Gaurav Singal (SMIEEE) is an Assistant Professor in Computer Science Engineering Department at NSUT Delhi. He obtained his PhD and M. Tech. in the Computer Science Engineering department from Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India. He received research grants from the Department of Science and Technology, Uttar Pradesh on women security and the Department of Biotechnology on Assistive devices. He is actively working in research and teaching for the last 10 years and published a number of reputed conferences and journals. He is a member of the scientific society IEEE and ACM. He is certified as an NVIDIA Deep learning institute ambassador and UIPath RPA Advanced Developer. His research interests include Wireless and Ad hoc Networking, Internet of Things, Edge computing, Applied Deep learning and Reinforcement learning.
EDUCATION
BTech, MTech, PhD
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Computer Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Computer Networks and Communications
99
Scopus Publications
2323
Scholar Citations
25
Scholar h-index
45
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
IoT Network Device Classification Using Traffic Log by Applying Machine Learning Techniques Gaurav Singal, Mamta Rawat, Rakesh Kumar, Riti Kushwaha IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2026 Network security challenges of the Internet of Things (IoT) appliances from a variety of suppliers used in wide areas, are rising quickly. Thus, the maintenance of these devices are extremely crucial to internet providers. However, it is important that devices are routinely tested for their smooth execution and for diagnostic security threats. But there are very few public datasets available with a large variety of devices for analysis of the behaviour of these devices. In this paper, we overcome these problems through the development of an effective dataset of IoT traffic aimed at enabling accurate IoT device identification and behaviour analysis. First, we built a smart environment with 24 diverse IoT devices and captured network traffic traces from this smart framework for 6 months duration. Secondly, we process traffic traces to extract packet-level features and flow-level features for the testing of our captured traffic traces. Third, we developed various frameworks for the security of smart environment automation by detection of IoT devices using ML as well as DL technologies. Lastly, we analysed the accuracy, significance, and flexibility of every machine learning and deep learning technique in offline mode as well as real-time mode. Our research opens up the opportunity for IoT accessibility, flexibility, and network security management in intelligent contexts without specialized devices or standards.
Clustering Irregular Data Streams With Fuzzy Induction Jerry W. Sangma, Vipin Pal, Yogita Yogita, Gaurav Singal, Swagatam Das IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence, 2026 The inherent characteristics of data streams necessitate adherence to certain conditions, such as processing data within a single scan due to limitations in space and time, and effectively managing concept evolutions. Clustering algorithms, which have seen various developments over the years for processing fast-paced data streams, have been a popular choice when extracting information from unlabeled data streams. A common assumption among existing data stream clustering algorithms is that such methods require access to uninterrupted data streams from sources (electronic devices), which may not always hold true as devices are subject to malfunctions. As and when these assumptions are violated, existing methods fail to resolve the issues adequately. To address this limitation, a clustering-by-variable method named Clustering Irregular Data Streams (<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CIDS</i>) has been introduced, focusing on building a robust method capable of addressing irregularities within data streams. These irregularities are handled through fuzzy induction or dissipation in response to changes in the data stream's status quo. Concept evolutions are accommodated within the clustering structure through merge and split operations, guided by statistically significant confirmations. The proposed method's quality and effectiveness have been evaluated against existing approaches using synthetic and real-world datasets. Experimental results demonstrate a high degree of flexibility in handling irregularities and achieving high-quality clustering of data streams.
