Developing sustainable 3D printable concrete materials using olivine sand for carbon sequestration Suvash Chandra Paul, Junghyun Lee, Yi Wei Daniel Tay, Issam T. Amr, Bandar A. Fadhel, Ming Jen Tan Discover Sustainability, 2026 3D concrete printing (3DCP) is an emerging and innovative technology that creates concrete structures layer by layer from a digital model. This method has significant potential to enhance productivity and safety in construction. 3D printing facilitates the use of innovative design principles while promoting the smart and efficient utilization of materials and resources. It allows for customization and the creation of intricate geometries without incurring additional costs. Consequently, adopting 3D printing technology in construction can yield substantial economic and environmental benefits. This study explores the use of olivine sand as a replacement for natural river sand in the production of 3D printable material. Olivine is believed to absorb CO 2 directly from the atmosphere, which could enhance concrete properties and protect environment from carbon emission. Natural sand was replaced with olivine sand in varying percentages of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, and their effects on 3D printed structures were investigated. The 3D printed samples underwent tests for mechanical strength, rheology, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results indicated that replacing natural sand with olivine did not adversely affect strength; rather, it produced positive outcomes at certain replacement levels, with the primary goal of capturing CO 2 from the atmosphere.
In-process filament repair in 3D concrete printing with instance segmentation Tan Kai Noel Quah, Zhi Xin Liu, Yi Wei Daniel Tay, Ming Yang Li, Ming Jen Tan, Teck Neng Wong, King Ho Holden Li Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 2025 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) stands as an automated method using robotics to construct concrete structures layer by layer, offering time efficiency, cost savings, and improved safety. Despite its practical relevance, on-site operators are still necessary to identify printing issues. While research focuses primarily on material optimisation, lesser attention is given to processing, software, and building integration aspects. This study delves into the gaps and correction behaviour of 3DCP cementitious materials, employing simulation tools and computer vision. Using varied nozzle speeds (60, 30, and 20 mm/s), repairs were attempted above simulated gaps on the base layer. Observations revealed a slump-like behaviour in filament gaps, increased layer width for 33.3% and 50% speeds, and the necessity for smaller repair adaptability. Optimal repair speed for filament tears fell between 33.3% and 50% of the nozzle travel speed. Assessing real-time in-process scanning and repair for a closed-loop system proved promising, though hardware limitations introduced unforeseen noise. Future work suggestions encompass improved simulated models, nozzle travel speed optimisation, enhanced inference models for higher layers, and nozzle adaptations for smaller repairs.
Unlocking the sustainable potential of 3D concrete printing with large aggregates and steam–CO2 curing Suvash Chandra Paul, Junghyun Lee, Yi Wei Daniel Tay, Sean Gip Lim, Jihye Jhun, Bandar A. Fadhel, Issam T. Amr, Ming Jen Tan Materials Science in Additive Manufacturing, 2025 Three-dimensional concrete printing (3DCP) has emerged as a promising innovation in the construction industry, significantly reducing its reliance on intensive labor while minimizing material waste. Despite its benefits, a major limitation of current 3DCP practices is the high reliance on cement as the primary binder, which often exceeds 60% of the total solid content. This high cement usage contributes significantly to CO2 emissions, raising sustainability concerns. In this study, a 3D-printable concrete mix incorporating large aggregates (up to 10 mm) was developed, replacing over 7% of fine aggregate and reducing cement content to approximately 29% by weight. The effects of CO2 gas and a steam–CO2 mixture on the mechanical performance and CO2 uptake of the printed concrete were assessed. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to quantify CO2 sequestration over time. Compared to control samples without gas treatment, those exposed to the steam–CO2 mixture showed enhanced buildability, improved compressive and flexural strength, and greater CO2 uptake. The results suggest that surface spraying of the steam–CO2 mixture during the 3D printing process offers a viable and scalable approach to improving both the structural performance and environmental footprint of printed concrete elements.
