Phylogeny and historical biogeography of the Pachira sensu lato clade (Bombacoideae, Malvaceae) with a new infrageneric classification Vania Nobuko Yoshikawa, Júlia Sousa Siqueira, William S. Alverson, Rafaela Passos Camargo, Alexandre Wagner Silva Hilsdorf, et al. Taxon, 2026 We explore phylogenetic relationships within the Pachira sensu lato clade (Bombacoideae, Malvaceae), test the monophyly of the genera Eriotheca and Pachira , and investigate their biogeographic history. The Pachira s.l. clade comprises ca. 72 species that traditionally have been placed in Eriotheca and Pachira. We sampled ca. 79% of its species diversity and used nuclear and chloroplast molecular markers to infer phylogenetic hypotheses under maximum likelihood and Bayesian frameworks, as well as ancestral characters states and biogeographic areas. Our analyses indicate that neither Eriotheca nor Pachira s.str. are monophyletic but they support the monophyly of seven subgenera. The “Amazonian Pachira clade” is here formally named as Pachira subg. Pachira (with bicolored staminal filaments); the “Extra‐Amazonian Pachira clade” as Pachira subg. Viridipetalae subg. nov. (green petals); and Pachira calophylla constitutes Pachira subg. Longissimae subg. nov. (longest leaflet petiolules in Pachira ). We combined all subgenera and species of Eriotheca under a broadly conceived Pachira with 72 species. Our ancestral‐area reconstruction suggests that expansion of the Dry Diagonal may have been an evolutionary driver of clades within Pachira . The diversification of Pachira may reflect broad patterns observed in other Neotropical plant families.
Sida antonioi: a new species of Sida sect. Malacroideae (Malvoideae, Malvaceae) RAFAELA P. CAMARGO, VANIA N. YOSHIKAWA, MARÍLIA C. DUARTE Phytotaxa, 2025 We describe Sida antonioi, a new species of Sida sect. Malacroideae, based on herbarium specimens and in situ observations. Previously misidentified as other species within the section, S. antonioi is distinguished by its dimorphic stipules on the stem, apical inflorescence, calyx with long yellow simple trichomes on the lobe apex, and non-muricate mericarps. The species is endemic to the Atlantic Forest biome in southeastern Brazil. We provide a detailed taxonomic description, a geographic distribution map, and a preliminary conservation assessment. Additionally, we compare its diagnostic characters with those of three morphologically similar and geographically proximate species within Sida sect. Malacroideae.
Reinstatement of Sabdariffa and new combinations to support a monophyletic concept of Hibiscus (Malvaceae: Hibisceae) Russell L. Barrett, Vania Nobuko Yoshikawa, Todd G. B. McLay, Marília Cristina Duarte, Geoffrey Mwachala, et al. Australian Systematic Botany, 2025 Recent phylogenetic studies have demonstrated that Hibiscus L. as traditionally defined is grossly polyphyletic. In a major step towards making Hibiscus monophyletic, the genus Sabdariffa (DC.) Kostel. is here reinstated for Hibiscus section Furcaria DC. In total, 123 new combinations are provided (for 117 species and 6 subspecies). Numerous lectotypes are designated. Sabdariffa has a pantropical distribution, with high species diversity in tropical Africa, tropical America and northern Australia. False roselle (Sabdariffa acetosella (Welw. ex Hiern) M.M.Hanes & R.L.Barrett), kenaf (Sabdariffa cannabina (L.) M.M.Hanes & R.L.Barrett) and roselle (Sabdariffa gossypiifolia (Mill.) M.M.Hanes & R.L.Barrett) are all of global economic significance. Ma‘o hau hele (Sabdariffa brackenridgei (A.Gray) M.M.Hanes & R.L.Barrett) is the official state flower of Hawai’i. Full synonymy and type details are included, along with distributions and references to existing descriptions for all species. A series of regional keys to species is presented here with current names in Sabdariffa.
