity of Microwave and UV Radiations on Mediterranean Flour Moth Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, 1879(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). TURKISH JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY, , .
22. Yilmaz S., Demirezen N., Azizoglu U., Karabörklü S., Ayvaz A., Akbulut M., Tekin S., 2011. Identification of Some cry1 Genes and Toxicity Determination in Bacillus thuringiensis Isolates Obtained from Mills and Warehouses in Turkey", EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL, , .