PhD in Distributed Machine Learning: University of Glasgow, UK
MS in Electrical Engineering : Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute, Pakistan
BSc Electrical Engineering: HITEC University, Pakistan
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Artificial Intelligence, Computer Engineering, Energy, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
66
Scopus Publications
914
Scholar Citations
18
Scholar h-index
31
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Remaining Useful Life (RUL) Prediction Methods for Machine Health Estimation and Fault Diagnosis: A Comprehensive Review of Latest Techniques and Future Prospects Arslan Ahmed Amin, Ansa Mubarak, Saba Waseem, Zuhair A. Alqarni, Habib Ullah Manzoor Engineering Reports, 2026 This paper aims to provide a state‐of‐the‐art review of the most recent Remaining Useful Life (RUL) prediction methods, starting from statistical methods, machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and their ensemble methods. The limitations and strengths of the earlier techniques, data‐driven techniques, and combined model‐based and data‐driven solutions were discussed. The study focuses on RUL estimates in preventive maintenance policies in different industrial fields where failure prediction and maintenance plans are crucial. While model‐based methods provide high accuracy, they are highly dependent on system knowledge and are likely to be restricted by more comprehensive datasets and various types of degradation features. In contrast, data‐driven methods are becoming more popular and flexible in solving large‐scale problems and complicated degradation features. The paper also highlights the importance of different AI learning models for achieving higher accuracy in predictions, with dependency on the time aspect and hierarchical feature space. Both hybrid and ensemble methods are discussed to have promising applications in integrating the advantages of model‐based and data‐driven approaches to improve prediction reliability. Real‐life examples and applications are described to demonstrate how RUL prediction can help in increasing performance and decreasing expenses. Finally, future research directions for further work are identified to address these challenges.
Simulation and Modeling Techniques for Multi-Objective Optimization of Hybrid Fast EV Charging Station Sana Sultan, Fawad Azeem, Habib Ullah Manzoor, Ghous Bakhsh Narejo, Tareq Manzoor Battery Energy, 2026 In this era, electric vehicles (EVs) have become widely popular in the transportation sector because of their smaller carbon footprint and less noise. The charging stations for EVs are rapidly increasing to meet their charging demands in a shorter time. The hybrid charging stations, combined with renewable sources like solar and wind energy, offer an environmentally friendly solution for the massive adoption of EVs. However, the additional load of EV charging stresses the utility grid, and the intermittency of these renewable sources adds uncertainty to the performance of charging stations. The load management of the EVCS faces challenges during the unavailability of renewable energy and peak demand hours. This research focuses on the demand side management of the EV load through a coordinated demand response strategy that effectively schedules the EVs and employs a multi‐objective optimization technique to balance operational cost and Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP) of the charging station. Three commonly used optimization algorithms, namely Multi‐Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO), Multi‐Objective Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Decomposition (MOEA/D) and Non‐dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA‐II), are analyzed for a hybrid fast EVCS to determine an optimal trade‐off solution that can improve economic feasibility and reliability. Sensitivity analysis of these techniques is performed to analyse the solution of each algorithm under perturbations.
Trustworthy Distributed Load Forecasting in Resource-Limited Smart Grids and Buildings via Random Layer Aggregation Habib Ullah Manzoor, Attia Shabbir, Rao Naveed Bin Rais, Sajjad Hussain, Ahmed Zoha International Journal of Intelligent Systems, 2026 Federated learning (FL) is a privacy‐preserving method for short‐term load forecasting in energy networks. However, current defense mechanisms against adversarial attacks often depend on supplementary machine learning frameworks, such as anomaly detection models or Byzantine‐robust aggregators. These frameworks add significant computational overhead, straining edge devices such as smart meters and IoT systems with limited processing power. To solve this issue, we propose a new defense‐free framework called federated random layer aggregation (FedRLA). By aggregating only one randomly chosen neural network layer per communication round, FedRLA limits adversarial influence to isolated layers. This reduces attack surfaces by 66% compared to full‐model aggregation (FedAvg). Using 8‐bit quantization, FedRLA cuts data transmission by 92.97% without accuracy loss (MAE: 0.08 kWh vs. FedAvg’s 0.076 kWh). Under four model poisoning attacks, it reduces forecasting errors by 19%–35% compared to FedAvg. FedRLA also uses 24% less CPU and 13% less memory than frameworks such as FedProx, while training 58% faster. It combines communication efficiency (0.195 MB/round), adversarial robustness (MAE ≤ 0.11 kWh under ϵ = 0.2 DP), and low resource consumption, offering a scalable solution for secure FL in resource‐constrained energy networks.