Taxonomy in the light of incongruence: An updated classification of Malvales and Malvaceae based on phylogenomic data Matheus Colli‐Silva, Oscar Alejandro Pérez‐Escobar, Carlos D.M. Ferreira, Maria T.R. Costa, Samuele Gerace, et al. Taxon, 2025 Malvales is a diverse order of flowering plants, economically and ecologically relevant, and it is known for its broad morphological variability. Recent phylogenomic studies have revealed a complex evolutionary history for the order, including localised phylogenetic discordances among nuclear loci. However, since the late 1990s, Malvales classification has largely been neglected. This study aims to address this gap by revisiting the classification of Malvales, with a focus on its largest family, Malvaceae. By integrating phylogenomic and morphological datasets, our primary goals are to provide an updated phylogeny for the order and to map key traits supporting a revised suprageneric classification, while accounting for gene and species tree conflicts. Our molecular dataset included 194 genera and 309 nuclear genes, obtained through target sequence capture using Angiosperms353 probes. This dataset covers approximately half of the known genera in the order, representing all families and subfamilies, as well as nearly all tribes, and all subtribes. A coalescent approach utilising nuclear gene trees was used to infer phylogenetic relationships. A morphological matrix with 50 characters relevant for suprageneric classification was compiled, and character‐state distributions for selected traits were mapped against the phylogenetic tree to identify and discuss diagnostic features for clades. Phylogenetic relationships and the monophyly of most groups aligned closely with previous studies. Morphological traits that define key clades varied significantly across Malvales, with differences observed in growth habit, leaf structure, pollen type, floral features, and fruit/seed morphology. In Malvaceae, we resolved uncertainties in the early Malvoideae lineages, and we describe a new tribe, Pentaplareae tr. nov., which clarifies the taxonomic placement of a previously uncertain genus. Additionally, we propose the recognition of a new subfamily, Matisioideae subfam. nov., elevated from its former status as a tribe, and positioned as the sister group to Malvoideae. This study highlights how taxonomic frameworks can be refined even in the face of conflicting phylogenomic data, demonstrating the importance of integrating molecular and morphological evidence in revising classifications.
Morphoanatomical characterization of the leaves of Pseudobombax majus (A. Robyns) Carv.-Sobr. (Bombacoideae, Malvaceae) Glicia Jade Vale de Assis, Marilia Cristina Duarte, Adriana Hissae Hayashi Hoehnea, 2025 RESUMO Dada a ausência de estudos descritivos para a anatomia e histoquímica foliar de Pseudobombax (Bombacoideae, Malvaceae), este trabalho descreve a morfoanatomia foliar de P. majus e apresenta os primeiros dados anatômicos e histoquímicos para este gênero. Amostramos três indivíduos cultivados no município de Mogi das Cruzes, SP, processamos as amostras de acordo com técnicas usuais para microscopia de luz e análises histoquímicas. A espécie apresenta folíolos com epiderme unisseriada em ambas as superfícies, recobertos por cutícula espessa, com idioblastos com drusas no mesofilo dorsiventral. O sistema vascular do limbo possui feixes vasculares colaterais de diferentes calibres; na nervura central, um feixe colateral bem desenvolvido direcionado para a superfície abaxial e feixes menores voltados para a adaxial. Os testes histoquímicos evidenciaram idioblastos, cavidades mucilaginosas e substâncias fenólicas no parênquima do limbo e da nervura central. Esses dados complementam a caracterização morfoanatômica de Pseudobombax, e esperamos que contribuam em estudos futuros.
A new polyembryonic species of Eriotheca (Malvaceae, Bombacoideae) from the Brazilian Cerrado VANIA N. YOSHIKAWA, RAFAELA C. MARINHO, CLESNAN MENDES-RODRIGUES, PAULO E. A. M. OLIVEIRA, MARÍLIA C. DUARTE Phytotaxa, 2024 We describe a new species endemic to the Cerrado province from the state of Minas Gerais: Eriotheca luzensis (Malvaceae, Bombacoideae). This new species can be identified by its yellow pubescent indumentum associated with ferruginous scales, mainly grouped in the calyx apex. We provide a diagnosis, complete description, taxonomic comments, a key to differentiate E. luzensis from its congeners from the state of Minas Gerais, a plate with diagnostic features, a distribution map, and a preliminary conservation status. We also included notes on the reproductive system with information on the occurrence of polyembryony in the new species.
