Bilal Akash

@meu.edu.jo

Engineering
Middle East University



                    

https://researchid.co/bilalakash

Bilal A. Akash is currently Dean of Engineering at Middle East University. Bilal has obtained his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees from Southern Illinois University in 1984, 1987, and 1992, respectively. In 2003, he was promoted to Full Professor of Mechanical Engineering. During his 30 years of academic experience he has worked in several academic institutions in Jordan, Kuwait, UAE, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and USA. Held various positions ranging from assistant professor to vice president for academic affairs. Bilal is author and coauthor of more than 100 articles in international journals and conferences with a Scopus h-index of 29 and Google Scholar h-index of 42. His research work is mostly in the area of thermal science, which includes thermodynamic analysis of internal combustion and power engines, combustion, pyrolysis and liquefaction of solid fossil fuels, heat transfer, sustainability, energy analysis and engineering systems, solar distillation, and renewable energy.

EDUCATION

• Ph.D., Mechanical Engineering, Southern Illinois University, 1992
• M.S., Mechanical Engineering, Southern Illinois University, 1987
• B.S., Mechanical Engineering, Southern Illinois University, 1984

RESEARCH INTERESTS

Renewable and Alternative Energy
Power Cycles
Fuel
Energy Analysis and Engineering Systems
Desalination
Heat Transfer

69

Scopus Publications

4224

Scholar Citations

37

Scholar h-index

58

Scholar i10-index

Scopus Publications

  • Elimination of External Power Source for Solar Trackers in Agriculture Fields
    Santhoshkumar R, Akash B, Gowtham R, Dhileep R, Sridhar B, and Marisekar. B
    IEEE
    As the world continues to prioritize renewable energy sources, solar energy has emerged as a key player in the transition towards a sustainable future. India has taken significant steps towards becoming a global leader in solar energy manufacturing, with both domestic companies and foreign investments establishing the country as a hub for solar equipment production. However, the efficiency of solar panels can be further optimized through the use of solar trackers, which can increase power output by up to 30-40%. While solar trackers have proven to be effective, they often require separate power supplies or consume significant amounts of energy themselves. In the proposed research, a novel solar tracker system that utilizes energy from earth batteries, a green and renewable energy source that is non-toxic and harmless to the soil. This system not only conserves energy but also reduces pollution, making it an ideal solution for a wide range of markets and applications. The earth batteries used in the system are composed of Aluminum and graphite electrodes, which are connected in both parallel and series combinations to achieve the necessary voltage and current levels for charging the secondary batteries and powering the solar tracker. The proposed system demonstrates that by combining clean energy, earth batteries, and solar technology, the proposed topology can create an effective and sustainable solution for agriculture and other industries. The use of earth batteries not only reduces the environmental impact of solar trackers but also provides a reliable and cost-effective energy source. The system has the potential to significantly improve the competitiveness and adoption of solar energy in various markets, while also contributing to the global effort towards a more sustainable future.

  • Multi-Criteria Decision Making Analysis of Optimal Service Delivery Technique Using AHP
    Bilal Akash, Ahmad H. Saad, and Mohamed El-Saadawi
    Association for Information Communication Technology Education and Science (UIKTEN)
    In this paper, we evaluate the most optimal service delivery method that can be implemented by both governmental and private sectors to an effective delivery service to customers. They include conventional service delivery, E-services (online), M-services (smart phones), and robotic process automation (RPA). Benefits and costs were considered in the evaluation process. Benefits were technical feasibility, efficiency, security, reliability, and innovation. The costs included complexity, human resources, facilities management, and maintenance costs. AHP was used to facilitate the multi-criteria decision-making process. Results show that RPA is the least expensive and most beneficial method to delivery services in UAE.