Enhancing group-based emotional intelligence in children through an adaptive activity system driven by artificial intelligence Heena Irfan, Awais Hassan, Talha Waheed, Habib Ullah Manzoor, Iram Aziz Peerj Computer Science, 2026 Emotional intelligence (EI) is a crucial skill set because it impacts the social interactions, decision making ability and general well-being of the kids. This study focuses on the creation of adaptive activity generator which aims to improve the emotional intelligence of kids between the ages of 4 to 12 years. The responses from Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) are used to identify the weak emotional intelligence dimensions. In order to dynamically create customized activities that are according to the child’s developmental stage and particular EI problems, it makes use of a Large Language Model (LLM). The system also forms groups of children who share the same weak emotional intelligence (EI) dimension and belong to the same age group, in order to promote collaborative learning and teamwork. Activities are divided into three difficulty levels (low, medium, and high) and focus on specific emotional intelligence (EI) skills, such as self-awareness, empathy, motivation, self-regulation, and social skills. Using hierarchical clustering, clustering analysis produced four unique groupings based on similar behavioral and emotional traits. Most participants showed overall improvement, while a smaller group required further development in certain EI dimensions. The results suggest that the adaptive activity generator is an effective tool for enhancing emotional intelligence in children. A paired T-test confirmed a statistically significant decrease in weak dimensions after the intervention demonstrating the effectiveness of the adaptive activity generator. This approach seeks to fill gaps in current educational practices by offering parents, teachers, and psychologists a scalable and interactive way to support children’s emotional development.
Evaluation of Electric Vehicle Retrofitting Challenges Through a Design, Operation, and Charging Infrastructure Assessment Framework Hasan A. Zidan, Habib Ullah Manzoor, Fawad Azeem, Tareq Manzoor Energy Science and Engineering, 2025 Electric vehicle (EV) is a resurging technology with a promising future. However, range anxiety and lack of charging infrastructure remain challenges for the mass‐scale adoption of EVs. Nevertheless, with technological advancements and rapid development of charging infrastructure, EV adoption has increased massively. On the one hand, the adoption of modern EVs has dramatically increased. On the other hand, retrofitting of conventional vehicles to EVs has significantly gained attention, especially in developing countries. One of the alarming concerns related to retrofitting is less awareness related to the retrofitting challenges that may raise safety issues along with the range anxiety. This research project identifies the challenges of retrofitting conventional gasoline engines to EVs while assessing battery bank capacity, drive train motor performance, and charging impact. A three‐wheel gasoline vehicle is converted into an EV to identify design, operational, and mass‐scale charging impacts. A three‐wheeled petrol‐engine vehicle was selected for the conversion. The geographic location of Karachi Pakistan was selected for testing the retrofitted vehicle. In the first phase, a simulation study is conducted using drive train simulation software for the selection of the electric motor and the sizing of the battery bank. In the second phase, the converted vehicle is tested on the road to analyze operational characteristics, that is, battery drain time, speed, and performance of the traction motor. In the third phase, mass‐scale charging power requirements are quantified. The results revealed that conventional car transformation into an EV can pose challenges in all three phases, that is, design, operation, and mass‐scale charging. It was analyzed that a low space constraint for the battery reduces the battery bank, eventually restricting the vehicle operation to only 15–32 min with a speed of 10 and 20 km/h. On the other hand, with the higher mass vehicles charging, the total power required is 125 kW with a 0.7 demand factor, whereas 117 kW of charging is required in the nighttime during peak hours, which can put a load on the grid with the increasing number of vehicles and less travel time.