Potential of carbon dioxide spraying on the properties of 3D concrete printed structures Yi Wei Daniel Tay, Sean Gip Lim, Bandar A. Fadhel, Issam T. Amr, Rami A. Bamagain, Ali S. Al-Hunaidy, Suvash Chandra Paul, Ming Jen Tan Carbon Capture Science and Technology, 2024 Achieving net carbon neutrality is a global goal toward mitigating climate change presumed consequences. The building and construction sector, responsible for approximately 40 % of greenhouse gas emissions, requires innovative zero-carbon technologies. This paper investigates the synergistic potential of combining 3D concrete printing (3DCP) and carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) to advance net carbon neutrality in construction. By implementing different CO2 spraying regimes, this study demonstrates improved carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake and the crystallinity of precipitated calcium carbonate (CaCO3). The findings indicate that the method's effectiveness heavily relies on appropriate printing parameters and curing conditions. Chamber-cured samples exhibit the highest CO2 uptake but the lowest mechanical strength, while ambient-cured samples show the opposite trend. It is also important to note that the duration of CO2 exposure in this study was relatively short, resulting in limitations in both CO2 uptake and strength gain. Nevertheless, this study highlights the potential of synergistically combining 3DCP and CCS technologies for net carbon neutrality, emphasizing the critical role of the construction sector in achieving global emission reduction targets.
Carbon capture and sequestration with in-situ CO2 and steam integrated 3D concrete printing Sean Gip Lim, Yi Wei Daniel Tay, Suvash Chandra Paul, Junghyun Lee, Issam T. Amr, Bandar A. Fadhel, Aqil Jamal, Ahmad O. Al-Khowaiter, Ming Jen Tan Carbon Capture Science and Technology, 2024 Profound reliance of the building and construction sector on cement exacerbates its immense carbon footprint, accounting for a substantial portion of worldwide emissions. In this paper, we investigate the possibilities of in-situ carbon capture and sequestration to eliminate spatial constraints from a chamber confined curing solution via CO 2 and steam integrated 3D concrete printing. The presented technology involves a two-step extrusion-based system that sequesters captured CO 2 directly into concrete prior deposition at the nozzle printhead, so as to achieve artificially accelerated carbonation reactions with enhancement of mechanical properties. Accordingly, samples subjected to in-situ CO 2 and steam integration showed increases of up to 50.0 % 3D printability, 36.8 % compressive strength, and 45.3 % flexural strength compared to control at its respective curing conditions. The results of said approach demonstrated 38.2 % increase in bulk carbon uptake compared to accelerated carbonation confined curing methods, offering an alternative pathway towards decarbonized construction with 3DCP.
Sustainable Support Material for Overhang Printing in 3D Concrete Printing Technology Guan Heng Andrew Ting, Yi Wei Daniel Tay, Tan Kai Noel Quah, Ming Jen Tan, Teck Neng Wong Applied Sciences Switzerland, 2024 The advantage of 3DCP technologies is the ability to fabricate free-form structures. However, printing openings in concrete structures are limited by the presence of overhanging sections. While various 3D printing and additive manufacturing technologies have established methods for handling overhangs with temporary supports, many existing techniques for 3D concrete printing still rely on wooden planks and corbelling, which restrict the design flexibility and slope angles. The objective of this study is to develop a removable and sustainable support material with high printability performance. This support material serves as temporary support for overhang sections in 3D-printed structures and can be removed once the primary concrete has hardened sufficiently. This study observed that increasing the recycled glass content in the mixture raises both the dynamic and static yield stresses, with only mixtures containing up to 60% recycled glass remaining pumpable. Optimization of the mixture design aimed to balance high flowability and buildability, and the results indicated that a mixture with 60% recycled glass content is optimal. The effectiveness of the optimized support material was validated through the successful printing of a structure featuring a free-form opening and overhang section.