  • A review on boilers energy use, energy savings, and emissions reductions
    M.C. Barma, R. Saidur, S.M.A. Rahman, A. Allouhi, B.A. Akash, and Sadiq M. Sait
    Elsevier BV

  • Scopus based analysis of related literature to traffic safety and awareness in the Arab countries


  • A note on solar energy research in Jordan


  • Scopus-based Analysis of Peer-Reviewed Literature Related to Solar Energy in GCC Countries
    Bilal Akash, Ahmad M. Abu Abdo, Omar Akash, and Mousa S. Mohsen
    Elsevier BV

  • Energy Options for Water Desalination in UAE
    Mousa S. Mohsen, Bilal Akash, Ahmad Abu Abdo, and Omar Akash
    Elsevier BV


  • Combustion and emission investigation of diesel fuel and kerosene blends
    Bilal A. Akash
    Maxwell Scientific Publication Corp.
    This study presents experimental investigation of combustion of diesel fuel, kerosene and their blends. The objective of this study is to determine the combustion performance and gas emission of diesel fuel, kerosene and various mixtures of diesel fuel and kerosene in a horizontally positioned cylindrical furnace. Heat was removed from the system by the use of water around a jacket of the combustion unit. The combustion unit is capable of burning most types of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbon fuels. Results on combustion performance and gas emissions are presented for a wide range of air fuel equivalence ratios. The results of exhaust gas analyses of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and oxygen are presented. Combustion efficiency and the effect of blending of fuels on its performance are also presented. In general, some improvements in exhaust gas emission and combustion efficiency were obtained upon using mixtures of fuels. The best results were obtained when a fuel blend of 75% kerosene and 25% diesel was prepared and burned in the unit.

  • Effective thermal conductivity measurement of soil


  • Energy and exergy analysis of alumina-water nanofluid for an electronic liquid cooling system
    S.S. Khaleduzzaman, M.R. Sohel, R. Saidur, I.M. Mahbubul, I.M. Shahrul, B.A. Akash, and J. Selvaraj
    Elsevier BV

  • A comparative analysis of energy indicators and CO<inf>2</inf> emissions in 15 Arab countries
    Ismael Al Hinti, Ahmed Al Ghandoor, Ahmad Sakhrieh, Bilal Akash, and Eiyad Abu Nada
    Inderscience Publishers
    This study presents a comparative energy and emissions analysis of 15 Arab countries. The relation between energy consumption, CO2 emissions, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and population is analysed in each of these countries through various energy and CO2 emission indicators: GDP Per Capita (GDPPC), TPES per capita (TPESPC), TPES/GDP, CO2/TPES, CO2 per capita and CO2/GDP. This study also analyses the final energy consumption in these countries according to the type of energy used in addition to its distribution in different sectors.

  • Performance of diesel engine using gas mixture with variable specific heats model
    A Sakhrieh, E Abu-Nada, B Akash, I Al-Hinti, and A Al-Ghandoor
    Informa UK Limited
    Abstract A thermodynamic, one-zone, zero-dimensional computational model for a diesel engine is established in which a working fluid consisting of various gas mixtures has been implemented. The results were compared to those which use air as the working fluid with variable specific heats. Most of the parameters that are important for compression ignition engines, such as equivalence ratio, engine speed, maximum temperature, gas pressure, brake mean effective pressure and cycle thermal efficiency, have been studied. Furthermore, the effect of boost pressure was studied using both the gas mixture and dependent temperature air models. It was found that the temperature dependent air model overestimates the maximum temperature and cylinder pressure. For example, for the air model, the maximum temperature and cylinder pressure were about 1775 K and 93·5 bar respectively at 2500 rev min−1, and the fuel/air equivalence ratio Φ = 0·6. On the other hand, when the gas mixture model is used under the same con...