Swarm-Optimized ZnO/CdS/CIGS/GaAs Solar Cell for Enhanced Efficiency and Thermal Resilience Habib Ullah Manzoor, Tareq Manzoor, Sajjad Hussain, Muhammad Nasir Manzoor, Ahmed Zoha Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research, 2025 Optimizing solar cell design is vital for boosting efficiency, cutting production costs, and meeting the increasing demand for renewable energy solutions. Through meticulous adjustments in material compositions and device architectures, optimization enhances energy conversion efficiency, making solar power more competitive and adaptable across various applications. This article presents the optimization and efficiency enhancement of a ZnO/CdS/CIGS solar cell with GaAs. The optimization process utilizes the particle swarm optimization algorithm with a step‐by‐step approach. Solar cells are designed using SCAPS‐1D software, and optimization is performed using Python. The optimized ZnO/CdS/CIGS solar cell achieves an efficiency of 32.4%, which rises to 44.7% upon integrating a GaAs layer. Further efficiency gains are observed, reaching 53.2% through back contact optimization, providing a power density of 54 mW cm−2. Optimization also notices a significant improvement in quantum efficiency. The cells are tested under concentrated solar irradiance (1000–10 000 W m−2) and temperatures (300–800 K). Results show that at 10 000 W m−2 and 800 K, the ZnO/CdS/CIGS/GaAs cell requires 53.9% less material than the ZnO/CdS/CIGS cell. Thus, adding GaAs enhances efficiency and thermal resilience, making it ideal for concentrated photovoltaics.
Investigation of Thermal Management Capacity of Casson Electrolytes in Porous Electrodes in Lithium-Ion Battery Applications Tareq Manzoor, S. Iqbal, Tauseef Anwer, Sanaullah Manzoor, Ghulam Mustafa, Habib Ullah Manzoor Battery Energy, 2025 The study of the Casson electrolyte in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) is important because of their complexities due to tougher operational conditions and other challenges during charging–discharging challenges with their improved thermal management capacity and enhanced safety. This further optimizes the thermal management avoiding chances of hot spots or thermal runaway, thereby making LIBs safer. In this investigation, convective loads for non‐Newtonian fluid as electrolyte Casson‐type boundary layer flow related to plate and flat surfaces in non‐Darcy permeable porous electrodes have been deliberated. We have employed the Optimal Homopotic Asymptotic Method technique to solve the equation of the system. The effects and influences of Casson factors, permeability, flow constraints, Prandtl values related to flow and thermal dissipation, and boundary layer profiles have been studied. From the results, it is concluded that thermal parameters and porousness have affected the system, and the upsurge in the porousness actually decreases heat transport effects and proportions. The results of this study are relevant to the development of more effective porous electrodes for achieving high performance with long cycle life. These studies help improve the utilization of mass and heat transfer properties, as affected by the non‐Newtonian behavior of the electrolyte, to help in the design of next‐generation LIBs with higher energy density along with fast charge/discharge rates.
DC vs. AC distribution: Revealing the efficiency advantage of DC in today's energy landscape Asfand Haroon, Hasan Erteza Gelani, Hira Tahir, Habib Ullah Manzoor Plos One, 2025 The new millennium witnessed an unanticipated escalation in the installation of rooftop solar panels, particularly due to the development of highly efficient power electronic converters (PECs). The ‘battle of currents’ between AC and DC, which settled in the favor of AC in the nineteenth century, reignited as DC is striking back due to this technological augmentation. The shifting trend towards DC is more pronounced in the residential sector, which necessitates a comparative analysis of AC and DC at distribution scale on realistic grounds. Modern home data extracted from the energy information administration (EIA) has been utilized to devise a mathematical model based on bottom-up approach. The comparative analysis has been performed encompassing scenarios of varying PEC efficiencies as a result of daily load variation. Moreover, the scenarios of multiple PEC efficiencies and rooftop solar capacities are also considered. The comparative analysis revealed efficiency advantage of 1.966%, 1.41% and 1.17% in favor of DC as compared to AC for the scenarios considered. In the end future recommendations are presented to further enhance the efficiency of DC, thereby providing a concrete standing for power industry decision of adopting DC at distribution scale.
