LAKSHMANA KUMAR RAMASAMY

Scopus Publications

Trustworthy Adaptive AI for Real-Time Intrusion Detection in Industrial IoT Security
Mohammad Al Rawajbeh, Amala Jayanthi Maria Soosai, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Firoz Khan
Iot, 2025
Traditional security methods fail to match the speed of evolving threats because Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technologies have become more widely adopted. A lightweight adaptive AI-based intrusion detection system (IDS) for IIoT environments is presented in this paper. The proposed system detects cyber threats in real time through an ensemble of online learning models that also adapt to changing network behavior. The system implements SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) for model prediction explanations to allow human operators to verify and understand alert causes while addressing the essential need for trust and transparency. The system validation was performed using the ToN_IoT and Bot-IoT benchmark datasets. The proposed system detects threats with 96.4% accuracy while producing 2.1% false positives and requiring 35 ms on average for detection on edge devices with limited resources. Security analysts can understand model decisions through SHAP analysis because packet size and protocol type and device activity patterns strongly affect model predictions. The system underwent testing on a Raspberry Pi 5-based IIoT testbed to evaluate its deployability in real-world scenarios through emulation of practical edge environments with constrained computational resources. The research unites real-time adaptability with explainability and low-latency performance in an IDS framework specifically designed for industrial IoT security. The solution provides a scalable method to boost cyber resilience in manufacturing, together with energy and critical infrastructure sectors. By enabling fast, interpretable, and low-latency intrusion detection directly on edge devices, this solution enhances cyber resilience in critical sectors such as manufacturing, energy, and infrastructure, where timely and trustworthy threat responses are essential to maintaining operational continuity and safety.
Integrating Artificial Intelligence and Cybersecurity in Healthcare for the Advancements of Industry 5.0
Firoz Khan, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Emad Abd Al Rahman, Amala Jayanthi
Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering Lnicst, 2025
Hybrid convolutional neural network optimized with an artificial algae algorithm for glaucoma screening using fundus images
M. Shanmuga Eswari, S. Balamurali, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy
Journal of International Medical Research, 2024
Objective We developed an optimized decision support system for retinal fundus image-based glaucoma screening. Methods We combined computer vision algorithms with a convolutional network for fundus images and applied a faster region-based convolutional neural network (FRCNN) and artificial algae algorithm with support vector machine (AAASVM) classifiers. Optic boundary detection, optic cup, and optic disc segmentations were conducted using TernausNet. Glaucoma screening was performed using the optimized FRCNN. The Softmax layer was replaced with an SVM classifier layer and optimized with an AAA to attain enhanced accuracy. Results Using three retinal fundus image datasets (G1020, digital retinal images vessel extraction, and high-resolution fundus), we obtained accuracy of 95.11%, 92.87%, and 93.7%, respectively. Framework accuracy was amplified with an adaptive gradient algorithm optimizer FRCNN (AFRCNN), which achieved average accuracy 94.06%, sensitivity 93.353%, and specificity 94.706%. AAASVM obtained average accuracy of 96.52%, which was 3% ahead of the FRCNN classifier. These classifiers had areas under the curve of 0.9, 0.85, and 0.87, respectively. Conclusion Based on statistical Friedman evaluation, AAASVM was the best glaucoma screening model. Segmented and classified images can be directed to the health care system to assess patients’ progress. This computer-aided decision support system will be useful for optometrists.