  • Computational thermodynamic analysis of compression ignition engine
    A. Sakhrieh, E. Abu-Nada, I. Al-Hinti, A. Al-Ghandoor, and B. Akash
    Elsevier BV

  • Performance of a spark ignition engine under the effect of friction using a gas mixture model
    E. Abu-Nada, B. Akash, I. Al-Hinti, and A. Al-Sarkhi
    Informa UK Limited
    AbstractThis paper presents the effect of friction on the performance of a spark ignition engine using a gas mixture as the working fluid. The results were compared to a frictionless engine. Engine parameters that were studied include equivalence ratio, engine speed, break mean effective pressure (BMEP), and cycle thermal efficiency. It was found for the frictionless engine operating at 6000 rev min−1 and stoichiometric air–fuel mixture that BMEP and efficiency were about 14 bar and 36% respectively. On the other hand, when friction is included under the same condition BMEP and efficiency were about 10 bar and 27% respectively. However, at lower engine speed and equivalence ratio, the deviations were much smaller. Therefore, it is more realistic to consider the effect of friction using the gas mixture model instead of air as the working fluid for the analysis of spark ignition engines, especially when running at high speeds and/or rich mixtures.




  • Modeling of a geothermal standing column well
    E. Abu-Nada, B. Akash, I. Al-Hinti, A. Al-Sarkhi, S. Nijmeh, A. Ibrahim, and A. Shishan
    Hindawi Limited
    This paper presents a three‐dimensional numerical investigation of a geothermal standing column well (SCW) to carry out heating simulations during January in four selected locations in Jordan. It is shown that the outlet temperature of SCW increases with the depth of the borehole. However, the successful choice of the location is of extreme importance as there is a limit on the outlet temperature that can be achieved at a given location. It is demonstrated that bleeding is generally effective in increasing the outlet temperature. An optimum range of bleed rate exists around 12–13%. Also, bleeding is more effective in achieving higher outlet temperatures when used in locations with higher soil porosity. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  • Effect of piston friction on the performance of SI engine: A new thermodynamic approach
    E. Abu-Nada, I. Al-Hinti, A. Al-Sarkhi, and B. Akash
    ASME International
    Abstract This paper presents thermodynamic analysis of piston friction in spark-ignition internal combustion engines. The general effect of piston friction on engine performance was examined during cold starting and normal working conditions. Considerations were made using temperature-dependent specific heat model in order to make the analysis more realistic. A parametric study was performed covering wide range of dependent variables such as engine speed, taking into consideration piston friction combined with the variation of the specific heat with temperature, and heat loss from the cylinder. The results are presented for skirt friction only, and then for total piston friction (skirt and rings). The effect of oil viscosity is investigated over a wide range of engine speeds and oil temperatures. In general, it is found that oils with higher viscosities result in lower efficiency values. Using high viscosity oil can reduce the efficiency by more than 50% at cold oil temperatures. The efficiency maps for SAE 10, SAE 30, and SAE 50 are reported. The results of this model can be practically utilized to obtain optimized efficiency results either by selecting the optimum operating speed for a given oil type (viscosity) and temperature or by selecting the optimum oil type for a given operating speed and temperature. The effect of different piston ring configurations on the efficiency is also presented. Finally, the oil film thickness on the engine performance is studied in this paper.

  • Prospects of geothermal energy utilization in Jordan
    A. Al-Sarkhi, B. Akash, E. Abu-Nada, S. Nijmeh, and I. Al-Hinti
    Informa UK Limited
    Abstract Jordan has rich geothermal resources in the low enthalpy ranges as hot springs and wells distributed along many geothermal fields. Underground temperatures within the first 100 m, suitable for supply and storage of thermal energy for various locations in Jordan, are presented. They include Amman, Aqaba, Ghor-Safi, Irbid, Ma'an, Shoubak, and Zarqa. Geothermal energy can help Jordan to be less dependent on imported oil. Standing column well systems are suitable in geological regions with plentiful ground water. This system suits many geothermal places in Jordan. Also, ground source heat pump systems can also be adapted in Jordan.