Atlantic flower–invertebrate interactions: A data set of occurrence and frequency of floral visits Danilo Boscolo, Bárbara Nobrega Rodrigues, Patrícia Alves Ferreira, Luciano Elsinor Lopes, Vinicius Rodrigues Tonetti, et al. Ecology, 2023 Encounters between flowers and invertebrates are key events for the functioning of tropical forests. Assessing the structure of networks composed by the interactions between those partners enables a better understanding of ecosystem functioning and the effects of environmental factors over ecological processes. Gathering such data is, however, costly and time-consuming, especially in the highly diverse tropics. We aimed to provide a comprehensive repository of the available flower-invertebrate interactions information for the Atlantic Forest, a South American tropical forest domain. Data were obtained from published works and "grey literature", such as theses and dissertations, as well as self-reports by co-authors. The data set has ~18 thousand interaction records forming 482 networks, each containing from 1 to 1,061 interaction links. Each network was sampled for about 200 hours or less, with few exceptions. A total of 641 plant genera within 136 different families and 39 orders were reported, with the most abundant and rich families being Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Rubiaceae. Invertebrates interacting with these plants were all arthropods from 10 orders, 129 families and 581 genera, comprising 2,419 morphotypes (including 988 named species). Hymenoptera was the most abundant and diverse order with at least six times more records than the second-ranked order (Lepidoptera). The complete data set shows Hymenoptera interacting with all plant orders, also depicting Diptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Hemiptera as important nodes. Among plants, Asterales and Fabales had the highest number of interactions. The best sampled environment was forest (~8,000 records), followed by pastures and crops. Savanna, grasslands and urban environments (among others) were also reported, indicating a wide range of approaches dedicated to collect flower-invertebrate data in the Atlantic Forest domain. Nevertheless, most reported data were from forest understory or lower strata, indicating a knowledge gap about flower-invertebrate interactions at the canopy. Also, access to remote regions is still a limitation, generating sampling bias across the geographical range of the Atlantic Forest. Future studies in these continuous and hard to access forested areas shall bring important new information regarding the interactions between flowers and invertebrates at the Atlantic Forest. There are no copyright restrictions on the data set. Please cite this data paper if the data are used in publications and teaching events.
Two new species of Pachira (Bombacoideae, Malvaceae) and typification of Pachira patinoi Vania Nobuko Yoshikawa, William Surprison Alverson, Marília Cristina Duarte Rodriguesia, 2023 We aimed to describe two new species endemic to Brazil - one from sandy habitats in northeastern Brazil (Pachira inaequalivalvis), mainly characterized by fruits with unequal valves, and the other from Amazonian rainforest (P. deflexifolia, having the downward-oriented leaflets) - and provide complete morphological descriptions, illustrations, comments, conservation status, and distribution maps. We also designate a lectotype and an epitype for Pachira patinoi.
Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network Janaína Gomes‐da‐Silva, Fabiana L.R. Filardi, Maria Regina V. Barbosa, José Fernando A. Baumgratz, Carlos E.M. Bicudo, et al. Taxon, 2022 The shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of aworking list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world ’ s known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis , concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highlycollaborativeproject that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overviewof the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world ’ s most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “ scientific reductionism ” , with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora. Supporting Information may be found online in the Supporting Information section at the end of the article.