Blockchain for Global Education
Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Firoz Khan
Blockchain for Global Education, 2024
Performance analysis of consensus protocols in distributed systems
D. Sumathi, T. Poongodi, Ramasamy Lakshmana Kumar, Balamurugan Balusamy
International Journal of Internet Technology and Secured Transactions, 2024
Forecast of Students' Mental Health Combining an Artificial Intelligence Technique and Fuzzy Inference System
Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Firoz Khan, Shanmugan Joghee, Juan Dempere, Punnet Garg
2024 International Conference on Automation and Computation Autocom 2024, 2024
Design and Development to Collect and Analyze Data Using Bioprinting Software for Biotechnology Industry
Jagjit Singh Dhatterwal, Kuldeep Singh Kaswan, Sanjay Kumar, Balamurugan Balusamy, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy
Computational Intelligence in Bioprinting, 2024
A Deep Dive into Mango Variety Classification Using Convolutional Neural Network and Random Forest Model
Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Firoz Khan, Shanmugan Joghee, Juan Dempere, Punnet Garg
2024 International Conference on Automation and Computation Autocom 2024, 2024
Deep learning model construction for a semi-supervised classification with feature learning
Sridhar Mandapati, Seifedine Kadry, R. Lakshmana Kumar, Krongkarn Sutham, Orawit Thinnukool
Complex and Intelligent Systems, 2023
Several deep models were proposed in image processing, data interpretation, speech recognition, and video analysis. Most of these architectures need a massive proportion of training samples and use arbitrary configuration. This paper constructs a deep learning architecture with feature learning. Graph convolution networks (GCNs), semi-supervised learning and graph data representation, have become increasingly popular as cost-effective and efficient methods. Most existing merging node descriptions for node distribution on the graph use stabilised neighbourhood knowledge, typically requiring a significant amount of variables and a high degree of computational complexity. To address these concerns, this research presents DLM-SSC, a unique method semi-supervised node classification tasks that can combine knowledge from multiple neighbourhoods at the same time by integrating high-order convolution and feature learning. This paper employs two function learning techniques for reducing the number of parameters and hidden layers: modified marginal fisher analysis (MMFA) and kernel principal component analysis (KPCA). The MMFA and KPCA weight matrices are modified layer by layer when implementing the DLM, a supervised pretraining technique that doesn't require a lot of information. Free measuring on citation datasets (Citeseer, Pubmed, and Cora) and other data sets demonstrate that the suggested approaches outperform similar algorithms.
Retraction Note: Hybrid method for mining rules based on enhanced Apriori algorithm with sequential minimal optimization in healthcare industry (Neural Computing and Applications, (2022), 34, (10597–10610), 10.1007/s00521-020-04862-2)
M. Sornalakshmi, S. Balamurali, M. Venkatesulu, M. Navaneetha Krishnan, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, et al.
Neural Computing and Applications, 2023
Recommender System for Predicting Students' Academic performance in association with Cognitive state and Affective state using Sentiment Analysis and Association Rule Mining on the closed ended questionnaire
Amala Jayanthi M, Elizabeth Shanthi I, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy
2023 9th International Conference on Information Technology Trends Itt 2023, 2023
Context-Aware and Click Session-Based Graph Pattern Mining With Recommendations for Smart EMS Through AI
Firoz Khan, Mohammad Al Rawajbeh, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Sangsoon Lim
IEEE Access, 2023
The impact of ChatGPT on higher education
Juan Dempere, Kennedy Modugu, Allam Hesham, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy
Frontiers in Education, 2023
The Influence of AI-Identified Consumer Sentiment Metrics on Crypto-Asset Prices
Juan M. Dempere, Zakea Il-Agure, Hesham Allam, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Shaikha Shaikha Alqasemi
2023 9th International Conference on Information Technology Trends Itt 2023, 2023
Ensemble-based cryptography for soldiers’ health monitoring using mobile ad hoc networks
B. V. V. Siva Prasad, Sridhar Mandapati, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Rajasekhar Boddu, Pranayanath Reddy, et al.
Automatika, 2023
IoT-Based Humanoid Software for Identification and Diagnosis of Covid-19 Suspects
Swapnili Karmore, Rushikesh Bodhe, Fadi Al-Turjman, R. Lakshmana Kumar, Sofia K. Pillai
IEEE Sensors Journal, 2022
Cognitive Intelligence and Big Data in Healthcare
Cognitive Intelligence and Big Data in Healthcare, 2022
Preface
Cognitive Intelligence and Big Data in Healthcare, 2022
A Survey on blockchain for industrial Internet of Things: Blockchain for Internet of Things
R.Lakshmana Kumar, Firoz Khan, Seifedine Kadry, Seungmin Rho
Alexandria Engineering Journal, 2022
An Efficient and Privacy-Preserving Scheme for Disease Prediction in Modern Healthcare Systems
Shynu Padinjappurathu Gopalan, Chiranji Lal Chowdhary, Celestine Iwendi, Muhammad Awais Farid, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy
Sensors, 2022
Federated Split Learning Model for Industry 5.0: A Data Poisoning Defense for Edge Computing
Firoz Khan, R. Lakshmana Kumar, Mustufa Haider Abidi, Seifedine Kadry, Hisham Alkhalefah, et al.