Surveying Technology Fusion in IoT Networks for IDS: Exploring Datasets, Tools, Challenges, and Research Prospects Mamta Rawat, Gaurav Singal ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology, 2025 The Internet of Things is quickly taking over the world. Nevertheless, security for the IoT is becoming a more important academic topic and commercial concern because of several factors including the diverse nature of devices, protocols in use, the sensitivity of the data they carry, and security and privacy concerns. Admitting this, there appears to be a compelling need for a comprehensive survey that encompasses the entire spectrum of intrusion detection in the IoT paradigm, from foundational concepts like types of IDS, resources, and techniques for implementing IDS, to the latest technologies that can be used to enhance the performance of IDS. This study will be helpful for academic and industrial research in different ways: first, in identifying type of IDS to be used; second, in choosing various tools such as datasets and sniffing tools, and learning techniques for implementing IDS; and finally, it suggests the use of latest enabling technologies in the IoT setting to make the process of intrusion detection more secure, efficient, trustworthy, and privacy aware. We have also discussed critical challenges and research directions to help young researchers advance in their research projects.
Towards White-Box IDS: Integrating Explainability in LoT Ecosystems Tulika Tewari, Gaurav Singal Proceedings of the National Conference on Communications Ncc, 2025 Explainable AI (XAI) has recently garnered sig-nificant traction from researchers. Integrating XAI with state-of-the-art machine/deep learning models increases the trans-parency and interpretability of the decision models' inner workings. However, XAI's applicability still needs to be explored in the field of network security for the loT ecosystem. Past research has extensively focused on building robust intrusion detection systems for loT networks. However, little attention has been paid to the interpretation and how MLIDL models make predictions. Thus, a white-box AI model is required to increase trustability. By integrating XAI, we aim to collect significant information on how different features contribute to predictions and provide a more trusted and transparent system. This, in turn, not only helps us in feature selection but also offers hidden insights into how the classifier performs, thus enabling network analysts to make decisions accordingly. Using the CICloT2023 dataset, this research proposes a hybrid DL model using CNN and BiLSTM that uses XAI techniques, SHAP and LIME to make our IDS more transparent and trustworthy. Using SHAP as part of the feature selection, we increased our model's accuracy by 4 %. We further analyzed our model's efficiency on several performance metrics like recall, precision, ROC curve, and confusion matrix. We subsequently incorporated LIME for local explanations to understand how each attack instance is being predicted.
Hierarchical Federated Learning based Architecture for IDS in IoMT Network Animesh Malviya, Gaurav Singal International Symposium on Advanced Networks and Telecommunication Systems Ants, 2025 An IoT is a collection of devices that communicating and exchanging data over a network. The rapid growth of IoT networks enabled billions of devices around the world to connect and communicate with each other in a network and has been used in various private and government organizations. While this is helpful, it also exposes the said devices to various threats such as Ransomware, Denial of Service, Advanced Persistent Threat. To counteract these threats, a commonly used technique in machine learning models is anomaly detection. Anomaly detection techniques have been used for over a decade to detect and handle anomalies in the data. In this paper, we propose a machine learning model for anomaly detection, which will be added after some understanding of the model. In this study, we compare three distinct techniques for extracting features: Principal Component Analysis, Deep Belief Networks, and Autoencoders. After abstracting these features, a central server aggregates them so that a suite of powerful ensemble classifiers can be trained, including XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, and Random Forest. This study analyses the trade-offs between classification accuracy, computational time, and communication cost using the modern and domain-specific CIC-IoMT 2024 dataset. Non-linear feature extraction methods are shown to be superior in the study, and an optimal pipeline is identified that achieves high predictive accuracy while maintaining data privacy and system efficiency. Delivering useful insights into the practical implementation of next-generation information systems in secure healthcare environments.
CykVest: An NRF-enabled Vest with Accelerometer and GPS Sensors Riti Kushwaha, Gaurav Singal 2025 17th International Conference on Contemporary Computing Ic3 2025, 2025 The increasing number of accidents involving cyclists on the road is a major concern in the modern world. Poor lighting conditions during the night are one of the major reasons behind such accidents. This research paper presents a solution to this problem by developing a wearable vest that can be adjusted according to the convenience of the cyclist. The vest will contain indicator that can be turned on while taking turns. In addition to that, an accelerometer will be attached to the bike to detect a strong impulse of an accident. Whenever the magnitude of the impact is higher than a threshold value, it will send the location of the accident using the GPS module embedded in the vest. The proposed solution aims to enhance the safety of cyclist s on the road and reduce the number of accidents caused by poor lighting conditions. By the market there is no device at cheap rate to promote cycle fitness by telling the number of calories burnt by the distance travelled.
