3D Tetrametallic Dendrite-Based Non-Enzymatic Sensor Coupled with a Smartphone Interface for GSH Quantification in Biological Fluids and Ex Vivo Rat Models Rohini Kumari, Supratim Mahapatra, Obulapathi Ummadisetty, Vinod Tiwari, Pranjal Chandra ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 2025 Non-enzymatic platforms, based on inorganic nanomaterials, are emerging as promising alternatives to traditional enzyme-based platforms in catalytic applications. Recently, fern or tree like metallic dendrites have attracted growing interest for detection of target analytes due to their distinctive hierarchical branched morphology. It imparts dendrites' large specific surface area and hence a multitude of catalytic centers. In light of its significant functional properties, we attempted to synthesize a tetrametallic dendrite-based non-enzymatic sensing platform for direct detection of glutathione (GSH), which plays a crucial role in maintaining a redox balance in living organisms. However, when the body is under oxidative stress, its level drops, resulting in several clinical manifestations in the body. Therefore, the quantification of GSH continues to be the central focus of investigation among researchers. This study aims to develop a stable 3D tetrametallic dendritic non-enzymatic interface, an efficient alternative to enzyme-based systems for sensitive detection of GSH. The sensor demonstrated exceptional analytical performance, possessing a wide linearity between 0.05 and 200,000 nM and an impressively low detection limit of 0.02 nM. The non-enzymatic sensor reliably detects GSH in human serum samples with recovery percentages ranging between 91.17% and 99.73%. The developed tetrametallic interface was further employed to evaluate GSH levels in a diquat-induced rat model using plasma and liver homogenate samples. The outcomes showed that with increasing time following diquat administration and with increasing dosage of diquat, oxidative stress intensifies, accompanied by a progressive depletion of GSH. Furthermore, the smartphone integration with a developed sensor is an extended functionality of the nanoelectronic platform. It has the potential to be deployed on-site since it automates data processing and distinguishes healthy from critically low GSH levels in real samples. The rapid on-chip fabrication within 15 min and its smartphone integration highlight the potential for automated tracking in point-of-care diagnosis.
A Dual-Mode On-Chip 3D-Printed Nanoengineered Platform for Extraction and Electrochemical Detection of Enrofloxacin Supratim Mahapatra, Ankur Singh, Ratul Paul, Pranjal Chandra Small, 2025 A magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP) is synthesized for the development of a highly selective and sensitive electrochemical sensing platform targeting enrofloxacin (ENF). The micro‐sized mesoporous core‐shell MMIP structure is constructed with a magnetite core and an outer shell functionalized using 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as the monomer. The synthesis is optimized and validated using a range of physical and electrochemical techniques. The sensor is designed with dual‐mode functionality, integrating magnetic separation for efficient target extraction and electrochemical detection for precise quantification. A conventional electrode is modulated with multi‐layer nano‐functionalization to improve its analytical performance, while 3D‐printed components ensure miniaturization, fabrication precision, and scalability. The resulting device exhibits a broad linear detection range from 100 pM to 10 mM (10−10 to 10−2 M), with an exceptionally low limit of detection (LOD) of 161 fM (1.61 × 10−13 M). As ENF is recurrently administered to cattle, milk is used as a real sample to demonstrate the sensor's proof‐of‐application. Real sample analysis showed a high recovery rate (90.23% to 97.29%) with minimal matrix interference, confirming reliability in complex biological matrices. The platform demonstrates exceptional reproducibility and stability, offering a robust and scalable solution for environmental and food safety monitoring.
Ni/Co Stacked Metal-Organic Framework-Based Nanoelectronic Device Integrated with Smartphone for Real-Time Nitrite Sensing Shubhangi, Rohini Kumari, Arkya Jyoti Ghosh, Supratim Mahapatra, Sanjay Kumar Rai, Pranjal Chandra ACS Applied Electronic Materials, 2025 Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are 3D materials with advanced characteristics due to their porous nature and the presence of catalytic nodal metal centers. These materials can be of enormous importance as sensor matrix components for wide applications, such as environmental monitoring. In this work, we have attempted the stacking of two MOFs, a NiMOF, followed by CoMOF, which was further functionalized with gold nanoparticles to detect nitrite ions (NO 2 – ) in real/environmental water samples. Nitrite is a naturally occurring plant nutrient present in the soil and is also used as a preservative in industries; however, it can generate carcinogenic precursors at higher concentrations. The catalytic sensing probe was developed to detect NO 2 – through its electrochemical oxidation to NO 3 – at a specific potential. The glassy carbon electrode/nickel MOF/cobalt MOF (GCE/NiMOF/CoMOF) surface was constructed through a facile and faster approach of electrodeposition. The final sensing probe was thoroughly characterized by various physical and electrochemical techniques. It displayed enhanced analytical performance in terms of its wide linear dynamic range between 0.01 to 1000 μM and a limit of detection of 4.2 nM. It exhibited a rapid average response time of about <1.5 s, making it an ultrasensitive sensing platform for NO 2 – in environmental water samples. A systematic integration with a smartphone application has also been proposed for on-site application of the sensor, where a single-fed input value determines the real-time NO 2 – concentration in test water samples.