Electronics Switzerland, 2022
Time-series forecasting and analysis of COVID-19 outbreak in highly populated countries: A data-driven approach
Arunkumar P. M., Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Amala Jayanthi M.
International Journal of E Health and Medical Communications, 2022
Hybrid method for mining rules based on enhanced Apriori algorithm with sequential minimal optimization in healthcare industry
M. Sornalakshmi, S. Balamurali, M. Venkatesulu, M. Navaneetha Krishnan, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, et al.
Neural Computing and Applications, 2022
An Efficient, Ensemble-Based Classification Framework for Big Medical Data
Firoz Khan, Balusupati Veera Venkata Siva Prasad, Salman Ali Syed, Imran Ashraf, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy
Big Data, 2022
Secure Smart Wearable Computing through Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems for Health Monitoring
Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Firoz Khan, Mohammad Shah, Balusupati Veera Venkata Siva Prasad, Celestine Iwendi, et al.
Sensors, 2022
Novel Stacking Classification and Prediction Algorithm Based Ambient Assisted Living for Elderly
Jinesh Padikkapparambil, Cornelius Ncube, Firoz Khan, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Yomiyu Reta Gashu
Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2022
CAVMS: Application-Aware Cloudlet Adaption and VM Selection Framework for Multicloudlet Environment
Somula Ramasubbareddy, Sasikala Ramasamy, Kshira Sagar Sahoo, R. Lakshmana Kumar, Quoc-Viet Pham, et al.
IEEE Systems Journal, 2021
Recurrent Neural Network and Reinforcement Learning Model for COVID-19 Prediction
R. Lakshmana Kumar, Firoz Khan, Sadia Din, Shahab S. Band, Amir Mosavi, et al.
Frontiers in Public Health, 2021
Preface
Internet of Things Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain Technology, 2021
Internet of things, artificial intelligence and blockchain technology
Internet of Things Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain Technology, 2021
Decision support mechanism to improve a secured system for clinical process using blockchain technique
N. Pooranam, G. Ignisha Rajathi, R. Lakshmana Kumar, T. Vignesh
Internet of Things Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain Technology, 2021
Analysis on homomorphic technique for data security in fog computing
Arun Murugesan, Balamurali Saminathan, Fadi Al‐Turjman, R. Lakshmana Kumar
Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies, 2021
The future of software engineering: Visions of 2025 and beyond
Firoz Khan, R. Lakshmana Kumar, Seifedine Kadry, Yunyoung Nam
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2021
Cyber physical systems: A smart city perspective
Firoz Khan, R. Lakshmana Kumar, Seifedine Kadry, Yunyoung Nam, Maytham N. Meqdad
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2021
Blockchain for securing aerial communications: Potentials, solutions, and research directions
R. Lakshmana Kumar, Quoc-Viet Pham, Firoz Khan, Md. Jalil Piran, Kapal Dev
Physical Communication, 2021
Autonomous vehicles: A study of implementation and security
Firoz Khan, R. Lakshmana Kumar, Seifedine Kadry, Yunyoung Nam, Maytham N. Meqdad
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2021
Performance analysis of sentiments in Twitter dataset using SVM models
Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Seifedine Kadry, Yunyoung Nam, Maytham N. Meqdad
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2021
Bsf-ehr: Blockchain security framework for electronic health records of patients
Ibrahim Abunadi, Ramasamy Kumar
Sensors, 2021
Selection of optimal hyper-parameter values of support vector machine for sentiment analysis tasks using nature-inspired optimization methods
Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Seifedine Kadry, Sangsoon Lim
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 2021
An efficient apriori algorithm for frequent pattern mining using mapreduce in healthcare data
M. Sornalakshmi, S. Balamurali, M. Venkatesulu, M. Navaneetha Krishnan, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, et al.
