Migration of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Soil Under Rainfall Simulation Minshu Liang, Shervin Kabiri, Michael J. McLaughlin, Divina Navarro Clean Soil Air Water, 2026 Understanding the migration of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in soil via groundwater and surface water is vital for managing PFAS. PFAS transport via surface runoff during rainfall is less known than leaching. This study investigated PFAS migration under simulated rainfall in soils with varying contamination levels, examining multiple pathways to assess the factors affecting PFAS migration. Rainfall simulations were conducted over 15 days with wetting and drying cycles. Results indicate that leaching is likely the dominant pathway for PFAS transport, accounting for the largest proportion (on average 72%) of PFAS mass in the released fractions. Runoff was also an important pathway for long‐chain PFAS, whereas short‐chain PFAS were not detected in runoff. Both PFAS concentration and the wetting‐drying cycles influenced PFAS distribution. Leaching was negligible when PFAS concentrations exceeded 30 mg/kg perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), potentially due to reduction in soil hydraulic conductivity. PFAS concentrations in runoff increased following extended drying periods, suggesting accumulation of PFAS in the upper soil. This pattern of evapoconcentration, likely driven by capillary water movement and subsequent evaporation, is consistent with the resurgence of concentration in surface soils. Overall results highlight that surface runoff is an important pathway for PFAS transport, particularly for long chain PFAS. Wetting and drying cycles may promote accumulation in the upper soil layers, increasing the potential for mobilization via runoff. By considering both leaching and runoff, this study contributes to a better understanding of PFAS transport in soils and can help inform management strategies to reduce contaminant spread to surface waters.
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Ecotoxicological effects of chromium (VI) on seedling growth, soil nitrification and earthworm behavior Journal of the International Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural Sciences, 2020
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Migration of Per‐and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Soil Under Rainfall Simulation M Liang, S Kabiri, MJ McLaughlin, D Navarro CLEAN–Soil, Air, Water 54 (4), e70161 , 2026 2026
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Guidance on sampling complex waste materials: Sampling plan design principles applied to end of life tyres and rubber materials NJ Boxall, G Davis, DA Navarro, M Williams, C Joll, A Heitz, R Niven, ... CSIRO Publishing , 2025 2025
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Environmental Impacts of Tyre Use D Navarro, R Kookana Chemistry International 48 (1), 42-43 , 2025 2025
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Characterization and adsorption performance of surfactant-modified zeolite for chromium (VI) removal from aqueous solutions II Buladaco, DAG Navarro, JEM Rosales, PB Sanchez Journal of Ecological Engineering 26 (5) , 2025 2025
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MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Influences of chemical properties, soil properties, and solution pH on soil–water partitioning coefficients of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) TMH Nguyen, J Bräunig, K Thompson, J Thompson, S Kabiri, ... Environmental science & technology 54 (24), 15883-15892 , 2020 2020 Citations: 509
Humic acid-induced silver nanoparticle formation under environmentally relevant conditions N Akaighe, RI MacCuspie, DA Navarro, DS Aga, S Banerjee, M Sohn, ... Environmental science & technology 45 (9), 3895-3901 , 2011 2011 Citations: 369
Assessing antibiotic sorption in soil: a literature review and new case studies on sulfonamides and macrolides SR Wegst-Uhrich, DAG Navarro, L Zimmerman, DS Aga Chemistry Central Journal 8 (1), 5 , 2014 2014 Citations: 273
