Zeinab Oshrieh
@shmu.ac.ir
School of Nursing and Midwifery
Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Afsaneh Keramat, Zeinab Oshrieh, Najmeh Tehranian, Elham Ebrahimi, Maryam Hassani, and Roghaieh Kharaghani
Medknow
Background: Childbearing is an important phenomenon among adolescents. Studies that have evaluated teenagers' reproductive patterns have found that many adolescents are ambivalent regarding sexual activity and childbearing. In order to assess the patterns of adolescents' reproductive health and pregnancy to conduct interventions, every country needs to collect specific data about childbearing intentions. This study was conducted to determine the factors that may affect the childbearing intentions of adolescents. Materials and Methods: This article was a narrative review. Articles derived from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from January of 2000 to February 2015 were assessed. Moreover, gray literature, such as conference abstracts, theses, and the result of technical reports were also used. Results: In total, 15 studies were included in the review. The findings of this study showed that childbearing motives are affected by several factors. According to the results of the qualitative studies, some of the most important effective factors were women's decision-making power and financial issues. In this regard, the quantitative studies noted that the cultural and economic factors were more effective than other factors in determining the childbearing motives of adolescents. Conclusions: Fertility expectations are affected by several factors and are compatible with a variety of conditions. Moreover, access to precise information on the effects of each factor (positive or negative) is necessary and useful for demographers, policymakers, and other planners in any community.
Zeinab Oshrieh, Afsaneh Keramat, Mohammad Shariati, Najmeh Tehranian, Elham Ebrahimi, and Mohammad Effatpanah
Knowledge E
Background: Childbearing motives are considered as the primary stimulus of fertility and the importance of making fertility decisions in humans.
 Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of a new form of interactional program on the childbearing motives of students.
 Materials and Methods: According to a well-defined, single-blind randomized controlled trial, we selected eight government schools in Tehran. Students in the age range of 7-12 yr and 16-18 yr (130 students in each school with a total number of 260) were selected for a series of intervention from storytelling to free discussion on a special subject through the concept of hidden curriculum. We evaluate the outcome with pretest-posttest based on the Miller childbearing motives questionnaire. One month after the last intervention, final evaluation took place.
 Results: The findings showed that after an intervention conducted in the best way, all positive scores were promoted while the negative ones declined. One the other hand, no matter what really the participant’s groups were, their total intention score got better. In this way, the total positive scores were significantly increased in the intervention groups (p = 0.000) Also, the students in high school significantly improved in positive scores and the negative score decreased in them.
 Conclusion: This study showed that the fundamental childbearing motives even with small interventions can be improved. Our intervention could improve the positive childbearing motives among school girls. In this regard, the role of some confounding factor such as the role of some confounding factors such as religious beliefs in family, maternal education is most important.
 Key words: Childbearing, Motive, School, Adolescents, Intention.
مریم عجم حسنی, افسانه کرامت, احمد علی خسروی, زینب عشریه and مرجان حسنی
مقدمه: حاملگی خارج رحمی، شایع‌ترین علت مرگ و میر مادران در سه ماهه اول بارداری است. میزان مرگ و میر ناشی از این عارضه، حدود 10 برابر زایمان واژینال و 5 برابر القاء سقط است. احتمال موفقیت در بارداری بعدی نیز کاهش می‌یابد، همچنین این عارضه اثر منفی بر روی وضعیت روانی مادر دارد و میزان شیوع آن در کشورهای مختلف متفاوت است. این مطالعه سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز با هدف بررسی شیوع حاملگی خارج رحمی در ایران انجام شد. روش‌کار: در این مطالعه مروری پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی شامل Scopus، Google Scholar، ISI، Pubmed و سایت‌های علمی تخصصی ایرانی از جملهMagiran ، Iranmedex و SID با استفاده از کلمات کلیدی ectopicpregnancy، EP، Prevalence، incidence، Iran، حاملگی، خارج رحمی، بارداری، نابجا، اکتوپیک، انسیدانس، شیوع، فراوانی و ایران تا 1/11/1394 (21 ژانویه 2016) مورد بازبینی قرار گرفت. طی این مطالعه متاآنالیز بر روی تمام مقالات موجود در خصوص شیوع حاملگی خارج رحمی در ایران، تعداد 13 مقاله یافت شد‌که بر مبنای معیار ورود، 7 مورد انتخاب شد که 5 مقاله جهت تعیین شیوع حاملگی خارج رحمی در ایران و 2 مورد جهت تعیین شیوع حاملگی خارج رحمی در مراکز ناباروری وارد متاآنالیز شد. جهت تعیین هموژنیتی نمونه‌ها از تست کوکران استفاده شد. شیوع بر اساس Random effect در نرم‌افزار Revman (نسخه 3/5) برآورد شد. یافته‌ها: شیوع حاملگی خارج رحمی در سال‌های قبل از 1385، 9/1 در 1000 بارداری و بعد از 1385، 7/3 در 1000 بارداری و در مراکز ناباروری 44 در 1000 بارداری برآورد شد. نتیجه‌گیری: شیوع حاملگی خارج رحمی در دهه گذشته در ایران افزایش داشته است و درمان ناباروری یک عامل خطر برای آن محسوب می‌شود.