  • Analysis of energy and exergy use in the Jordanian urban residential sector
    A. Al Ghandoor, I. Al Hinti, B. Akash, and E. Abu Nada
    Inderscience Publishers
    This study presents an analysis of the energy and exergy utilisation of the Jordanian urban residential sector by considering the flows of energy and exergy through the main end uses and applications in Jordanian households. To achieve this purpose, a survey covering 200 households was conducted and energy consumption data were gathered. Exergy analysis of Jordanian urban residential sector utilisation indicates a less efficient picture than that obtained by the energy analysis. Energy and exergy efficiencies were found to be equal to 66.6% and 15.4%, respectively.

  • Heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of separated flows encountered in a backward-facing step under the effect of suction and blowing
    E. Abu-Nada, A. Al-Sarkhi, B. Akash, and I. Al-Hinti
    ASME International
    Abstract Numerical investigation of heat transfer and fluid flow over a backward-facing step (BFS), under the effect of suction and blowing, is presented. Here, suction/blowing is implemented on the bottom wall (adjacent to the step). The finite volume technique is used. The distribution of the modified coefficient of friction and Nusselt number at the top and bottom walls of the BFS are obtained. On the bottom wall, and inside the primary recirculation bubble, suction increases the modified coefficient of friction and blowing reduces it. However, after the point of reattachment, mass augmentation causes an increase in the modified coefficient of friction and mass reduction causes a decrease in modified coefficient of friction. On the top wall, suction decreases the modified coefficient of friction and blowing increases it. Local Nusselt number on the bottom wall is increased by suction and is decreased by blowing, and the contrary occurs on the top wall. The maximum local Nusselt number on the bottom wall coincides with the point of reattachment. High values of average Nusselt number on the bottom wall are identified at high Reynolds numbers and high suction bleed rates. However, the low values correspond to high blowing rates. The reattachment length and the length of the top secondary recirculation bubble are computed under the effect of suction and blowing. The reattachment length is increased by increasing blowing bleed rate and is decreased by increasing suction bleed rate. The spots of high Nusselt number, and low coefficient of friction, are identified by using contour maps.


  • Thermodynamic analysis of spark-ignition engine using a gas mixture model for the working fluid
    E. Abu-Nada, I. Al-Hinti, B. Akash, and A. Al-Sarkhi
    Hindawi Limited
    This paper presents thermodynamic analysis of spark‐ignition engine. A theoretical model of Otto cycle, with a working fluid consisting of various gas mixtures, has been implemented. It is compared to those which use air as the working fluid with variable temperature specific heats. A wide range of engine parameters were studied, such as equivalence ratio, engine speed, maximum and outlet temperatures, brake mean effective pressure, gas pressure, and cycle thermal efficiency. For example, for the air model, the maximum temperature, brake mean effective pressure (BMEP), and efficiency were about 3000 K, 15 bar, and 32%, respectively, at 5000 rpm and 1.2 equivalence ratio. On the other hand, by using the gas mixture model under the same conditions, the maximum temperature, BMEP, and efficiency were about 2500 K, 13.7 bar, and 29%. However, for the air model, at lower engine speeds of 2000 rpm and equivalence ratio of 0.8, the maximum temperature, BMEP, and efficiency were about 2000 K, 8.7 bar, and 28%, respectively. Also, by using the gas mixture model under these conditions, the maximum temperature, BMEP, and efficiency were about 1900 K, 8.4 bar, and 27%, i.e. with insignificant differences. Therefore, it is more realistic to use gas mixture in cycle analysis instead of merely assuming air to be the working fluid, especially at high engine speeds. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Multi-criteria decision making analysis of optimal service delivery technique using AHP
    B Akash, AH Saad, M El-Saadawi
    TEM Journal 12 (1), 208-213 2023

  • A review on boilers energy use, energy savings, and emissions reductions
    MC Barma, R Saidur, SMA Rahman, A Allouhi, BA Akash, SM Sait
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 79, 970-983 2017

  • A Note on Solar Energy Research in Jordan
    OB Akash, AMA Abdo, MS Mohsen, BA Akash
    International Journal of Applied Engineering Research 11 (10), 7100-7105 2016

  • Scopus-based analysis of peer-reviewed literature related to solar energy in GCC countries
    B Akash, AMA Abdo, O Akash, MS Mohsen
    Procedia Computer Science 83, 750-757 2016

  • Scopus based analysis of related literature to traffic safety and awareness in the Arab countries
    AMA Abdo, B Akash, MS Mohsen, O Akash
    International journal of applied engineering research 11 (6), 4076-4080 2016

  • A Review on Solar Energy Research in Jordan
    O Akash, AA Abdo, B Akash, M Mohsen
    Fifth Conference on Renewables and Energy Efficiency for Desert Regions 2016

  • Thermal depolymerization of lignin
    BA Akash
    Int. J. of Thermal & Environmental Engineering 13 (1), 17-22 2016

  • Thermochemical depolymerization of biomass
    B Akash
    The 5th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Information 2015

  • Combustion and emission investigation of diesel fuel and kerosene blends
    BA Akash
    Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 10 (6), 618-622 2015

  • Energy and exergy analysis of alumina–water nanofluid for an electronic liquid cooling system
    SS Khaleduzzaman, MR Sohel, R Saidur, IM Mahbubul, IM Shahrul, ...
    International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 57, 118-127 2014

  • A comparative analysis of energy indicators and CO2 emissions in 15 Arab countries
    I Al-Hinti, A Al-Ghandoor, A Sakhrieh, B Akash, E Abu-Nada
    Int. J. of Environment and Waste Management 11 (2), 129 - 147 2013

  • 2012 Outstanding Reviewers
    L Achenie, J Ahamed, A Ahsen, B Akash, C Allen, F Alobaid, ...
     2013

  • Thermochemical Liquefaction of Coal
    B Akash
    Int. J. of Thermal and Environmental Engineering 5 (1), 51-60 2013

  • Evaluation of current municipal solid waste practice and management for Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
    ES Gharaibeh, NM Haimour, BA Akash
    Int. J. Sustain. Water Environ. Syst 2 (2), 103-110 2011

  • Performance of diesel engine using gas mixture with variable specific heats model
    A Sakhrieh, E Abu-Nada, B Akash, I Al-Hinti, A Al-Ghandoor
    Journal of the Energy Institute 83 (4), 217-224 2010

  • Proceedings of the International Engineering Conference on Hot Arid Regions: Challenges, Technologies, and Opportunities: IECHAR 2010
    B Akash, A Abu Abdo
    King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia 2010

  • Computational thermodynamic analysis of compression ignition engine
    A Sakhrieh, E Abu-Nada, I Al-Hinti, A Al-Ghandoor, B Akash
    Int'l Comm. Heat Mass Transfer 37 (3), 299-303 2010

  • Performance of a spark ignition engine under the effect of friction using a gas mixture model
    E Abu-Nada, B Akash, I Al-Hinti, A Al-Sarkhi
    Journal of the Energy Institute 82 (4), 197-205 2009

  • Renewable Energy Activities in Jordan
    B Akash
    International Conference on Green Energy and Sustainability for Arid Regions 2009

  • Modeling of irreversible Otto cycle using gas mixture model
    B Akash, E Abu-Nada, I Al-Hinti, A Al-Sarkhi
    Fourth International Conference on Thermal Engineering Theory and 2009

MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Multi-criteria selection of electric power plants using analytical hierarchy process
    BA Akash, R Mamlook, MS Mohsen
    Electric power systems research 52 (1), 29-35 1999
    Citations: 294

  • A review on boilers energy use, energy savings, and emissions reductions
    MC Barma, R Saidur, SMA Rahman, A Allouhi, BA Akash, SM Sait
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 79, 970-983 2017
    Citations: 284