Federated Learning with Differential Privacy in IoT Intrusion Detection Mamta Rawat, Gaurav Singal 2025 IEEE 3rd Global Conference on Wireless Computing and Networking Gcwcn 2025, 2025 The significant rise in the deployment of IoT devices has led to the expansion of the attack surface for attackers, making intrusion detection a critical part of IoT security. However, using traditional centralized IDS approaches lacks data privacy, scalability and incurs higher communication overhead, especially in resource-constrained environments. This paper proposes a privacy-aware intrusion detection framework using FL along with Differential Privacy (DP) to train a model without sharing raw data. We have used a benchmark dataset to evaluate the effect of privacy mechanisms on model accuracy. Results obtained demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves competitive detection performance while safeguarding sensitive data, making it suitable for deployment in distributed IoT networks. Finally, we discuss the trade-offs between privacy and accuracy, highlighting potential directions for future work in secure and scalable intrusion detection.
Investigating the Effects of Social Media on Mental Health Shivanshi Garg, Aashi Garg, Riti Khushwaha, Gaurav Singal 1st International Conference on Advances in Computer Science Electrical Electronics and Communication Technologies Ce2ct 2025, 2025
Blockchain based P2P energy trading platform Prajjwal Joshi, Prateek Gupta, Farhan Khan, Gaurav Singal, Riti Kushwaha 5th IEEE International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Future Electric Transportation Sefet 2025, 2025
Structural analysis using MPU6050 gyroscope Rhythm Narula, Pulkit Barwal, Gaurav Singal 2023 14th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies Icccnt 2023, 2023
NayanCom - A Smart Patient Communication System Aryaman Sharma, Harshit Gupta, Tabishi Singh, Gaurav Singal, Riti Kushwaha Proceedings of 2023 26th Conference of the Oriental Cocosda International Committee for the Co Ordination and Standardization of Speech Databases and Assessment Techniques O Cocosda 2023, 2023
Jal Setu: Smart Water Tank for Homes and Public Places Divyanshu Rao, Aryan Sharma, Hrishikesh Shah, Gaurav Singal, Riti Kushwaha, Vandana Bhatia 2023 4th International Conference on Computing and Communication Systems I3cs 2023, 2023
Currency Detection for Visually Impaired People using Edge Devices Ujjwal Kadam, Arvind Meena, Chaudhary Abuzar, Ujjwal, Gaurav Singhal, Divya Srivastava Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Modelling Simulation and Intelligent Computing Mosicom 2023, 2023
Thresholding based Smart Home Automation System using K-means Aakash Katiyar, Akash Singh, Mohammad Parvez, Nitin Rajora, Lokesh K Sharma, Gaurav Singal Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Cloud Computing Data Science and Engineering Confluence 2023, 2023
Surveillance System for Monitoring Social Distance Sahil Jethani, Ekansh Jain, Irene Serah Thomas, Harshitha Pechetti, Bhavya Pareek, Priyanka Gupta, Venkataramana Veeramsetty, Gaurav Singal Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2021
Identification of Dog Breeds Using Deep Learning Rakesh Kumar, Manish Sharma, Kritika Dhawale, Gaurav Singal Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on Advanced Computing Iacc 2019, 2019
IoT Network Device Classification using Traffic Log by applying Machine Learning Techniques G Singal, M Rawat, R Kumar, R Kushwaha IEEE Internet of Things Journal , 2026 2026
Hierarchical Federated Learning based Architecture for IDS in IoMT Network A Malviya, G Singal 2025 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and … , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Federated Learning with Differential Privacy in IoT Intrusion Detection M Rawat, G Singal 2025 IEEE 3rd Global Conference on Wireless Computing and Networking (GCWCN … , 2025 2025