Phylogeny and historical biogeography of the Pachira sensu lato clade (Bombacoideae, Malvaceae) with a new infrageneric classification VN Yoshikawa, JS Siqueira, WS Alverson, RP Camargo, AWS Hilsdorf, ... Taxon 75 (1), e70060 , 2026 2026
Caracterização morfoanatômica das folhas de Pseudobombax majus (A. Robyns) Carv.-Sobr. (Bombacoideae, Malvaceae) GJV Assis, MC Duarte, AH Hayashi Hoehnea 52, e322024 , 2025 2025
Sida antonioi: a new species of Sida sect. Malacroideae (Malvoideae, Malvaceae) RP Camargo, VN Yoshikawa, MC Duarte Phytotaxa 704 (1), 60-68 , 2025 2025
Reinstatement of Sabdariffa and new combinations to support a monophyletic concept of Hibiscus (Malvaceae: Hibisceae) RL Barrett, VN Yoshikawa, TGB McLay, MC Duarte, G Mwachala, ... Australian Systematic Botany 38 (3), SB24013 , 2025 2025 Citations: 11
Taxonomy in the light of incongruence: An updated classification of Malvales and Malvaceae based on phylogenomic data M Colli‐Silva, OA Pérez‐Escobar, CDM Ferreira, MTR Costa, S Gerace, ... Taxon 74 (2), 361-385 , 2025 2025 Citations: 36
Morphoanatomical characterization of the leaves of Pseudobombax majus (A. Robyns) Carv.-Sobr.(Bombacoideae, Malvaceae) GJV Assis, MC Duarte, AH Hayashi Hoehnea 52, e322024 , 2025 2025
Brazilian essential oil of Cymbopogon martinii: positive effects on inflammation-induced human fibroblasts and skin aging. CR Oliveira, LM Bella, R de Paula Vieira, MC Duarte Revista Fitos 18, e1130-e1130 , 2024 2024
A new polyembryonic species of Eriotheca (Malvaceae, Bombacoideae) from the Brazilian Cerrado VN Yoshikawa, RC Marinho, C Mendes-Rodrigues, PEAM Oliveira, ... Phytotaxa 652 (2), 115-123 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
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Impactos De Zoonoses Na Qualidade De Vida No Estado De São Paulo VLS de Assis, MC Duarte, FB Canova, C Nagatani, TR de Campos Melo, ... Revista Científica UMC 8 (3), e080300090-e080300090 , 2023 2023
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Plantas para o Bem-Estar: Extensão Universitária com foco na divulgação científica da Biotecnologia GR dos Santos, GJV de Assis, RP Camargo, VN Yoshikawa, MC Duarte Revista Científica UMC 8 (3), e08030000014-e08030000014 , 2023 2023
(2991) Proposal to conserve the name Bombax candolleanum ( Eriotheca candolleana ) against B. sexdigitatum ( Malvaceae ) VN Yoshikawa, MC Duarte Taxon 72 (5), 1127-1128 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Atlantic flower–invertebrate interactions: A data set of occurrence and frequency of floral visits D Boscolo, B Nobrega Rodrigues, PA Ferreira, LE Lopes, VR Tonetti, ... Ecology 104 (3), e3900 , 2023 2023 Citations: 15
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Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: Malvoideae (Malvaceae) RP Camargo, F de Oliveira Bezerra, VN Yoshikawa, GL Esteves, ... Boletim De Botânica 39, 31-52 , 2022 2022 Citations: 2
GUIA DE LICÓFITAS E MONILÓFITAS NO PARQUE NATURAL MUNICIPAL FRANCISCO AFFONSO DE MELLO–CHIQUINHO VERÍSSIMO, MOGI DAS CRUZES-SP AHS Di Lório, VN Yoshikawa, MC Duarte Revista Científica UMC 7 (2) , 2022 2022
Typification of names in Pachira aquatica Aubl. (Malvaceae, Bombacoideae) with a new combination and new status from the Brazilian Amazon forest VN Yoshikawa, MC Duarte, CDM Ferreira Acta Botanica Brasilica 36, e2021abb0117 , 2022 2022 Citations: 3
Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network Brazil Flora Group, J Gomes‐da‐Silva, FLR Filardi, MRV Barbosa, ... Taxon 71 (1), 178-198 , 2022 2022 Citations: 168
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