Optimized Control of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Using Whale Optimization Algorithm for Enhanced Battery Longevity and Stability in Microgrids Nouman Alam Siddiqui, Hira Tahir, Muhammad Akram, Habib Ullah Manzoor Engineering Reports, 2025 The target of achieving net‐zero emissions by 2050 requires integrating a significant share of renewable energy. However, this integration can cause instability in microgrid operations. Hybrid energy storage systems (HESS), consisting of battery energy storage systems (BESS) and supercapacitors, address these challenges but necessitate complex control strategies. Traditional frequency‐based methods (FBM) enhance HESS performance but do not guarantee continuous operation and may lead to BESS degradation. This article proposes an optimized FBM control approach using the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) to improve HESS operation. The method optimizes two key variables: current sharing coefficients and the smoothing constant, enabling continuous HESS functionality. The proposed FBM‐WOA reduces high‐frequency current stress on BESS, minimizes BESS usage, and ensures supercapacitor state‐of‐charge levels remain within safe limits. The proposed approach achieves the lowest BESS life loss and voltage fluctuations in both test load and microgrid load cases. It decreases BESS life loss by 11.59% and 0.25% compared to rule‐based (FB‐RB) and current sharing coefficient (FB‐COEFF) methods, respectively, for test load cases. Similarly, it reduces average BESS life loss by 1.45% and 2.35% compared to FB‐RB and FB‐COEFF methods for real load cases over five different days.
Hybrid Neuromorphic-Federated Learning for Activity Recognition Using Multi-modal Wearable Sensors Multimodal Intelligent Sensing in Modern Applications, 2025
Enhancing group-based emotional intelligence in children through an adaptive activity system driven by artificial intelligence H Irfan, A Hassan, T Waheed, HU Manzoor, I Aziz PeerJ Computer Science 12, e3364 , 2026 2026
Remaining Useful Life (RUL) Prediction Methods for Machine Health Estimation and Fault Diagnosis: A Comprehensive Review of Latest Techniques and Future Prospects AA Amin, A Mubarak, S Waseem, ZA Alqarni, HU Manzoor Engineering Reports 8 (4), e70699 , 2026 2026
Simulation and Modeling Techniques for Multi‐Objective Optimization of Hybrid Fast EV Charging Station S Sultan, F Azeem, HU Manzoor, GB Narejo, T Manzoor Battery Energy 5 (2), e70094 , 2026 2026
Trustworthy Distributed Load Forecasting in Resource‐Limited Smart Grids and Buildings via Random Layer Aggregation HU Manzoor, A Shabbir, RNB Rais, S Hussain, A Zoha International Journal of Intelligent Systems 2026 (1), 8810907 , 2026 2026
Empowering Solar Cells With Non‐Toxic Cu 2 O and Zn(O,S): A Sustainable Approach for CIGS Solar Cells MH Yousuf, T Manzoor, HU Manzoor Nano Select 7 (1), e70113 , 2026 2026
Design of intelligent vehicular and sensor communication network: a comprehensive survey A Ahmed Amin, A Mubarak, HU Manzoor Systems Science & Control Engineering 13 (1), 2529187 , 2025 2025 Citations: 17
Evaluation of Electric Vehicle Retrofitting Challenges Through a Design, Operation, and Charging Infrastructure Assessment Framework HA Zidan, HU Manzoor, F Azeem, T Manzoor Energy Science & Engineering 13 (12), 6346-6361 , 2025 2025
Enhancing InGaN Solar Cell Performance Under Concentrated Sunlight: A SCAPS‐1D Simulation Approach HU Manzoor, NS Shiong, MN Manzoor, T Manzoor Nano Select 6 (11), e70018 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Smart grid security through fusion-enhanced federated learning against adversarial attacks A Shabbir, HU Manzoor, A Zoha, Z Halim Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 157, 111169 , 2025 2025 Citations: 8
