An Optimized Image Watermarking Using Fuzzy with ROI-Based Image Enhancement Sachin Kumar Ray, Divyanshu Awasthi, and Vinay Kumar Srivastava IEEE In this paper, the main objective is to hide sensitive information in vital filtered host images using a watermark image. The ROI i.e. region of interest of the host image is filtered to improve the quality by de-blurring and smoothing. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is used to convert the host image into frequency domain to reduce noise. Fuzzy inference system (FIS) is used to get the optimum scaling factor (SF) to balance the properties of watermarking technique, where contrast, entropy, and roughness are taken as the membership functions. FIS-based optimization technique can manage the vagueness and ambiguity efficiency and deals with the imprecise data. Singular value decomposition (SVD) is used to get the dominant component which further used in embedding that enhances the robustness of the proposed scheme. The percentage enhancement in imperceptibility is 3.3% and in robustness is 10.01%.
FISmark: Heritage Image Copyright Protection with FIS based Optimization Priyank Khare, Divyanshu Awasthi, and Vinay Kumar Srivastava IEEE Cultural images (CI) are the basis of our important heritage sites present on this earth. CI symbolic highlights for the culture and tradition which our society inherent it. Since the dissemination of CI is growing at a vital pace so their integrity needs to be protected from unauthorized users. In this proposed technique a novel image watermarking technique is designed for copyright protection of CI. Initially in this approach a hybrid watermark image is generated using CI and its geographical location with the aid of lifting wavelet transform (LWT), singular value decomposition (SVD), secure hash algorithm (SHA-384). The watermarking is performed out in YCbCr color domain using redundant discrete wavelet transform (RDWT), randomized singular value decomposition (RSVD) and fuzzy inference system (FIS) optimization technique. The role of FIS is to compute the value of embedding factor so that performance of proposed watermarking technique is strengthen. Several performance metrics are computed for the proposed technique which highlights for the efficiency as compared to other existing techniques.
BacterialWmark: Telemedicine watermarking technique using bacterial foraging for smart healthcare system Divyanshu Awasthi, Priyank Khare, and Vinay Kumar Srivastava SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng Abstract. A transform domain digital image watermarking technique is proposed using bacterial foraging optimization (BFO) for telemedicine applications. To make a trade-off between robustness, imperceptibility, and authenticity is a significant focus of our work. The field of telemedicine is one of the critical areas for an intruder to make unwanted changes. The size of medical data is exponentially increasing since the pandemic. So, the security of medical data is also a big concern. One of the most important techniques to safeguard medical data is image watermarking. The digital imaging and communications in medical images of liver ultrasound are taken as input host images. Peak signal-to-noise ratio, Kullback–Leibler distance, and root-mean-square difference are used for BFO. The proposed BacterialWmark technique shows a significant improvement in robustness and imperceptibility compared with other existing techniques. The computational complexity of the proposed work is also less. The authentication of the watermarked image is successfully executed as the features are perfectly matched with the aid of the MinEigen algorithm. So, the BacterialWmark algorithm can be used in the field of telemedicine efficiently.
ECGWmark: Robust ECG Watermarking Based on IWT and Two-Level Decomposition for IoMT Anurag Tiwari, Divyanshu Awasthi, and Vinay Kumar Srivastava IEEE The electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, which can be used to diagnose cardiovascular disorders, is one of the most significant segment of medical data. The sharing of digitized patient records across open networks has multiplied with the growth of point of care services. The smart healthcare facilities provide remote medical support using this digital data. The issue of encrypting this data during transmission is enormous. In the proposed work, Integer wavelet transform (IWT) and two-level decomposition-based scheme is utilized to embed multiple watermark (i) Patient information (ii) Fingerprint of patient. The 2-D ECG image is decomposed using 2 level IWT into different sub-bands. In the LL sub-band patient information (Pat-info) watermark image is embedded and into HH sub-band fingerprint of patient is embedded. The proposed method offers more than 70 dB PSNR value and NCC equal to 1.0000 under zero attack.
DASHWmark:Dual Authentication Based Watermarking Technique in YCbCr Domain for Smart Healthcare System Divyanshu Awasthi, Priyank Khare, and Vinay Kymar Srivastava IEEE The size of the medical records (MR) is rising drastically after the pandemic era. The security, integrity and authenticity of MR is the need of an hour. In this work, YCbCr color space-based watermarking technique is proposed by using the properties of redundant discrete wavelet transform (RDWT), Schur decomposition (SD) and randomized singular value decomposition (RSVD). Hybrid watermark is generated by combining the Aadhar card of patient with the hash value (SHA-384) generated by taking Aadhar number as a string by using lifting wavelet transform (LWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD). Liver ultrasound and fundus images are taken as the host image. Binary robust invariant scalable keypoints (BRISK) are used to authenticate the features of watermarked images. To evaluate the performance of the proposed technique Average Peak signal to noise ratio (APSNR), Mean square error (MSE), Normalized correlation coefficient (NCC), Kullback-Leibler (KLD) and Jensen-Shannon (JSD) distances are calculated. By comparing the results with other existing schemes, it is clear that the proposed scheme is superior and can be used for securing the integrity and provide authenticity to MR.