3D printing for sustainable construction Industry 4 0 Shaping the Future of the Digital World Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Smart Manufacturing S2m 2019, 2019
Bond strength of 3D printed concrete B. Panda, Daniel Yi Wei Tay, A. Ting, Lewei He, M. Tan Proceedings of the International Conference on Progress in Additive Manufacturing, 2018
Automation of robotic concrete printing using feedback control system Isarc 2017 Proceedings of the 34th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction, 2017
Developing sustainable 3D printable concrete materials using olivine sand for carbon sequestration SC Paul, J Lee, YWD Tay, IT Amr, BA Fadhel, MJ Tan Discover Sustainability 7 (1), 164 , 2026 2026
Impacts of Optical Fibres and Interlayer Delays on Bond Strength and Functional Properties of 3D-Printed Translucent Concrete YWD Tay, TKN Quah, JH Lim, QN Vuong, JW Chen, KM Mosalam, MJ Tan Results in Engineering, 110905 , 2026 2026
Spin-liquid-like spin dynamics in the frustrated antiferromagnet J Khatua, D Tay, T Shiroka, M Pregelj, K Kargeti, SK Panda, ... Physical Review B 113 (17), 174406 , 2026 2026
Long-Lived Mechanically-Detected Molecular Spins for Quantum Sensing S Tabatabaei, P Priyadarsi, D Tay, N Singh, P Sahafi, A Jordan, ... arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.04708 , 2026 2026
Translational molecular imaging and drug development in multiple sclerosis D Tay, H Ahmed, A Dawoud, M Salam, L Gobbi, U Grether, MR Edelmann, ... Theranostics 16 (4), 1630 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
In-process filament repair in 3D concrete printing with instance segmentation TKN Quah, ZX Liu, YWD Tay, MY Li, MJ Tan, TN Wong, KHH Li Virtual and Physical Prototyping 20 (1), e2544758 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Unlocking the sustainable potential of 3D concrete printing with large aggregates and steam–CO2 curing SC Paul, J Lee, YW Daniel Tay Materials Science in Additive Manufacturing 5 (1), 025330076 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Anisotropic superconductivity in the quasi-one-dimensional superconductor V 2 Ga 5 G Lamura, D Tay, R Khasanov, P Gentile, CQ Xu, X Ke, IJ Onuorah, ... Scientific Reports 15 (1), 14185 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Attachment design and methodology for direct carbonation of thixotropic cementitious composite fluids SG Lim, MJ Tan, DYW Tay, BA Fadhel, IT Amr, SC PAUL US Patent App. 18/906,607 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
3D Cementitious composites printing with pretreated recycled crumb rubber: mechanical and acoustic insulation properties X Wang, L Du, Z Liu, M Li, Y Weng, Z Liu, YWD Tay, Z Fan, TN Wong, ... Virtual and Physical Prototyping 19 (1), e2399787 , 2024 2024 Citations: 8
Carbon capture and sequestration with in-situ CO2 and steam integrated 3D concrete printing SG Lim, YWD Tay, SC Paul, J Lee, IT Amr, BA Fadhel, A Jamal, ... Carbon Capture Science & Technology 13, 100306 , 2024 2024 Citations: 13
Potential of carbon dioxide spraying on the properties of 3D concrete printed structures YWD Tay, SG Lim, BA Fadhel, IT Amr, RA Bamagain, AS Al-Hunaidy, ... Carbon Capture Science & Technology 13, 100256 , 2024 2024 Citations: 14
Sustainable support material for overhang printing in 3D concrete printing technology GHA Ting, YWD Tay, TKN Quah, MJ Tan, TN Wong Applied Sciences 14 (17), 7800 , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
Weyl fermion excitations in the ideal Weyl semimetal CN Wang, D Tay, QX Dong, Z Okvátovity, BM Huddart, CY Ma, ... Physical Review Research 6 (3), 033229 , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
Large-enhancement nanoscale dynamic nuclear polarization near a silicon nanowire surface S Tabatabaei, P Priyadarsi, N Singh, P Sahafi, D Tay, A Jordan, ... Science Advances 10 (34), eado9059 , 2024 2024 Citations: 7
Construction 3D Printing: Selected Papers from the 4-IC3DcP Conference MJ Tan, M Li, YWD Tay, TN Wong, P Bartolo Springer Nature , 2024 2024
Classical spin liquid state in the emergent honeycomb-lattice material TbBO3 J Khatua, D Tay, T Shiroka, M Pregelj, U Jena, M Barik, K Kargeti, ... arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.05867 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Hybrid amyloid–chitin nanofibrils for magnetic and catalytic aerogels M Peydayesh, E Boschi, M Bagnani, D Tay, F Donat, H Almohammadi, ... ACS nano 18 (8), 6690-6701 , 2024 2024 Citations: 28