Reliable Short-Term Load Forecasting using Robust Federated Split Learning Framework HU Manzoor, A Chen, RNB Rais, S Hussain, A Zoha 2025 10th IEEE Workshop on the Electronic Grid (eGRID), 1-6 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Investigation of Thermal Management Capacity of Casson Electrolytes in Porous Electrodes in Lithium‐Ion Battery Applications T Manzoor, S Iqbal, T Anwer, S Manzoor, G Mustafa, HU Manzoor Battery Energy 4 (5), e20240082 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Novel Stealth Communication Round Attack and Robust Incentivized Federated Averaging for Load Forecasting HU Manzoor, K Arshad, K Assaleh, A Zoha IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
DC vs. AC distribution: Revealing the efficiency advantage of DC in today’s energy landscape A Haroon, HE Gelani, H Tahir, HU Manzoor PLoS One 20 (5), e0318444 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Optimized Control of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Using Whale Optimization Algorithm for Enhanced Battery Longevity and Stability in Microgrids NA Siddiqui, H Tahir, M Akram, HU Manzoor Engineering Reports 7 (5), e70199 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Exploring the Potential of Cross‐Border Energy Trade in SAARC Countries for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) H Zidan, MT Malik, U Rafique, F Azeem, T Manzoor, HU Manzoor Energy Science & Engineering 13 (4), 2063-2081 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Effect of Optimized Tilt Angle of PV Modules on Solar Irradiance for Residential and Commercial Buildings in Different Cities of Pakistan: Simulation‐Based Study HU Manzoor, SM Aaqib, T Manzoor, F Azeem, MW Ashraf, S Manzoor Energy Science & Engineering 13 (4), 1831-1845 , 2025 2025 Citations: 16
Optimization of indium concentration and compositional grading in InGaN heterojunction solar cells by SCAPS-1D simulation MK Omar, HU Manzoor, SS Ng, MM Mohd Rashid, MZ Pakhuruddin Physica Scripta 100 (2), 025509 , 2025 2025 Citations: 8
Integrated Fuzzy‐Knapsack Based Demand Response Energy Management System for Smart Grid Buildings Z Memon, F Azeem, T Manzoor, HU Manzoor Energy Science & Engineering 13 (2), 862-877 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Semantic-aware federated blockage prediction (sfbp) in vision-aided next-generation wireless network AR Khan, HU Manzoor, RNB Rais, S Hussain, L Mohjazi, MA Imran, ... IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management 22 (2), 1531-1543 , 2025 2025 Citations: 7
Securing intelligent networks: federated learning approaches for privacy-conscious anomaly detection HU Manzoor University of Glasgow , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
A survey of security strategies in federated learning: Defending models, data, and privacy HU Manzoor, A Shabbir, A Chen, D Flynn, A Zoha Future Internet 16 (10), 374 , 2024 2024 Citations: 70
Revolutionizing low‐cost solar cells with machine learning: a systematic review of optimization techniques S Bhatti, HU Manzoor, B Michel, RS Bonilla, R Abrams, A Zoha, ... Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research 4 (10), 2300004 , 2023 2023 Citations: 52
A privacy and energy-aware federated framework for human activity recognition AR Khan, HU Manzoor, F Ayaz, MA Imran, A Zoha Sensors 23 (23), 9339 , 2023 2023 Citations: 42
High conversion and quantum efficiency indium-rich p-InGaN/p-InGaN/n-InGaN solar cell HU Manzoor, MAM Zawawi, MZ Pakhuruddin, SS Ng, Z Hassan Physica B: Condensed Matter 622, 413339 , 2021 2021 Citations: 41