A distributed classification and prediction model using federated learning in healthcare: G. Rathee et al. G Rathee, A Singh, G Singal, A Tomar Knowledge and Information Systems 67 (11), 10065-10085 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Surveying Technology Fusion in IoT Networks for IDS: Exploring Datasets, Tools, Challenges, and Research Prospects M Rawat, G Singal ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology 16 (5), 1-45 , 2025 2025 Citations: 12
Enhanced Brain Tumor Detection Using CNN and xAI: A Pipeline for Interpretability P Batra, K Lakshya, G Singal, R Kushwaha 2025 Seventeenth International Conference on Contemporary Computing (IC3), 1-6 , 2025 2025
AIoT Agri-Farming and Web-based wildlife Security System R Kushwaha, G Singal, Geetanjali 2025 Seventeenth International Conference on Contemporary Computing (IC3), 1-6 , 2025 2025
CykVest: An NRF-enabled Vest with Accelerometer and GPS Sensors R Kushwaha, G Singal 2025 Seventeenth International Conference on Contemporary Computing (IC3), 1-6 , 2025 2025
Pseudonym shuffling-driven blockchain and Autoencoder-based secure E-healthcare data management T Chandela, A Verma, G Rathee, A Tomar, G Singal International Journal of Information Security 24 (4), 174 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
A Reliable Communication and Computational Mechanism for Governing the Healthcare Data G Rathee, G Singal, A Tomar Intelligent Strategies for ICT: Proceedings of ICTCS 2024, Volume 5 5, 217 , 2025 2025
Blockchain based P2P energy trading platform P Joshi, P Gupta, F Khan, G Singal, R Kushwaha 2025 IEEE 5th International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Future … , 2025 2025
Transforming Healthcare: Mode, Technologies, and Implementation MM Ankush Jain, Vishal Srivastava, Gaurav Singal Taylor and Francis Group 1, 282 , 2025 2025
Clustering Irregular Data Streams With Fuzzy Induction JW Sangma, V Pal, Y Yogita, G Singal, S Das IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence , 2025 2025
Catalysing assistive solutions by deploying light-weight deep learning model on edge devices K Manjari, M Verma, G Singal, V Chamola Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence 37 (3), 465-486 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Towards White-Box IDS: Integrating Explainability in LoT Ecosystems T Tewari, G Singal 2025 National Conference on Communications (NCC), 1-6 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Investigating the Effects of Social Media on Mental Health S Garg, A Garg, R Khushwaha, G Singal 2025 First International Conference on Advances in Computer Science … , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
A Reliable Communication and Computational Mechanism for Governing the Healthcare Data Processing G Rathee, G Singal, A Tomar International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for … , 2024 2024
Hazardous object detection for visually impaired people using edge device U Kadam, R Kushwaha, A Meena, C Abuzar, Ujjwal, G Singal, M Verma SN Computer Science 6 (1), 7 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
The Internet of Trust: Securing and Transparent Supply Chains with Blockchain and IoT G Singal, R Kushwaha, A Sharma, T Tewari 2024 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and … , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Lightweight Intrusion Detection System for IoT Environment through Compression Techniques T Tewari, M Rawat, A Malviya, G Singal 2024 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and … , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Automated DDOS attack detection in software defined networking N Ahuja, G Singal, D Mukhopadhyay, N Kumar Journal of Network and Computer Applications 187, 103108 , 2021 2021 Citations: 287