  • Experimental study of the basin type solar still under local climate conditions
    BA Akash, MS Mohsen, W Nayfeh
    Energy Conversion and Management 41 (9), 883-890 2000
    Citations: 262

  • Experimental evaluation of a single-basin solar still using different absorbing materials
    BA Akash, MS Mohsen
    Renewable energy 14 (1-4), 307-310 1998
    Citations: 262

  • Some prospects of energy savings in buildings
    MS Mohsen, BA Akash
    Energy conversion and management 42 (11), 1307-1315 2001
    Citations: 229

  • Experimental and theoretical study of a single-basin solar sill
    S Nijmeh, S Odeh, B Akash
    Int'l Comm. Heat Mass Transfer 32 (3-4), 565-572 2005
    Citations: 200

  • Assessment of LPG as a possible alternative to R-12 in domestic refrigerators
    BA Akash, SA Said
    Energy Conversion and Management 44 (3), 381-388 2003
    Citations: 166

  • Fuzzy sets programming to perform evaluation of solar systems
    R Mamlook, BA Akash, S Nijmeh
    Energy conversion and management 42 (14), 1717-1726 2001
    Citations: 133

  • Thermodynamic modeling of spark-ignition engine: Effect of temperature dependent specific heats
    E Abu-Nada, I Al-Hinti, A Al-Sarkhi, B Akash
    Int'l Comm. Heat Mass Transfer 33 (10), 1264-1272 2006
    Citations: 128

  • Evaluation of domestic solar water heating system
    MS Mohsen, BA Akash
    Energy Conversion and Management 38 (18), 1815-1822 1997
    Citations: 112

  • Efficiency of Miller engine at maximum power density
    A Al-Sarkhi, BA Akash, JO Jaber, MS Mohsen, E Abu-Nada
    Int'l Comm. Heat Mass Transfer 29 (8), 1159-1168 2002
    Citations: 103

  • A neuro-fuzzy approach for evaluating electric power generation systems
    R Mamlook, BA Akash, MS Mohsen
    Energy 26 (6), 619-632 2001
    Citations: 99

  • Energy and exergy analysis of alumina–water nanofluid for an electronic liquid cooling system
    SS Khaleduzzaman, MR Sohel, R Saidur, IM Mahbubul, IM Shahrul, ...
    International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 57, 118-127 2014
    Citations: 96

  • Characterization of shale oil as compared to crude oil and some refined petroleum products
    BA Akash
    Energy Sources 25 (12), 1171-1182 2003
    Citations: 75

  • Thermodynamic analysis of spark‐ignition engine using a gas mixture model for the working fluid
    E Abu‐Nada, I Al‐Hinti, B Akash, A Al‐Sarkhi
    International Journal of Energy Research 31 (11), 1031-1046 2007
    Citations: 74

  • Lignin-augmented coal depolymerization under mild reaction conditions
    SB Lalvani, CB Muchmore, J Koropchak, B Akash, P Chivate, C Chavez
    Energy & Fuels 5 (2), 347-352 1991
    Citations: 74

  • Performance evaluation of irreversible Miller engine under various specific heat models
    A Al-Sarkhi, I Al-Hinti, E Abu-Nada, B Akash
    Int'l Comm. Heat Mass Transfer 34 (7), 897-906 2007
    Citations: 73

  • Effect of heat transfer on the performance of an ait-standard diesel cycle
    BA Akash
    Int'l Comm. Heat Mass Transfer 28 (1), 87-95 2001
    Citations: 66

  • Experimental Performance of a Heat Pipe
    SA Said, BA Akash
    Int'l Comm. Heat and Mass Transfer 26 (5), 679-684 1999
    Citations: 61

  • Computational thermodynamic analysis of compression ignition engine
    A Sakhrieh, E Abu-Nada, I Al-Hinti, A Al-Ghandoor, B Akash
    Int'l Comm. Heat Mass Transfer 37 (3), 299-303 2010
    Citations: 59