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 2021
Blockchain and Business Process Management in Health Care, Especially for COVID-19 Cases
Ibrahim Abunadi, R. Lakshmana Kumar
Security and Communication Networks, 2021
Web Services Security Using Semantic Technology
Firoz Khan, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy
Studies in Systems Decision and Control, 2021
Smart equipment to protect patients and people from COVID disease
R. Lakshmana Kumar, N. Pooranam, T. Vignesh
Biomedical Engineering Tools for Management for Patients with Covid 19, 2021
Preface
International Journal of Internet Technology and Secured Transactions, 2021
A lightweight authentication and secure data access between fog and IoT user
Arun Murugesan, Balamurali Saminathan, Fadi Al Turjman, R. Lakshmana Kumar
International Journal of Electronic Business, 2021
Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy Using a Fusion of Textural and Ridgelet Features of Retinal Images and Sequential Minimal Optimization Classifier
Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Shynu Gopalan Padinjappurathu, Seifedine Kadry, Robertas Damaševičius
Peerj Computer Science, 2021
Blockchain-Based Secure Healthcare Application for Diabetic-Cardio Disease Prediction in Fog Computing
P. G. Shynu, Varun G. Menon, R. Lakshmana Kumar, Seifedine Kadry, Yunyoung Nam
IEEE Access, 2021
Trust-aware routing framework for internet of things
S. Sankar, Ramasubbareddy Somula, R. Lakshmana Kumar, P. Srinivasan, M. Amala Jayanthi
International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science, 2021
Evaluation of functional maturity for a network information service - Design and case analysis
International Journal of Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing, 2021
Blockchain-Based Wireless Sensor Networks for Malicious Node Detection: A Survey
Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Firoz Khan K. P., Agbotiname Lucky Imoize, Joshua O. Ogbebor, Seifedine Kadry, et al.
IEEE Access, 2021
Mutual authentication and authorized data access between fog and user based on blockchain technology
M. Arun, S. Balamurali, Bharat S. Rawal, Qiang Duan, R.Lakshmana Kumar, et al.
IEEE INFOCOM 2020 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops INFOCOM Wkshps 2020, 2020
Diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy using multi level set segmentation algorithm with feature extraction using SVM with selective features
J. Pradeep Kandhasamy, S. Balamurali, Seifedine Kadry, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy
Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2020
Optimization of makespan and resource utilization in the fog computing environment through task scheduling algorithm
R. Vijayalakshmi, V. Vasudevan, Seifedine Kadry, R. Lakshmana Kumar
International Journal of Wavelets Multiresolution and Information Processing, 2020
Detecting malicious URLs using binary classification through ada boost algorithm
Firoz Khan, Jinesh Ahamed, Seifedine Kadry, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2020
Handling failures in semantic web service composition through replacement policy in healthcare domain
Journal of Internet Technology, 2020
Semantics based clustering through cover-kmeans with ontovsm for information retrieval
R.Lakshmana Kumar, N. Kannammal, Sujatha Krishnamoorthy, Seifedine Kadry
Information Technology and Control, 2020
A survey on different techniques for biometric template protection
Journal of Internet Technology, 2020
A Digital DNA Sequencing Engine for Ransomware Detection Using Machine Learning
Firoz Khan, Cornelius Ncube, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Seifedine Kadry, Yunyoung Nam
IEEE Access, 2020
A new framework to alleviate DDoS vulnerabilities in cloud computing
A. Saravanan, S. SathyaBama, Seifedine Kadry, Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2019
Impact of learning style and personality traits on students‟ in academics
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 2019
Influence of students‟ personality traits on learning style
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 2019
Investigation on association of self-esteem and students' performance in academics
M. Amala Jayanthi, R. Lakshmana Kumar, S. Swathi
International Journal of Grid and Utility Computing, 2018
Research contemplate on educational data mining
M Amala Jayanthi, R Lakshmana Kumar, Abhijith Surendran, K Prathap
2016 IEEE International Conference on Advances in Computer Applications Icaca 2016, 2017
Improvising the web search results using enhanced lingo algorithm in big data analysis for health care
Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, 2017
Evaluation of quality of service through genetic approach in telecommunication based semantic web services composition
International Journal of Control Theory and Applications, 2016
Semantic enhanced UDDI using OWL-S profile ontology for the automatic discovery of web services in the domain of telecommunication
Kumar
Journal of Computer Science, 2014

MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

The impact of ChatGPT on higher education
J Dempere, K Modugu, A Hesham, LK Ramasamy
Frontiers in education 8, 1206936 , 2023
2023
Citations: 801
Secure smart wearable computing through artificial intelligence-enabled internet of things and cyber-physical systems for health monitoring
LK Ramasamy, F Khan, M Shah, BVVS Prasad, C Iwendi, C Biamba
Sensors 22 (3), 1076 , 2022
2022
Citations: 185
Blockchain-based secure healthcare application for diabetic-cardio disease prediction in fog computing
PG Shynu, VG Menon, RL Kumar, S Kadry, Y Nam
IEEE Access 9, 45706-45720 , 2021
2021
Citations: 169
A survey on blockchain for industrial internet of things
RL Kumar, F Khan, S Kadry, S Rho
Alexandria Engineering Journal 61 (8), 6001-6022 , 2022
2022
Citations: 159
A digital DNA sequencing engine for ransomware detection using machine learning
F Khan, C Ncube, LK Ramasamy, S Kadry, Y Nam
IEEE Access 8, 119710-119719 , 2020
2020
Citations: 158
Ensemble-based cryptography for soldiers’ health monitoring using mobile ad hoc networks
BVV Siva Prasad, S Mandapati, L Kumar Ramasamy, R Boddu, P Reddy, ...