Increasing ionic strength and valency of cations enhance sorption through hydrophobic interactions of PFAS with soil surfaces W Cai, DA Navarro, J Du, G Ying, B Yang, MJ McLaughlin, RS Kookana Science of the Total Environment 817, 152975 , 2022 2022 Citations: 233
Sorption of PFOA onto different laboratory materials: Filter membranes and centrifuge tubes S Lath, ER Knight, DA Navarro, RS Kookana, MJ McLaughlin Chemosphere 222, 671-678 , 2019 2019 Citations: 219
Investigating uptake of water-dispersible CdSe/ZnS quantum dot nanoparticles by Arabidopsis thaliana plants DA Navarro, MA Bisson, DS Aga Journal of hazardous materials 211, 427-435 , 2012 2012 Citations: 195
Ecological risk assessment of nano-enabled pesticides: a perspective on problem formulation GW Walker, RS Kookana, NE Smith, M Kah, CL Doolette, PT Reeves, ... Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 66 (26), 6480-6486 , 2017 2017 Citations: 178
Bioavailability of silver and silver sulfide nanoparticles to lettuce (Lactuca sativa): Effect of agricultural amendments on plant uptake CL Doolette, MJ McLaughlin, JK Kirby, DA Navarro Journal of hazardous materials 300, 788-795 , 2015 2015 Citations: 149
Application of native plants in constructed floating wetlands as a passive remediation approach for PFAS-impacted surface water J Awad, G Brunetti, A Juhasz, M Williams, D Navarro, B Drigo, J Bougoure, ... Journal of Hazardous Materials 429, 128326 , 2022 2022 Citations: 108
Sorptive remediation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) using mixed mineral and graphene/carbon-based materials S Lath, DA Navarro, D Losic, A Kumar, MJ McLaughlin Environmental Chemistry 15 (8), 472-480 , 2018 2018 Citations: 85
Natural organic matter-mediated phase transfer of quantum dots in the aquatic environment DAG Navarro, DF Watson, DS Aga, S Banerjee Environmental science & technology 43 (3), 677-682 , 2009 2009 Citations: 84
Key properties governing sorption–desorption behaviour of poly-and perfluoroalkyl substances in saturated and unsaturated soils: a review RS Kookana, DA Navarro, S Kabiri, MJ McLaughlin Soil Research 61 (2), 107-125 , 2022 2022 Citations: 78
Comparing the leaching behavior of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances from contaminated soils using static and column leaching tests S Kabiri, W Tucker, DA Navarro, J Braunig, K Thompson, ER Knight, ... Environmental Science & Technology 56 (1), 368-378 , 2021 2021 Citations: 76
Stabilisation of PFAS in soils: Long-term effectiveness of carbon-based soil amendments DA Navarro, S Kabiri, J Ho, KC Bowles, G Davis, MJ McLaughlin, ... Environmental Pollution 323, 121249 , 2023 2023 Citations: 73
Cd Tolerance and Accumulation in the Aquatic Macrophyte, Chara australis : Potential Use for Charophytes in Phytoremediation BL Clabeaux, DAG Navarro, DS Aga, MA Bisson Environmental science & technology 45 (12), 5332-5338 , 2011 2011 Citations: 73
Quantifying the sensitivity of soil microbial communities to silver sulfide nanoparticles using metagenome sequencing CL Doolette, VVSR Gupta, Y Lu, JL Payne, DJ Batstone, JK Kirby, ... PLoS one 11 (8), e0161979 , 2016 2016 Citations: 71
An investigation into the long-term binding and uptake of PFOS, PFOA and PFHxS in soil–plant systems ER Knight, J Bräunig, LJ Janik, DA Navarro, RS Kookana, JF Mueller, ... Journal of Hazardous Materials 404, 124065 , 2021 2021 Citations: 70
The efficacy of soil washing for the remediation of per-and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the field C Grimison, ER Knight, TMH Nguyen, N Nagle, S Kabiri, J Bräunig, ... Journal of hazardous materials 445, 130441 , 2023 2023 Citations: 66
Sorption behaviour of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) as affected by the properties of coastal estuarine sediments DP Oliver, DA Navarro, J Baldock, SL Simpson, RS Kookana Science of the total environment 720, 137263 , 2020 2020 Citations: 66
Impact of (nano) formulations on the distribution and wash-off of copper pesticides and fertilisers applied on citrus leaves M Kah, D Navarro, RS Kookana, JK Kirby, S Santra, A Ozcan, S Kabiri Environmental Chemistry 16 (6), 401-410 , 2019 2019 Citations: 66