Parametric analysis of four wave mixing in DWDM systems J Ahmed, A Hussain, MY Siyal, H Manzoor, A Masood Optik 125 (7), 1853-1859 , 2014 2014 Citations: 38
FedClamp: An Algorithm for Identification of Anomalous Client in Federated Learning HU Manzoor, MS Khan, AR Khan, F Ayaz, D Flynn, MA Imran, A Zoha 2022 29th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems … , 2022 2022 Citations: 34
Improving FWM efficiency in bi-directional ultra DWDM-PON networking centered light source by using PMD emulator HU Manzoor, M Zafar, SU Manzoor, T Khan, S Liu, T Manzoor, S Saleem, ... Results in Physics 16, 102922 , 2020 2020 Citations: 33
Defending federated learning from backdoor attacks: Anomaly-aware fedavg with layer-based aggregation HU Manzoor, AR Khan, T Sher, W Ahmad, A Zoha 2023 IEEE 34th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile … , 2023 2023 Citations: 28
FedBranched: Leveraging Federated Learning for Anomaly-Aware Load Forecasting in Energy Networks HU Manzoor, AR Khan, D Flynn, MM Alam, M Akram, MA Imran, A Zoha Sensors 23 (7), 3570 , 2023 2023 Citations: 28
FWM mitigation in DWDM optical networks H Ullah Manzoor, T Manzoor, A Hussain, MH Aly Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1447 (1), 012033 , 2020 2020 Citations: 28
Energy management in an agile workspace using ai-driven forecasting and anomaly detection HU Manzoor, AR Khan, M Al-Quraan, L Mohjazi, A Taha, H Abbas, ... 2022 4th Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (GPECOM), 644-649 , 2022 2022 Citations: 24
Resilience of federated learning against false data injection attacks in energy forecasting A Shabbir, HU Manzoor, RA Ahmed, Z Halim 2024 International Conference on Green Energy, Computing and Sustainable … , 2024 2024 Citations: 23
Privacy enhanced speech emotion communication using deep learning aided edge computing HS Ali, F ul Hassan, S Latif, HU Manzoor, J Qadir 2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC … , 2021 2021 Citations: 21
FWM Reduction Using Different Modulation Techniques and Optical Filters in DWDM Optical Communication Systems: A Comparative Study HU Manzoor, T Manzoor, A Hussain, MH Aly, S Manzoor Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Electrical … , 2019 2019 Citations: 21
Adaptive single-layer aggregation framework for energy-efficient and privacy-preserving load forecasting in heterogeneous federated smart grids HU Manzoor, A Jafri, A Zoha Internet of Things 28, 101376 , 2024 2024 Citations: 19
Numerical simulation of homojunction pin In0. 4Ga0. 6N solar cell with different absorber layer configurations AK Tan, HU Manzoor, NA Hamzah, MA Ahmad, SS Ng, Z Hassan Optik 271, 170095 , 2022 2022 Citations: 19
Enhanced adversarial attack resilience in energy networks through energy and privacy aware federated learning HU Manzoor, K Arshad, K Assaleh, A Zoha Authorea Preprints , 2024 2024 Citations: 18
Reduction of four wave mixing by employing circular polarizers in DWDM optical networks HU Manzoor, AU Salfi, T Mehmood, T Manzoor 2015 12th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and … , 2015 2015 Citations: 18
Design of intelligent vehicular and sensor communication network: a comprehensive survey A Ahmed Amin, A Mubarak, HU Manzoor Systems Science & Control Engineering 13 (1), 2529187 , 2025 2025 Citations: 17
Effect of Optimized Tilt Angle of PV Modules on Solar Irradiance for Residential and Commercial Buildings in Different Cities of Pakistan: Simulation‐Based Study HU Manzoor, SM Aaqib, T Manzoor, F Azeem, MW Ashraf, S Manzoor Energy Science & Engineering 13 (4), 1831-1845 , 2025 2025 Citations: 16