Automatika: časopis za automatiku, mjerenje, elektroniku, računarstvo i … , 2023
2023
Citations: 111
BSF-EHR: Blockchain Security Framework for Electronic Health Records of Patients
I Abunadi, RL Kumar
Sensors 8 (21), 2865 , 2021
2021
Citations: 106
Blockchain-based wireless sensor networks for malicious node detection: A survey
LK Ramasamy, FK KP, AL Imoize, JO Ogbebor, S Kadry, S Rho
IEEE Access 9, 128765-128785 , 2021
2021
Citations: 95
Recurrent neural network and reinforcement learning model for COVID-19 prediction
RL Kumar, F Khan, S Din, SS Band, A Mosavi, E Ibeke
Frontiers in public health 9, 744100 , 2021
2021
Citations: 94
Hybrid method for mining rules based on Enhanced Apriori Algorithm with Sequential Minimal Optimization in Healthcare industry
SK Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Ching-Hsien Hsu
Neural Computing and Applications , 2020
2020
Citations: 86
Detection of diabetic retinopathy using a fusion of textural and ridgelet features of retinal images and sequential minimal optimization classifier
RD Lakshmana Kumar Ramasamy, Shynu Gopalan Padinjappurathu, Seifedine Kadry
PeerJ Computer Science , 2021
2021
Citations: 84
IoT-based humanoid software for identification and diagnosis of COVID-19 suspects
S Karmore, R Bodhe, F Al-Turjman, RL Kumar, SK Pillai
IEEE sensors journal 22 (18), 17490-17496 , 2020
2020
Citations: 80
Performance analysis of sentiments in Twitter dataset using SVM models
LK Ramasamy, S Kadry, Y Nam, MN Meqdad
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11 (3 … , 2021
2021
Citations: 73
Detecting malicious URLs using binary classification through ada boost algorithm.
F Khan, J Ahamed, S Kadry, LK Ramasamy
International Journal of Electrical & Computer Engineering (2088-8708) 10 (1) , 2020
2020
Citations: 71
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Cellular Communications
AL Imoize, SMN Islam, T Poongodi, LK Ramasamy, BVVS Prasad
Springer Nature , 2022
2022
Citations: 65
An efficient apriori algorithm for frequent pattern mining using mapreduce in healthcare data
M Sornalakshmi, S Balamurali, M Venkatesulu, MN Krishnan, ...
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 10 (1), 390-403 , 2021
2021
Citations: 65
Diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy using multi level set segmentation algorithm with feature extraction using svm with selective features
JP Kandhasamy, S Balamurali, S Kadry, LK Ramasamy
Multimedia Tools and Applications 79 (15), 10581-10596 , 2020
2020
Citations: 61
Autonomous vehicles: A study of implementation and security.
F Khan, RL Kumar, S Kadry, MN Meqdad
International Journal of Electrical & Computer Engineering (2088-8708) 11 (4 … , 2021
2021
Citations: 59
Cyber physical systems: A smart city perspective
F Khan, RL Kumar, S Kadry, Y Nam, MN Meqdad
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 11 (4), 3609 , 2021
2021
Citations: 52
An efficient and privacy-preserving scheme for disease prediction in modern healthcare systems
S Padinjappurathu Gopalan, CL Chowdhary, C Iwendi, MA Farid, ...
Sensors 22 (15), 5574 , 2022
2022
Citations: 51

LAKSHMANA KUMAR RAMASAMY

RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS

Scopus Publications

RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS