Shaymaa S Al-Juboori
@plymouth.ac.uk
University of Plymouth
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Scopus Publications
Shaymaa Al-Juboori, Ah Alnuaimi, Amulya Karaadi, Is-Haka Mkwawa, Jianwu Zhang, and Lingfen Sun
IEEE
Enhancing the Quality of Things (QoT) is urgently needed given the rapid evolution of the Multimedia Internet of Things (MIoT). One of the challenges with MIoT is Acceptable QoT. Achieving AQoT can optimize bandwidth and storage at a level that will satisfy MIoT application’s minimal requirements. Intelligent systems using Machine Learning (ML) techniques can improve the performance of MIoT applications by keeping the minimum requirements of the resources which are necessary to maintain AQoT. The aim of this study is to develop a MIoT system based on ML to provide high performance with an acceptable QoT. The Gaussian-Naive Bayes, Fine KNN, and AdaBoost ML algorithms were investigated against different video sequences with varying bitrates and network conditions. The results based on face recognition for a Ring Video Doorbell scenario showed that ML could be used on MIoT applications to achieve AQoT and significantly reduce bandwidth and storage usage.
Ali H. Al-Nuaimi, Marina Blūma, Shaymaa S. Al-Juboori, Chima S. Eke, Emmanuel Jammeh, Lingfen Sun, and Emmanuel Ifeachor
Brain Sciences MDPI AG
Biomarkers to detect Alzheimer’s disease (AD) would enable patients to gain access to appropriate services and may facilitate the development of new therapies. Given the large numbers of people affected by AD, there is a need for a low-cost, easy to use method to detect AD patients. Potentially, the electroencephalogram (EEG) can play a valuable role in this, but at present no single EEG biomarker is robust enough for use in practice. This study aims to provide a methodological framework for the development of robust EEG biomarkers to detect AD with a clinically acceptable performance by exploiting the combined strengths of key biomarkers. A large number of existing and novel EEG biomarkers associated with slowing of EEG, reduction in EEG complexity and decrease in EEG connectivity were investigated. Support vector machine and linear discriminate analysis methods were used to find the best combination of the EEG biomarkers to detect AD with significant performance. A total of 325,567 EEG biomarkers were investigated, and a panel of six biomarkers was identified and used to create a diagnostic model with high performance (≥85% for sensitivity and 100% for specificity).
Shaymaa Al-Juboori, Is-Haka Mkwawa, Lingfen Sun, and Emmanuel Ifeachor
Institution of Engineering and Technology
Tone-mapping-operators (TMOs) provide a useful means for converting high dynamic range (HDR) images to low dynamic range (LDR) images so that they can be viewed on standard displays, but this may influence the visual quality of experience (QoE) of the end-user. There is a need to understand the impact of TMOs to inform the choice of TMO algorithms for different displays, especially for small-screen-devices (SSDs) such as those used in mobile phones. This is important, as mobile devices are becoming the primary means of consuming multimedia contents. However, few studies have been undertaken to assess the impact of TMOs and viewing devices (especially SSDs) on the visual QoE of the user when using. In this chapter, we evaluate subjectively and objectively, the commonly used TMOs in different displays and resolutions for colour and grey-scale HDR images. Our results show that viewing devices have an influence on the TMOs performance, suggesting the need for a careful choice of TMO to enhance the viewing-QoE of the end-user. As expected, the higher resolution, the better HDR-image quality. Surprisingly, there was no significant difference between the Mean of Opinion Score (MOS) scores for colour and grey-scale images in SSDs. The device and TMOs affect QoE for colour and grey HDR-image equally. We found Shannon entropy (SE) to be a good objective measure of quality for colour and grey HDR images, suggesting that entropy may find use in automated HDR quality control assessment schemes, while; HDR-VDP-2 is a good objective measure for colour HDR image only.
Shaymaa Al-Juboori, Is-Haka Mkwawa, Lingfen Sun, and Emmanuel Ifeachor
Institution of Engineering and Technology
Quality of experience (QoE) is a human-centric paradigm, which produces the blueprint of human-behavioral-states such as perception, emotion, cognition, and expectation. Recent advances in neurophysiological monitoring tools have facilitated the study of frequency, time, and location of neuronal activity to an unprecedented degree, as well as opened doors to a better understanding of human overall behavioral systems. Physiological signals, such as the electroencephalogram (EEG), have shown promise in revealing the subject's emotion or attention in quality assessment and the correlation of this with media service quality. This chapter proposes a novel objective QoE model for high dynamic range (HDR) images and is based on the relationship between objective (i.e. delta-beta coupling) and subjective measures (i.e. mean opinion score MOS). The analysis of the results indicate that the proposed QoE model has a strong correlation with MOS scores, hence can be effectively used in predicting the overall HDR image quality. An advantage of the model is that it is lightweight and it provides a measure of user-perceived quality, but without requiring time-consuming subjective tests. The model has potential applications in several other areas, including QoE control and optimization. Future mobile providers can benefit from applying the proposed QoE-based model to optimize users' acceptability and satisfaction for different HDR image scenarios.
Shaymaa Al-Juboori, Is-Haka Mkwawa, Lingfen Sun, and Emmanuel Ifeachor
IEEE
Quality of Experience (QoE) assessment of multimedia services is a challenging task and an understanding of how the user perceives quality at the physiological level would facilitate this. Physiological signals, such as the electroencephalogram (EEG), have shown promise in revealing the subject's emotion or attention in quality assessment and the correlation of this with media service quality. This paper investigated the relationships between changes in EEG features and subjective quality test scores (i.e. MOS) for High Dynamic Range (HDR) images viewed with a mobile device. Results show that changes in the gamma and beta bands correlated negatively with MOS, whereas positive correlations were observed in the alpha band. Coupling between activities in the delta and beta bands (i.e. positive correlation between power in the fast beta and slow delta frequency bands) is related to anxiety and dissatisfaction. Thus, the results suggest that increases in the degree of coupling are associated with decreases in HDR quality. This also suggests that in the HDR image QoE assessment, human emotions play a significant role. Potentially, these findings may be exploited in objective QoE perception modelling.
Shaymaa Al-Juboori, Is-Haka Mkwawa, Lingfen Sun, and Emmanuel Ifeachor
IEEE
The development of HDR imaging is seen as an important step towards improving the visual quality of experience (QoE) of the end user in many applications. In practice, Tone-mapping operators (TMOs) provide a useful means for converting a high dynamic range (HDR) image to a low dynamic range (LDR) image in order to achieve better visualization on standard displays. Although mobile devices are becoming popular, the techniques for displaying the content of HDR images on the screens of such devices are still in the early stages. While several studies have been conducted to evaluate TMOs on conventional displays, few studies have been carried out to date to evaluate TMOs on small screen displays, such as those used in mobile devices. In this paper we evaluate, using subjective and objective methods, the most popular Tone-mapping-operators in different mobile displays and resolutions under normal viewing conditions for the end-user. Preliminary results show that small screen displays (SSDs) have an impact on the performance of TMOs compared to computer displays. In general, the larger the mobile resolution, the better the subjective results. We also found clear differences between SSDs and LDRs performances. The best TMO for mobile displays is iCAM06 and for computer displays it is Photographic Reproduction.