Molecularly imprinted polymers as emerging engineered platforms for precision molecular sensing A Singh, S Mahapatra, SK Singh, P Chandra Biomaterials Science , 2026 2026 Citations: 3
3D tetrametallic dendrite-based non-enzymatic sensor coupled with a smartphone interface for GSH quantification in biological fluids and ex vivo rat models R Kumari, S Mahapatra, O Ummadisetty, V Tiwari, P Chandra ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 17 (39), 54466-54483 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
Metallic nanoparticle-based glassy carbon electrodes for smart biosensing S Mahapatra, DS Dkhar, A Singh, P Chandra Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, 101748 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Laser-scribed micro/nanostructures modified surfaces for electrochemical sensors: from fundamentals to applications S Mahapatra, R Kumari, DS Dkhar, A Singh, P Chandra TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 118407 , 2025 2025 Citations: 7
A Dual‐Mode On‐Chip 3D‐Printed Nanoengineered Platform for Extraction and Electrochemical Detection of Enrofloxacin S Mahapatra, A Singh, R Paul, P Chandra Small 21 (33), 2502880 , 2025 2025 Citations: 8
Optoelectronic MXene quantum dots: frontiers in sensor technology for next-generation diagnostics and environmental monitoring A Singh, S Mahapatra, R Prasad, SK Singh, P Chandra Nanoscale 17, 15554-15591 , 2025 2025 Citations: 32
An electrochemically charged nanoengineered bioelectronic immunosensing device for osteopontin detection in serum samples DS Dkhar, S Mahapatra, P Chandra Nanoscale 17, 13668-13684 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Ni/Co stacked metal–organic framework-based nanoelectronic device integrated with smartphone for real-time nitrite sensing Shubhangi, R Kumari, AJ Ghosh, S Mahapatra, SK Rai, P Chandra ACS Applied Electronic Materials 7 (10), 4457-4471 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
A Laser-Directed Multi-Functional Electrochemical Paper-Based Sensor and A Method of Fabrication Thereof S Mahapatra, R Kumari, P Chandra IN Patent 564,192 , 2025 2025
Fabrication of a laser-directed electrochemical paper analytical device and its deployment for multi-functional electrochemical sensing S Mahapatra, R Kumari, P Chandra Chemical Engineering Journal 486, 150232 , 2024 2024 Citations: 13
A portable colorimetry sensing device for point of care diagnostics S Mahapatra, A Thakur, P Chandra IN Patent 521,579 , 2024 2024
Printed circuit boards: system automation and alternative matrix for biosensing S Mahapatra, R Kumari, P Chandra Trends in Biotechnology 41 (12) , 2023 2023 Citations: 16
Decision-Making Software-Integrated Ultrafast Detection of Lead in Surface Water Using a Chemo-Nano Sensing Device S Mahapatra, P Chandra ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering , 2023 2023 Citations: 16
Engineered nanomaterial based implantable MicroNanoelectrode for in vivo Analysis: Technological advancement and commercial aspects MG Dastidar, S Mahapatra, R Kumari, DS Dkhar, S Roy, P Chandra Microchemical Journal 187, 108431 , 2023 2023 Citations: 8
Development of a palm-sized bioelectronic sensing device for protein detection in milk samples S Mahapatra, P Chandra International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 230, 123132 , 2023 2023 Citations: 8
Engineering design, implementation, and sensing mechanisms of wearable bioelectronic sensors in clinical settings DS Dkhar, R Kumari, S Mahapatra, Divya, P Chandra Electroanalysis 35 (2), e202200154 , 2023 2023 Citations: 17
Drug encapsulated lipid-polymeric nanohybrid as a chemo-therapeutic platform of cancer R Kumar, VR Srivastava, S Mahapatra, DS Dkhar, R Kumari, K Prerna, ... Nanotheranostics 7 (2), 167 , 2023 2023 Citations: 15
Design and engineering of a palm-sized optical immunosensing device for the detection of a kidney dysfunction biomarker Divya, S Mahapatra, P Chandra Biosensors 12 (12), 1118 , 2022 2022 Citations: 11
Nano-engineered surface comprising metallic dendrites for biomolecular analysis in clinical perspective R Kumari, DS Dkhar, S Mahapatra, Divya, SP Singh, P Chandra Biosensors 12 (12), 1062 , 2022 2022 Citations: 21
Ligand conjugated lipid‐based nanocarriers for cancer theranostics R Kumar, DS Dkhar, R Kumari, Divya, S Mahapatra, A Srivastava, ... Biotechnology and bioengineering 119 (11), 3022-3043 , 2022 2022 Citations: 42
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Amelioration of diabetic nephropathy using pomegranate peel extract-stabilized gold nanoparticles: assessment of NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling system K Manna, S Mishra, M Saha, S Mahapatra, C Saha, G Yenge, N Gaikwad, ... International journal of nanomedicine, 1753-1777 , 2019 2019 Citations: 134
