Investigation of cytotoxic indoleninyl-thiobarbiturate zwitterions as DNA targeting agents Adebayo Zainab Funmi, Ching Yi Lim, Min Phin Ng, Wen Xin Toh, Yee Seng Tan, Kae Shin Sim, Siew Huah Lim, Chun Hoe Tan, Abdul Qaiyum Ramle Journal of Molecular Structure, 2025 A series of indoleninyl-thiobarbiturate zwitterions were synthesized in up to 83 % yields from the Knoevenagel condensation between N -substituted diformyl indolenine and thiobarbiturate . The structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods such as NMR ( 1 H, 13 C), FT-IR, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) and elemental analysis. However, their physicochemical properties and biological activities remain elusive. Herein, results from in silico ADMET calculations and cytotoxicity predictions suggest that all zwitterions are likely to exhibit a higher bioavailability and more specific cytotoxicity than doxorubicin. The notably high predicted cytotoxicity of 2d and drug-likeness score of 2f may be linked to the position of the fused benzene ring and methoxy groups, respectively. The initial biological assessment of these compounds began with in vitro DNA-binding studies because the treatment of numerous diseases such as cancer and bacterial infections is linked to DNA interactions. Zwitterion 2f demonstrated the most significant spectral change in DNA binding studies, suggesting a possible role of the methoxy group in inducing DNA binding activity. The hypothesis that 2f interacts with DNA through groove binding was confirmed by observations made during salt-back titration and DNA denaturation experiments. It was anticipated that the non-zwitterionic 2f would interact more stably with DNA (PDB code: 453D) at the minor groove than its zwitterionic form based on molecular docking calculations and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. Additionally, the MTT assay demonstrates that 2f is moderately cytotoxic to the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MD-231, most probably as a result of the previously stated DNA binding mechanisms. Overall, the computational and in vitro data suggest the potential application of 2f as a cytotoxic DNA-targeting agent.
Quinoline, Indole, and Isogranatanine Alkaloids from Malayan Leuconotis eugeniifolia Yi-Sheng Tan, Min-Phin Ng, Chun-Hoe Tan, Wai-Kit Tang, Kae-Shin Sim, et al. Journal of Natural Products, 2024 Nine new alkaloids, eugeniinalines A–H (1–8) and (+)-eburnamenine N-oxide (9), comprising one quinoline, six indole, and two isogranatanine alkaloids, were isolated from the stem-bark extract of the Malayan Leuconotis eugeniifolia. The structures and absolute configurations of these alkaloids were established based on the analysis of the spectroscopic data, GIAO NMR calculations, DP4+ probability analysis, TDDFT-ECD method, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Eugeniinaline A (1) represents a new pentacyclic quinoline alkaloid with a 6/6/5/6/7 ring system. Eugeniinaline G (7) and its seco-derivative, eugeniinaline H (8), were the first isogranatanine alkaloids isolated as natural products. The known alkaloids leucolusine (10) and melokhanine A (11) were found to be the same compound, based on comparison of the spectroscopic data of both compounds, with the absolute configuration of (7R, 20R, 21S). Eugeniinalines A and G (1 and 7) showed cytotoxic activity against the HT-29 cancer cell line with IC50 values of 7.1 and 7.2 μM, respectively.
Computational and In vitro Elucidation of Indolenine-barbituric Acid Zwitterions as Potential Chemotherapeutical Agents Kang Kit Ong, Abdul Qaiyum Ramle, Min Phin Ng, Siew Huah Lim, Kae Shin Sim, Chun Hoe Tan Letters in Drug Design and Discovery, 2024 Introduction: The continuous pursuit of novel chemotherapeutical agents with improved efficacy and reduced adverse effects remains a critical area of research despite advancements in chemotherapy. We have previously synthesized indolenine and barbituric acid zwitterion scaffolds 1–10 sustainably; however, their precise chemotherapeutical properties are still lacking. Methods: In this present work, we conducted in silico ADMET analyses, molecular docking calculations, DNA binding studies, and cytotoxicity assays on these zwitterions. Results and Discussion: Among the 10 zwitterions, zwitterion 3 bearing a methoxy group demonstrated the highest drug-likeness score, low toxicity, as well as no violation of Lipinski’s rule of five and Veber’s rule. Both molecular docking calculations and DNA binding studies suggested that the minor groove of DNA is the most probable molecular target of 3 among the others (i.e., topoisomerase and tubulin). In addition, zwitterion 3 exhibited selective cytotoxicity against a wide array of human cancer cell lines without noticeable effect against the normal human colon fibroblast CCD- 18Co. Conclusion: Overall, these preliminary findings from our combined computational and experimental strategy suggested that 3 remains promising for further elaboration as a chemotherapeutic agent.
A new lipophilic cationic rhodamine-based chemosensor for detection of Al (III)/Cu (II) and intracellular pH change and its application as a smartphone-assisted sensor in water … WC Chan, MP Ng, CH Tan, CW Ang, KS Sim, SYX Tiong, NAS Pungut, ... Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 436, 114382 , 2023 2023 Citations: 12
Iohexol functionalized Si-Ag: Mn3O4 hybrid nanoparticles based contrast agent for computed tomography imaging A Alhasan, HA Tajuddin, SFA Sani, TH Ali, S Hisham, MH Mokti, NM Ung, ... Materials Today Communications 33, 104377 , 2022 2022 Citations: 12
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A new lipophilic cationic rhodamine-based chemosensor for detection of Al (III)/Cu (II) and intracellular pH change and its application as a smartphone-assisted sensor in water … WC Chan, MP Ng, CH Tan, CW Ang, KS Sim, SYX Tiong, NAS Pungut, ... Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 436, 114382 , 2023 2023 Citations: 12
Iohexol functionalized Si-Ag: Mn3O4 hybrid nanoparticles based contrast agent for computed tomography imaging A Alhasan, HA Tajuddin, SFA Sani, TH Ali, S Hisham, MH Mokti, NM Ung, ... Materials Today Communications 33, 104377 , 2022 2022 Citations: 12