A survey on assistive technology for visually impaired K Manjari, M Verma, G Singal Internet of Things 11, 100188 , 2020 2020 Citations: 171
IoT Network Traffic Classification Using Machine Learning Algorithms: An Experimental Analysis R Kumar, M Swarnkar, G Singal, N Kumar IEEE Internet of Things Journal 9 (2), 989-1008 , 2021 2021 Citations: 159
Short-term electric power load forecasting using random forest and gated recurrent unit V Veeramsetty, KR Reddy, M Santhosh, A Mohnot, G Singal Electrical Engineering 104 (1), 307-329 , 2022 2022 Citations: 138
DDOS attack SDN dataset N Ahuja, G Singal, D Mukhopadhyay Mendeley Data 1 , 2020 2020 Citations: 107
DLSDN: Deep Learning for DDOS attack detection in Software Defined Networking N Ahuja, G Singal, D Mukhopadhyay Confluence-2021:11th International Conference on Cloud Computing, Data … , 2021 2021 Citations: 87
Edge device based military vehicle detection and classification from uav P Gupta, B Pareek, G Singal, DV Rao Multimedia Tools and Applications 81 (14), 19813-19834 , 2022 2022 Citations: 84
Deep reinforcement learning techniques in diversified domains: a survey S Gupta, G Singal, D Garg Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 28 (7), 4715-4754 , 2021 2021 Citations: 74
FCNN-LDA: A Faster Convolution Neural Network model for Leaf Disease identification on Apple's leaf dataset M Agarwal, RK Kaliyar, G Singal, SK Gupta 2019 12th International Conference on Information & Communication Technology … , 2019 2019 Citations: 67
Coinnet: platform independent application to recognize Indian currency notes using deep learning techniques V Veeramsetty, G Singal, T Badal Multimedia Tools and Applications , 2020 2020 Citations: 58
Multi-constraints link stable multicast routing protocol in MANETs G Singal, V Laxmi, MS Gaur, S Todi, V Rao, M Tripathi, R Kushwaha Ad Hoc Networks 63, 115-128 , 2017 2017 Citations: 56
Moralism: mobility prediction with link stability based multicast routing protocol in MANETs G Singal, V Laxmi, MS Gaur, V Rao Wireless Networks 23 (3), 663-679 , 2017 2017 Citations: 55
Recognition of Gurmukhi Handwritten City Names Using Deep Learning and Cloud Computing S Sharma, S Gupta, D Gupta, S Juneja, G Singal, G Dhiman, S Kautish Scientific Programming 2022 , 2022 2022 Citations: 50
A Novel Approach for Detection of Counterfeit Indian Currency Notes Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network SN Kumar, G Singal, S Sirikonda, R Nethravathi IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 981 (2), 022018 , 2020 2020 Citations: 49
Ascertain the efficient machine learning approach to detect different ARP attacks N Ahuja, G Singal, D Mukhopadhyay, A Nehra Computers and Electrical Engineering 99, 107757 , 2022 2022 Citations: 45
A new qos optimization in iot-smart agriculture using rapid-adaption-based nature-inspired approach SP Singh, G Dhiman, S Juneja, W Viriyasitavat, G Singal, N Kumar, ... IEEE Internet of Things Journal 11 (3), 5417-5426 , 2023 2023 Citations: 38
A secure and lightweight anonymous mutual authentication scheme for wearable devices in Medical Internet of Things A Gupta, M Tripathi, S Muhuri, G Singal, N Kumar Journal of Information Security and Applications 68, 103259 , 2022 2022 Citations: 38
RoadWay: lane detection for autonomous driving vehicles via deep learning G Singal, H Singhal, R Kushwaha, V Veeramsetty, T Badal, S Lamba Multimedia Tools and Applications 82 (4), 4965-4978 , 2023 2023 Citations: 34
DDOS Attack Detection & Prevention in SDN using OpenFlow Statistics N Ahuja, G Singal 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on Advanced Computing (IACC), 147-152 , 2019 2019 Citations: 34
Short Term Active Power Load Prediction on A 33/11 kV Substation Using Regression Models V Veeramsetty, A Mohnot, G Singal, SR Salkuti Energies 14 (11), 2981 , 2021 2021 Citations: 33