Clinically practiced and commercially viable nanobio engineered analytical methods for COVID-19 diagnosis S Mahapatra, P Chandra Biosensors and Bioelectronics 165, 112361 , 2020 2020 Citations: 117
Green Approach To Synthesize Crystalline Nanoscale Zn II -Coordination Polymers: Cell Growth Inhibition and Immunofluorescence Study S Mukherjee, S Ganguly, K Manna, S Mondal, S Mahapatra, D Das Inorganic Chemistry 57 (7), 4050-4060 , 2018 2018 Citations: 109
Lipid based nanocarriers: Production techniques, concepts, and commercialization aspect R Kumar, DS Dkhar, R Kumari, S Mahapatra, VK Dubey, P Chandra Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology 74, 103526 , 2022 2022 Citations: 85
A new triazine based π-conjugated mesoporous 2D covalent organic framework: its in vitro anticancer activities SK Das, S Mishra, K Manna, U Kayal, S Mahapatra, KD Saha, S Dalapati, ... Chemical Communications 54 (81), 11475-11478 , 2018 2018 Citations: 75
Natural habitat, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of a medicinal weed–Cleome rutidosperma DC.(Cleomaceae): A comprehensive review P Ghosh, S Chatterjee, P Das, S Karmakar, S Mahapatra International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research 10 (4), 1605-1612 , 2019 2019 Citations: 63
Morphological characteristics and Phyto-pharmacological detailing of Hatishur (Heliotropium indicum Linn.): A concise review P Ghosh, P Das, C Das, S Mahapatra, S Chatterjee Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 7 (5), 1900-1907 , 2018 2018 Citations: 59
Ultrasensitive aptasensors for the detection of viruses based on opto-electrochemical readout systems Divya, DS Dkhar, R Kumari, S Mahapatra, R Kumar, P Chandra Biosensors 12 (2), 81 , 2022 2022 Citations: 55
Nanobioengineered sensing technologies based on cellulose matrices for detection of small molecules, macromolecules, and cells Divya, S Mahapatra, VR Srivastava, P Chandra Biosensors 11 (6), 168 , 2021 2021 Citations: 53
Marine biological macromolecules as matrix material for biosensor fabrication N Bedi, DK Srivastava, A Srivastava, S Mahapatra, DS Dkhar, P Chandra, ... Biotechnology and bioengineering 119 (8), 2046-2063 , 2022 2022 Citations: 44
Ligand conjugated lipid‐based nanocarriers for cancer theranostics R Kumar, DS Dkhar, R Kumari, Divya, S Mahapatra, A Srivastava, ... Biotechnology and bioengineering 119 (11), 3022-3043 , 2022 2022 Citations: 42
Antibody-receptor bioengineering and its implications in designing bioelectronic devices DS Dkhar, R Kumari, S Mahapatra, R Kumar, T Tripathi, P Chandra International journal of biological macromolecules 218, 225-242 , 2022 2022 Citations: 41
Ultra-sensitive detection of tizanidine in commercial tablets and urine samples using zinc oxide coated glassy carbon electrode LS Killedar, MM Shanbhag, SJ Malode, GB Bagihalli, S Mahapatra, ... Microchemical Journal 172, 106956 , 2022 2022 Citations: 33
Optoelectronic MXene quantum dots: frontiers in sensor technology for next-generation diagnostics and environmental monitoring A Singh, S Mahapatra, R Prasad, SK Singh, P Chandra Nanoscale 17, 15554-15591 , 2025 2025 Citations: 32
Nano-bioengineered sensing technologies for real-time monitoring of reactive oxygen species in in vitro and in vivo models R Kumari, DS Dkhar, S Mahapatra, R Kumar, P Chandra Microchemical Journal 180, 107615 , 2022 2022 Citations: 32
Amberlite XAD-4 based electrochemical sensor for diclofenac detection in urine and commercial tablets MM Shanbhag, D Ilager, S Mahapatra, NP Shetti, P Chandra Materials Chemistry and Physics 273, 125044 , 2021 2021 Citations: 31
Nanomaterial functionalization strategies in bio-interface development for modern diagnostic devices K Mahato, A Kumar, B Purohit, S Mahapatra, A Srivastava, P Chandra Biointerface engineering: prospects in medical diagnostics and drug delivery … , 2020 2020 Citations: 30
N-acetyl-d-glucosamine decorated nano-lipid-based carriers as theranostics module for targeted anti-cancer drug delivery R Kumar, S Mahapatra, VK Dubey, P Chandra Materials Chemistry and Physics 282, 125956 , 2022 2022 Citations: 22
Nano-engineered surface comprising metallic dendrites for biomolecular analysis in clinical perspective R Kumari, DS Dkhar, S Mahapatra, Divya, SP Singh, P Chandra Biosensors 12 (12), 1062 , 2022 2022 Citations: 21
Advanced biosensing methodologies for ultrasensitive detection of human coronaviruses S Mahapatra, A Baranwal, B Purohit, S Roy, SK Mahto, P Chandra Diagnostic strategies for COVID-19 and other coronaviruses, 19-36 , 2020 2020 Citations: 21