Spin liquid state in an emergent honeycomb lattice antiferromagnet J Khatua, D Tay, T Shiroka, M Pregelj, K Kargeti, SK Panda, ... arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.05867 , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
Exploring carbon sequestration potential through 3D concrete printing YWD Tay, SG Lim, SLB Phua, MJ Tan, BA Fadhel, IT Amr Virtual and Physical Prototyping 18 (1), e2277347 , 2023 2023 Citations: 29
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
3D printing trends in building and construction industry: a review YWD Tay, B Panda, SC Paul, NA Noor Mohamed, MJ Tan, KF Leong Virtual and physical prototyping 12 (3), 261-276 , 2017 2017 Citations: 1160
Fresh and hardened properties of 3D printable cementitious materials for building and construction SC Paul, YWD Tay, B Panda, MJ Tan Archives of civil and mechanical engineering 18 (1), 311-319 , 2018 2018 Citations: 792
Measurement of tensile bond strength of 3D printed geopolymer mortar B Panda, SC Paul, NAN Mohamed, YWD Tay, MJ Tan Measurement 113, 108-116 , 2018 2018 Citations: 691
Additive manufacturing of geopolymer for sustainable built environment B Panda, SC Paul, LJ Hui, YWD Tay, MJ Tan Journal of cleaner production 167, 281-288 , 2017 2017 Citations: 640
Printability region for 3D concrete printing using slump and slump flow test YWD Tay, Y Qian, MJ Tan Composites Part B: Engineering 174, 106968 , 2019 2019 Citations: 596
Large-scale 3D printing by a team of mobile robots X Zhang, M Li, JH Lim, Y Weng, YWD Tay, H Pham, QC Pham Automation in Construction 95, 98-106 , 2018 2018 Citations: 578
Time gap effect on bond strength of 3D-printed concrete YWD Tay, GHA Ting, Y Qian, B Panda, L He, MJ Tan Virtual and Physical Prototyping 14 (1), 104-113 , 2019 2019 Citations: 353
Effect of printing parameters in 3D concrete printing: Printing region and support structures YWD Tay, M Li, MJ Tan Journal of Materials Processing Technology 271, 261-270 , 2019 2019 Citations: 274
Processing and properties of construction materials for 3D printing YWD Tay, B Panda, SC Paul, MJ Tan, SZ Qian, KF Leong, CK Chua Materials Science Forum 861, 177-181 , 2016 2016 Citations: 198
Utilization of recycled glass for 3D concrete printing: rheological and mechanical properties GHA Ting, YWD Tay, Y Qian, MJ Tan Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 21 (4), 994-1003 , 2019 2019 Citations: 160
Current challenges and future potential of 3D concrete printing: Aktuelle Herausforderungen und Zukunftspotenziale des 3D‐Druckens bei Beton B Panda, YWD Tay, SC Paul, MJ Tan Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 49 (5), 666-673 , 2018 2018 Citations: 160
Experimental measurement on the effects of recycled glass cullets as aggregates for construction 3D printing GHA Ting, YWD Tay, MJ Tan Journal of Cleaner Production 300, 126919 , 2021 2021 Citations: 110
Concrete 3D printing: Process parameters for process control, monitoring and diagnosis in automation and construction TKN Quah, YWD Tay, JH Lim, MJ Tan, TN Wong, KHH Li Mathematics 11 (6), 1499 , 2023 2023 Citations: 71
Creating functionally graded concrete materials with varying 3D printing parameters YWD Tay, JH Lim, M Li, MJ Tan Virtual and Physical Prototyping 17 (3), 662-681 , 2022 2022 Citations: 69
Extrudable region parametrical study of 3D printable concrete using recycled glass concrete GHA Ting, TKN Quah, JH Lim, YWD Tay, MJ Tan Journal of Building Engineering 50, 104091 , 2022 2022 Citations: 67
Rotation nozzle and numerical simulation of mass distribution at corners in 3D cementitious material printing Z Liu, M Li, YWD Tay, Y Weng, TN Wong, MJ Tan Additive Manufacturing 34, 101190 , 2020 2020 Citations: 64
Bond strength in 3D printed geopolymer mortar B Panda, NA Noor Mohamed, YWD Tay, MJ Tan RILEM International Conference on Concrete and Digital Fabrication, 200-206 , 2018 2018 Citations: 52
Automation of robotic concrete printing using feedback control system B Panda, JH Lim, NAN Mohamed, SC Paul, YWD Tay, MJ Tan ISARC. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Automation and Robotics … , 2017 2017 Citations: 39
Effect of recycled glass gradation in 3D cementitious material printing A Annapareddy, M Li, MJ Tan, AGH Ting, DYW Tay 2018 Citations: 30
Exploring carbon sequestration potential through 3D concrete printing YWD Tay, SG Lim, SLB Phua, MJ Tan, BA Fadhel, IT Amr Virtual and Physical Prototyping 18 (1), e2277347 , 2023 2023 Citations: 29
